RESUMEN
There is no effective treatment to halt peripheral nervous system damage in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Mitochondria have been at the center of discussions as important factors in the development of neuropathy in diabetes. Photobiomodulation has been gaining clinical acceptance as it shows beneficial effects on a variety of nervous system disorders. In this study, the effects of photobiomodulation (904 nm, 45 mW, 6.23 J/cm2, 0.13 cm2, 60 ns pulsed time) on mitochondrial dynamics were evaluated in an adult male rat experimental model of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes. Results presented here indicate that photobiomodulation could have an important role in preventing or reversing mitochondrial dynamics dysfunction in the course of peripheral nervous system damage in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Photobiomodulation showed its effects on modulating the protein expression of mitofusin 2 and dynamin-related protein 1 in the sciatic nerve and in the dorsal root ganglia neurons of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes in rats.
Asunto(s)
Ganglios Espinales/efectos de la radiación , Láseres de Semiconductores , Dinámicas Mitocondriales/efectos de la radiación , Nervio Ciático/efectos de la radiación , Animales , Glucemia/análisis , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/inducido químicamente , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patología , Ganglios Espinales/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Nervio Ciático/metabolismo , Estreptozocina/toxicidadRESUMEN
In South America, increased UVB radiation has become an important environmental issue that is potentially threatening aquatic ecosystems. Considering that species exhibit different degrees of sensitivity to UVB radiation and that embryos are more sensitive than organisms at later life stages, the aim of this study was to characterize the effects of UVB radiation on subcellular compartments of embryos of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium olfersi. This species lives and reproduces in clear and shallow waters, where UV radiation can fully penetrates. Embryos were irradiated with a UVB 6W lamp for 30min and examined after 1h, 12h, 24h and 48h of exposure. The irradiance of the UVB used simulates the UV radiation that embryos receive in the natural environment. The subcellular compartment most affected by the UVB radiation was the mitochondria, which exhibited a circular shape, a decrease in mitochondrial cristae, rupture of membranes and a morphology compatible with fission. These impairments were observed simultaneously with increased ROS production, just after 1h of UVB exposure. Thus, we investigated proteins related to mitochondrial fission (Drp-1) and fusion (Mfn-1), which are essential to cell maintenance. We found a significant increase in Drp-1 expression at all analyzed time-points and a significant decrease in Mfn-1 expression only after 24h of UVB exposure. Additionally, a decrease in embryonic cell viability was verified via the mitochondrial integrity assay. To conclude, we observed important mitochondrial dysfunctions against the environmental stress caused by UVB radiation. Moreover, the cellular responses found are critical and should not be disregarded, because they impact embryos that can potentially compromise the aquatic ecosystems.