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This study assessed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based assay to detect Salmonella in swine as a potential tool to predict the presence of Salmonella in swine carcasses. The following samples were collected from 10 swine batches: blood (n = 100); environment (barn floor, n = 10, and lairage floor, n = 10); meat juice (n = 100, obtained after defrosting of diaphragm); tonsils (n = 100); mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) (n = 100); and carcasses after bleeding (n = 100), after singeing (n = 100), after evisceration (n = 100), and after final rinsing (n = 100). Blood and meat juice were subjected to ELISA to detect antibodies against Salmonella, and other samples were subjected to Salmonella detection by ISO 6579. Salmonella was detected in 3 samples from barn floors, 7 lairage floors, 45 tonsils, 43 MLNs and in 3 carcasses. Based on ELISA, Salmonella positive samples were: 86 and 46 blood serum (20% and 40% cut-offs) and 68 and 46 meat juice (20% and 40% cut-offs). Optical density readings from blood serum and meat juice presented a high and significant correlation (r = 0.93, p < 0.001), and a substantial agreement for Salmonella detection (K = 0.69, ELISA 40% cut-off). The agreement between ELISA and microbiological analysis for Salmonella detection in pig carcasses were absent or poor, with the exception of results obtained by ELISA 40% cut-off from blood serum and meat juice with MLNs (K = 0.49 and 0.50, respectively) and tonsils (K = 0.29 and 0.30, respectively). Based on the obtained results, meat juice can be considered an alternative to blood serum as a matrix for ELISA for preliminary detection of Salmonella, allowing the identification of potential sources of contamination during slaughtering.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of pneumoperitoneum, both alone and in combination with controlled ventilation, on peritoneal lymphatic bacterial clearance using a rat bacterial peritonitis model. METHOD: A total of 69 male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally inoculated with an Escherichia coli solution (10(9) colony-forming units (cfu)/mL) and divided into three groups of 23 animals each: A (control group), B (pneumoperitoneum under 5 mmHg of constant pressure), and C (endotracheal intubation, controlled ventilation, and pneumoperitoneum as in Group B). The animals were sacrificed after 30 min under these conditions, and blood, mediastinal ganglia, lungs, peritoneum, liver, and spleen cultures were performed. RESULTS: Statistical analyses comparing the number of cfu/sample in each of the cultures showed that no differences existed between the three groups. CONCLUSION: Based on our results, we concluded that pneumoperitoneum, either alone or in association with mechanical ventilation, did not modify the bacterial clearance through the diaphragmatic lymphatic system of the peritoneal cavity.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of pneumoperitoneum, both alone and in combination with controlled ventilation, on peritoneal lymphatic bacterial clearance using a rat bacterial peritonitis model. METHOD: A total of 69 male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally inoculated with an Escherichia coli solution (109 colony-forming units (cfu)/mL) and divided into three groups of 23 animals each: A (control group), B (pneumoperitoneum under 5 mmHg of constant pressure), and C (endotracheal intubation, controlled ventilation, and pneumoperitoneum as in Group B). The animals were sacrificed after 30 min under these conditions, and blood, mediastinal ganglia, lungs, peritoneum, liver, and spleen cultures were performed. RESULTS: Statistical analyses comparing the number of cfu/sample in each of the cultures showed that no differences existed between the three groups. CONCLUSION: Based on our results, we concluded that pneumoperitoneum, either alone or in association with mechanical ventilation, did not modify the bacterial clearance through the diaphragmatic lymphatic system of the peritoneal cavity.

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The morphology is described of the tissue stages of Trypanosoma cruzi observed in strains isolated in British Honduras. The persistent presence of crithidia forms of the parasite in infected vertebrate tissues suggests that T. cruzi strains found in British Honduras differ from strains described from other geographical areas. It is suggested that such strains may be suitable for studies on trypanocidal drugs in vivo and for comparative studies on the morphology of reproduction in tissues. (AU)

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