RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different sterilization/disinfection methods on the mechanical properties of orthodontic elastomeric chains. METHODS: Segments of elastomeric chains with 5 links each were sent for sterilization by cobalt 60 (Co60) (20 KGy) gamma ray technology. After the procedure, the elastomeric chains were contaminated with clinical samples of Streptococcus mutans. Subsequently, the elastomeric chains were submitted to sterilization/disinfection tests carried out by means of different methods, forming six study groups, as follows: Group 1 (control - without contamination), Group 2 (70°GL alcohol), Group 3 (autoclave), Group 4 (ultraviolet), Group 5 (peracetic acid) and Group 6 (glutaraldehyde). After sterilization/disinfection, the effectiveness of these methods, by Colony forming units per mL (CFU/mL), and the mechanical properties of the material were assessed. Student's t-test was used to assess the number of CFUs while ANOVA and Tukey's test were used to assess elastic strength. RESULTS: Ultraviolet treatment was not completely effective for sterilization. No loss of mechanical properties occurred with the use of the different sterilization methods (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Biological control of elastomeric chains does not affect their mechanical properties.
Asunto(s)
Materiales Dentales/química , Elastómeros/química , Aparatos Ortodóncicos , Esterilización/métodos , Carga Bacteriana/efectos de los fármacos , Carga Bacteriana/efectos de la radiación , Radioisótopos de Cobalto/uso terapéutico , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Materiales Dentales/efectos de la radiación , Desinfección/métodos , Elasticidad , Elastómeros/efectos de la radiación , Etanol/uso terapéutico , Rayos gamma/uso terapéutico , Glutaral/uso terapéutico , Calor , Humanos , Ensayo de Materiales , Aparatos Ortodóncicos/microbiología , Ácido Peracético/uso terapéutico , Radiofármacos/uso terapéutico , Streptococcus mutans/efectos de los fármacos , Streptococcus mutans/efectos de la radiación , Estrés Mecánico , Factores de Tiempo , Rayos UltravioletaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different sterilization/disinfection methods on the mechanical properties of orthodontic elastomeric chains. METHODS: Segments of elastomeric chains with 5 links each were sent for sterilization by cobalt 60 (Co60) (20 KGy) gamma ray technology. After the procedure, the elastomeric chains were contaminated with clinical samples of Streptococcus mutans. Subsequently, the elastomeric chains were submitted to sterilization/disinfection tests carried out by means of different methods, forming six study groups, as follows: Group 1 (control - without contamination), Group 2 (70°GL alcohol), Group 3 (autoclave), Group 4 (ultraviolet), Group 5 (peracetic acid) and Group 6 (glutaraldehyde). After sterilization/disinfection, the effectiveness of these methods, by Colony forming units per mL (CFU/mL), and the mechanical properties of the material were assessed. Student's t-test was used to assess the number of CFUs while ANOVA and Tukey's test were used to assess elastic strength. RESULTS: Ultraviolet treatment was not completely effective for sterilization. No loss of mechanical properties occurred with the use of the different sterilization methods (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Biological control of elastomeric chains does not affect their mechanical properties. .
OBJETIVO: verificar os efeitos de diferentes métodos de esterilização/desinfecção nas propriedades mecânicas de elásticos ortodônticos em cadeia. MÉTODOS: segmentos de elástico em cadeia com 5 elos cada foram enviados para esterilização em radiação gama com cobalto 60 (20 KGy). Após esterilização, esses foram contaminados com amostras clínicas de Streptococcus mutans. Passado esse período, foram submetidos aos testes de esterilização/desinfecção por diferentes métodos, formando seis grupos de estudo, assim denominados: Grupo 1 (controle - sem ter sido contaminado), Grupo 2 (álcool 70°GL), Grupo 3 (autoclave), Grupo 4 (ultravioleta), Grupo 5 (ácido peracético) e Grupo 6 (glutaraldeído). Após esterilização/desinfecção, avaliou-se a efetividade desses métodos, por meio de contagem de unidades formadoras de colônias por mL (UFC/mL), e as propriedades mecânicas desses materiais. Utilizou-se o teste t de Student para avaliar o número de UFC, além do ANOVA e, posteriormente, do teste de Tukey para avaliação da força. RESULTADOS: verificou-se que o ultravioleta não obteve eficácia total quanto à esterilização. E não ocorreu perda das propriedades mecânicas dos elásticos, com os diferentes métodos de esterilização utilizados (p > 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: o controle biológico de elásticos em cadeia não interfere nas suas propriedades mecânicas. .
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Aparatos Ortodóncicos/microbiología , Esterilización/métodos , Elastómeros/química , Materiales Dentales/química , Ácido Peracético/uso terapéutico , Streptococcus mutans/efectos de los fármacos , Streptococcus mutans/efectos de la radiación , Estrés Mecánico , Factores de Tiempo , Rayos Ultravioleta , Ensayo de Materiales , Desinfección/métodos , Glutaral/uso terapéutico , Radioisótopos de Cobalto/uso terapéutico , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Radiofármacos/uso terapéutico , Elastómeros/efectos de la radiación , Materiales Dentales/efectos de la radiación , Etanol/uso terapéutico , Elasticidad , Carga Bacteriana/efectos de los fármacos , Carga Bacteriana/efectos de la radiación , Rayos gamma/uso terapéutico , CalorRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the efficacy of three antimicrobial solutions on the disinfection of toothbrushes after storage in closed containers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen healthy subjects were enrolled in this randomized cross-over clinical investigation. The study was conducted in four phases, in which mouthrinses (chlorhexidine gluconate-based or cetilpiridinium-based) and sterile tap water (control group) were used to individually store used toothbrushes in closed containers during 7 days of toothbrushing. Five toothbrushes were used as negative control for bacterial colonisation before contact with oral cavity. Conventional culture and DNA Checkerboard hybridization were used to detect bacterial contamination on the toothbrushes. Subsequently, the number of bacterial species on the bristles was estimated by the DNA Checkerboard method. RESULTS: One toothbrush presented bacterial contamination in the negative control test. Both culture and DNA Checkerboard showed positive signals of bacterial contamination in the toothbrushes with no differences in the frequency of detection. The control group showed higher total bacterial counts when compared with the mouthrinse groups. Porphyromonas gingivalis had the highest bacterial count followed by Parvimonas micra. CONCLUSION: Culture and DNA Checkerboard showed positive signals of bacterial contamination. Mouthrinses that contains 0.12% of chlorhexidine gluconate were more effective in reducing bacterial colonisation on the toothbrushes.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos Locales/uso terapéutico , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Contaminación de Equipos/prevención & control , Antisépticos Bucales/uso terapéutico , Cepillado Dental/instrumentación , Carga Bacteriana/efectos de los fármacos , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Cetilpiridinio/uso terapéutico , Clorhexidina/análogos & derivados , Clorhexidina/uso terapéutico , Estudios Cruzados , ADN Bacteriano/análisis , Femenino , Fusobacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Lacticaseibacillus casei/aislamiento & purificación , Masculino , Hibridación de Ácido Nucleico , Peptostreptococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Porphyromonas gingivalis/aislamiento & purificación , Prevotella intermedia/aislamiento & purificación , Distribución Aleatoria , Streptococcus/efectos de los fármacos , Streptococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Denture liners are well known for their poor physical properties that favor the accumulation of plaque and colonization by Candida species, which can irritate the oral tissues and lead to denture stomatitis. PURPOSE: A systematic review was conducted to determine the feasibility of a prevention protocol for Candida colonization in denture liners and an effective treatment after the fungi has colonized the material. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical and in vitro investigations that assessed the treatment and/or prevention of Candida colonization and biofilm formation in denture liners were selected according to the PRISMA statement. Seven electronic databases were searched from 1950 to April 2012 with the keywords "denture liner" OR "reline*" OR "tissue conditioner" AND "Candida" OR "denture stomatitis" OR "oral candidiasis" OR "antifungal agents" OR "denture clean*". RESULTS: The incorporation of nystatin (in general, 500 000 units) into tissue conditioners to prevent the onset of the disease and immersion in sodium hypochlorite for disinfection were the methods most often described in this systematic review, and both methods were able to prevent or inhibit Candida colonization, depending on their concentrations. The 0.5% sodium hypochlorite concentration can disinfect tissue conditioners and denture liners. Microwave irradiation has also been described an alternative method of disinfection. Because of a lack of standardized results (especially with regard to the method used to perform microbial counts), a meta-analysis could not be performed. CONCLUSIONS: The literature suggests that the use of 0.5% sodium hypochlorite can help disinfect denture liners and tissue conditioners. The incorporation of nystatin in those materials is also able to treat or prevent oral candidiasis. However, as most of the studies were in vitro, there is insufficient reliable evidence to truly provide recommendations regarding the ideal cleaning method or whether the addition of antifungal agents is worthwhile. Well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to provide answers to these questions.
Asunto(s)
Candida/efectos de los fármacos , Candidiasis Bucal/prevención & control , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Bases para Dentadura/microbiología , Alineadores Dentales/microbiología , Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéutico , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Estudios de Factibilidad , Humanos , Estomatitis Subprotética/microbiología , Estomatitis Subprotética/prevención & controlRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Sterilisation using peracetic acid (PAA) has been advocated for orthodontic elastic bands. However, cane-loaded elastomeric ligatures can also become contaminated during processing, packaging, and manipulation before placement in the oral cavity and are therefore susceptible, and possible causes, of cross-contamination. AIM: To test the hypothesis that 0.25% peracetic acid (PAA), following the sterilisation of elastomers, influences the cytotoxicity of elastomeric ligatures on L929 cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four hundred and eighty silver elastomeric ligatures were divided into 4 groups of 120 ligatures to produce, Group TP (latex natural, bulk pack, TP Orthodontics), Group M1 (Polyurethane, bulk pack, Morelli), Group M2 (Polyurethane, cane-loaded, Morelli) and Group U (Polyurethane, cane-loaded, Uniden). Of the 120 ligatures in each group, 100 were sterilised in 0.25% PAA at time intervals (N = 20) of 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours and 5 hours. The 20 remaining elastomeric ligatures in each group were not sterilised and served as controls. Cytotoxicity was assessed using L929 cell lines and a dye-uptake method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Tukey post hoc test (p < 0.05) determined statistical relevance. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between TP, Morelli and Uniden elastomerics (p < 0.05), but no difference between the two types of Morelli elastomerics at the 1 hour time interval. In addition, there was a significant difference between Group CC and the other groups assessed, except between Groups CC and TP at the 1 hour time interval. The non-sterilised elastomeric ligatures showed similar cell viability to that observed after 1 hour of standard sterilisation. CONCLUSION: PAA did not significantly influence the cytotoxicity of elastomeric ligatures after a sterilisation time of 1 hour and is therefore recommended for clinical use.
Asunto(s)
Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Elastómeros/toxicidad , Aparatos Ortodóncicos , Ácido Peracético/uso terapéutico , Esterilización/métodos , Animales , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Línea Celular , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Colorantes , Desinfectantes Dentales/química , Elastómeros/química , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Látex/química , Látex/toxicidad , Ensayo de Materiales , Rojo Neutro , Ácido Peracético/química , Poliuretanos/química , Poliuretanos/toxicidad , Ratas , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The microwave energy is an efficient disinfection method; however, it can generate high temperatures that can result in distortion of the dentures. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether the addition of an enzymatic cleanser to microwave disinfection regimen would disinfect dentures with shorter irradiation time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven resin discs colonized with Candida albicans biofilm were placed on the palatal surface of sterile dentures to be randomly assigned to the following treatments: immersion in distilled water for 3 min with 0 (DW), 1 (DW + M1), 2 (DW + M2), or 3 min (DW + M3) of microwave irradiation; or immersion in denture cleanser for 3 min with 0 (DC), 1 (DC + M1), 2 (DC + M2) or 3 min (DC + M3) of irradiation. After the treatments, the viable cells were counted by a blinded examiner. The temperature was measured immediately after irradiation. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: No viable cells were found after DC + M2, DC + M3, and DW + M3 treatments, of which DC + M2 achieved the lowest temperature. No significant difference was found between the effectiveness of DW, DW + M1 and DC treatments (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Within the limits of this study, the association of a denture cleanser and microwave energy is efficient to disinfect dentures in lower irradiation time and temperature.
Asunto(s)
Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Limpiadores de Dentadura/uso terapéutico , Dentaduras , Desinfección/métodos , Microondas/uso terapéutico , Resinas Acrílicas/química , Resinas Acrílicas/efectos de la radiación , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Biopelículas/efectos de la radiación , Candida albicans/efectos de los fármacos , Candida albicans/efectos de la radiación , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Calor , Humanos , Ensayo de Materiales , Viabilidad Microbiana/efectos de los fármacos , Viabilidad Microbiana/efectos de la radiación , Polimetil Metacrilato/química , Polimetil Metacrilato/efectos de la radiación , Propiedades de Superficie , Factores de Tiempo , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Microorganisms of the genus Candida have been recovered from complete dentures made of acrylic resin, with high numbers of colony forming units and species diversity, which can act as infectious agents causing chronic atrophic candidiasis (denture stomatitis). OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is present a treatment protocol for chronic atrophic candidiasis (denture stomatitis). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The work describes three cases of totally edentulous patients presenting palate stomatitis who were submitted for treatment associating denture rebasing with chemically-activated acrylic resin, night immersion in 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and use of topical antifungals for two weeks. RESULTS: In all cases, remission of the inflammatory process occurred. CONCLUSION: The proposed treatment protocol proved to be to be effective.
Asunto(s)
Estomatitis Subprotética/terapia , Resinas Acrílicas/química , Administración Tópica , Antifúngicos/administración & dosificación , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Protocolos Clínicos , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Materiales Dentales/química , Rebasado de Dentaduras , Dentadura Completa/microbiología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Metilmetacrilatos/química , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antisépticos Bucales/uso terapéutico , Nistatina/administración & dosificación , Nistatina/uso terapéutico , Hipoclorito de Sodio/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the periodontal healing pattern of dehiscence-type defects following different chemical root conditioning modalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Buccal osseous dehiscence defects were created on six teeth of seven dogs. After dental plaque accumulation, defects were treated with sterile saline solution (control group) or one chemical conditioning modality: citric acid (CA group), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA group), tetracycline (TTC group), citric acid + tetracycline (CA + TTC group), or tetracycline + citric acid (TTC + CA group). After 3 months of healing, clinical parameters were evaluated, and the animals were killed. Histological sections were processed, and a computer-assisted histometric analysis was used to evaluate the formation of new cementum, new bone, and epithelial apical migration. RESULTS: All treatments yielded significant improvements in terms of probing depth decrease and clinical attachment level gain compared to baseline values; however, without significant differences among the groups (p > 0.05; one-way ANOVA). The highest amount of new cementum was noted in the EDTA group (3.72 ± 0.83 mm, 77.6 %), while the lowest amount of new bone was observed in the TTC group (0.7 ± 0.94 mm, 14.3 %). However, no statistically significant differences could be observed among the groups regarding epithelial apical migration, new cementum, and alveolar bone formation (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Chemical root surface conditioning did not promote any significant improvement in periodontal healing pattern of dehiscence-type defects in dogs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Chemical root surface conditioning after surgical debridement did not promote positive or negative effects on periodontal healing pattern of dehiscence-type defects.
Asunto(s)
Pérdida de Hueso Alveolar/tratamiento farmacológico , Raíz del Diente/efectos de los fármacos , Pérdida de Hueso Alveolar/cirugía , Animales , Cementogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido Cítrico/administración & dosificación , Ácido Cítrico/uso terapéutico , Desinfectantes Dentales/administración & dosificación , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Perros , Combinación de Medicamentos , Ácido Edético/administración & dosificación , Ácido Edético/uso terapéutico , Inserción Epitelial/efectos de los fármacos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/métodos , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Pérdida de la Inserción Periodontal/tratamiento farmacológico , Pérdida de la Inserción Periodontal/cirugía , Bolsa Periodontal/tratamiento farmacológico , Bolsa Periodontal/cirugía , Curetaje Subgingival/métodos , Colgajos Quirúrgicos/cirugía , Tetraciclina/administración & dosificación , Tetraciclina/uso terapéutico , Raíz del Diente/cirugía , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
This study aimed to assess the response of apical and periapical tissues of dogs' teeth after root canal filling with different materials. Forty roots from dogs' premolars were prepared biomechanically and assigned to 4 groups filled with: Group I: commercial calcium hydroxide and polyethylene glycol-based paste (Calen) thickened with zinc oxide; Group II: paste composed of iodoform, Rifocort and camphorated paramonochlorophenol; Group III: zinc oxide-eugenol cement; Group IV: sterile saline. After 30 days, the samples were subjected to histological processing. The histopathological findings revealed that in Groups I and IV the apical and periapical regions exhibited normal appearance, with large number of fibers and cells and no resorption of mineralized tissues. In Group II, mild inflammatory infiltrate and mild edema were observed, with discrete fibrogenesis and bone resorption. Group III showed altered periapical region and thickened periodontal ligament with presence of inflammatory cells and edema. It may be concluded that the Calen paste thickened with zinc oxide yielded the best tissue response, being the most indicated material for root canal filling of primary teeth with pulp vitality.
Asunto(s)
Cavidad Pulpar/efectos de los fármacos , Materiales de Obturación del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Diente Primario/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Diente Premolar/cirugía , Resorción Ósea/etiología , Hidróxido de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Alcanfor/uso terapéutico , Clorofenoles/uso terapéutico , Tejido Conectivo/efectos de los fármacos , Cemento Dental/efectos de los fármacos , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Cavidad Pulpar/patología , Dentina/efectos de los fármacos , Perros , Combinación de Medicamentos , Edema/etiología , Hidrocarburos Yodados/uso terapéutico , Leucocitos Mononucleares/patología , Ensayo de Materiales , Tejido Periapical/efectos de los fármacos , Tejido Periapical/patología , Ligamento Periodontal/efectos de los fármacos , Ligamento Periodontal/patología , Polietilenglicoles/uso terapéutico , Prednisolona/análogos & derivados , Prednisolona/uso terapéutico , Rifamicinas/uso terapéutico , Preparación del Conducto Radicular/métodos , Resorción Radicular/etiología , Factores de Tiempo , Ápice del Diente/efectos de los fármacos , Ápice del Diente/patología , Diente Primario/patología , Óxido de Zinc/uso terapéutico , Cemento de Óxido de Zinc-Eugenol/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: In this study, presence of dentin infection in root canals, obturated with 4 techniques submitted to the bacterial leakage test, was evaluated using histologic methods. STUDY DESIGN: The canals of palatal roots of 160 molars were instrumented and divided into different groups, according to the obturation technique used (lateral condensation, MicroSeal system, Touch 'n Heat + Ultrafil, and Tagger's hybrid technique) and extent of the remaining obturation material (5 mm and 10 mm). Ten additional roots were used as control samples. The roots were sterilized in ethylene oxide and mounted on a device for evaluation of bacterial leakage using the bacteria Enterococcus faecalis for 120 days. After the leakage test, roots were microscopically analyzed for the presence of dentin infection in the root canals and dentinal tubules. RESULTS: A total of 154 specimens were analyzed using both methodologies in the experimental groups; 50 root canals (32.4%) showed bacterial leakage at the end of the experimental period, and 118 (76.6%) showed the presence of bacteria in the root canals using the histologic criteria. The lateral condensation technique allowed lower penetration of bacteria in the root canals and dentinal tubules, followed by Touch 'n Heat + Ultrafil, MicroSeal, and Tagger's hybrid technique, which allowed significantly greater penetration of bacteria. Root canals with 10 mm of remaining obturation material presented similar bacterial penetration as root canals with 5 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Even when an adequate seal of the apical foramen was shown by the absence of turbidity in the bacterial leakage test, E. faecalis dentin infection was present in a high percentage of the root canals after 120 days of root filling exposure to the bacteria. Tagger's hybrid technique presented greater quantity of bacteria in histologic sections than root canals obturated with the other techniques.
Asunto(s)
Filtración Dental/microbiología , Cavidad Pulpar/microbiología , Obturación del Conducto Radicular/métodos , Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo/métodos , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Cavidad Pulpar/patología , Dentina/microbiología , Dentina/patología , Enterococcus faecalis/crecimiento & desarrollo , Óxido de Etileno/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por Bacterias Grampositivas/microbiología , Gutapercha/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Materiales de Obturación del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Hipoclorito de Sodio/uso terapéutico , Esterilización/métodos , Factores de Tiempo , Ápice del Diente/microbiología , Ápice del Diente/patologíaRESUMEN
This study aimed to assess the response of apical and periapical tissues of dogs' teeth after root canal filling with different materials. Forty roots from dogs' premolars were prepared biomechanically and assigned to 4 groups filled with: Group I: commercial calcium hydroxide and polyethylene glycol-based paste (Calen®) thickened with zinc oxide; Group II: paste composed of iodoform, Rifocort® and camphorated paramonochlorophenol; Group III: zinc oxide-eugenol cement; Group IV: sterile saline. After 30 days, the samples were subjected to histological processing. The histopathological findings revealed that in Groups I and IV the apical and periapical regions exhibited normal appearance, with large number of fibers and cells and no resorption of mineralized tissues. In Group II, mild inflammatory infiltrate and mild edema were observed, with discrete fibrogenesis and bone resorption. Group III showed altered periapical region and thickened periodontal ligament with presence of inflammatory cells and edema. It may be concluded that the Calen paste thickened with zinc oxide yielded the best tissue response, being the most indicated material for root canal filling of primary teeth with pulp vitality.
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resposta dos tecidos apicais e periapicais de dentes de cães, após obturação dos canais radiculares com diferentes materiais indicados para dentes decíduos. Foram utilizados pré-molares de cães, totalizando 40 raízes que, após pulpectomia e preparo biomecânico, foram divididas em 4 grupos, nos quais os canais radiculares foram obturados com os seguintes materiais: Grupo I - pasta comercial composta de hidróxido de cálcio e polietileno glicol 400 (Calen®) espessada com óxido de zinco; Grupo II - pasta composta de iodofórmio, Rifocort® e paramonoclorofenol canforado; Grupo III - cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol; e Grupo IV - solução salina. Decorridos 30 dias, as peças foram submetidas ao processamento histológico. De acordo com os resultados da análise histopatológica observou-se que nos Grupos I e IV as regiões apical e periapical apresentaram aspecto de normalidade, com grande número de fibras e células e ausência de reabsorção dos tecidos mineralizados. No Grupo II observou-se infiltrado inflamatório e edema leves, com discreta fibrogênese e reabsorção óssea. O Grupo III apresentou alteração na região periapical e ligamento periodontal ampliado, com presença de células inflamatórias e edema. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que a pasta Calen espessada com óxido de zinco apresentou a melhor resposta tecidual, sendo a mais indicada para a obturação de canais radiculares de dentes decíduos com vitalidade pulpar.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Perros , Cavidad Pulpar/efectos de los fármacos , Materiales de Obturación del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Diente Primario/efectos de los fármacos , Diente Premolar/cirugía , Resorción Ósea/etiología , Hidróxido de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Alcanfor/uso terapéutico , Clorofenoles/uso terapéutico , Tejido Conectivo/efectos de los fármacos , Combinación de Medicamentos , Cemento Dental/efectos de los fármacos , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Cavidad Pulpar/patología , Dentina/efectos de los fármacos , Edema/etiología , Hidrocarburos Yodados/uso terapéutico , Leucocitos Mononucleares/patología , Ensayo de Materiales , Tejido Periapical/efectos de los fármacos , Tejido Periapical/patología , Ligamento Periodontal/efectos de los fármacos , Ligamento Periodontal/patología , Polietilenglicoles/uso terapéutico , Prednisolona/análogos & derivados , Prednisolona/uso terapéutico , Rifamicinas/uso terapéutico , Preparación del Conducto Radicular/métodos , Resorción Radicular/etiología , Factores de Tiempo , Ápice del Diente/efectos de los fármacos , Ápice del Diente/patología , Diente Primario/patología , Cemento de Óxido de Zinc-Eugenol/uso terapéutico , Óxido de Zinc/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study compared the cutting capacity of carbide burs sterilized with microwaves and traditional sterilization methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty burs were divided into 5 groups according to the sterilization methods: dry heat (G1), autoclave (G2), microwave irradiation (G3), glutaraldehyde (G4) or control - no sterilization (G5). The burs were used to cut glass plates in a cutting machine set for twelve 2.5-min periods and, after each period, they were sterilized (except G5) following the protocol established for each group. The cutting capacity of the burs was determined by a weight-loss method. Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test. RESULTS: The means of the cutting amount performed by each group after the 12 periods were G1 = 0.2167 +/- 0.0627 g; G2 = 0.2077 +/- 0.0231 g; G3 = 0.1980 +/- 0.0326 g; G4 = 0.1203 +/- 0.0459 g; G5 = 0.2642 +/- 0.0359 g. There were statistically significant differences among the groups (p<0.05); only dry heat sterilization was similar to the control. CONCLUSION: Sterilization by dry heat was the method that least affected the cutting capacity of the carbide burs and microwave sterilization was not better than traditional sterilization methods.
Asunto(s)
Instrumentos Dentales , Microondas/uso terapéutico , Esterilización/métodos , Carbono/química , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Diseño de Equipo , Falla de Equipo , Vidrio/química , Glutaral/uso terapéutico , Calor , Humanos , Ensayo de Materiales , Acero Inoxidable/química , Propiedades de Superficie , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study compared the cutting capacity of carbide burs sterilized with microwaves and traditional sterilization methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty burs were divided into 5 groups according to the sterilization methods: dry heat (G1), autoclave (G2), microwave irradiation (G3), glutaraldehyde (G4) or control - no sterilization (G5). The burs were used to cut glass plates in a cutting machine set for twelve 2.5-min periods and, after each period, they were sterilized (except G5) following the protocol established for each group. The cutting capacity of the burs was determined by a weight-loss method. Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test. RESULTS: The means of the cutting amount performed by each group after the 12 periods were G1 = 0.2167 ± 0.0627 g; G2 = 0.2077 ± 0.0231 g; G3 = 0.1980 ± 0.0326 g; G4 = 0.1203 ± 0.0459 g; G5 = 0.2642 ± 0.0359 g. There were statistically significant differences among the groups (p<0.05); only dry heat sterilization was similar to the control. CONCLUSION: Sterilization by dry heat was the method that least affected the cutting capacity of the carbide burs and microwave sterilization was not better than traditional sterilization methods.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Instrumentos Dentales , Microondas/uso terapéutico , Esterilización/métodos , Carbono/química , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Diseño de Equipo , Falla de Equipo , Vidrio/química , Glutaral/uso terapéutico , Calor , Ensayo de Materiales , Propiedades de Superficie , Acero Inoxidable/química , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate infection control practices among dentists in private and public practice. DESIGN: Survey and cross-sectional analysis. SETTING: Sertãozinho city, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: All dentists who were currently working at the study city, and agreed to participate, resulting in a study population of 135 dentists. METHODS: Participants were personally interviewed and variables were submitted to chi2 or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Hand washing before and after each patient was reported by 86.7% of dentists, but private practitioners used liquid soap and paper towels more often than their public colleagues (p < 0.001). Most of the study population (97.8%) used gloves routinely during clinical sessions, but 8.2% reused them. Dry-heat was the main method employed for sterilisation of heat-stable devices by 80.0% of dentists, but adequate temperature and time of exposure was accomplished by only 32.1% of public and 70.0% of private professionals (p < 0.001). Heat-sensitive devices were disinfected with an adequate substance by 60.0% of both affiliation dentists (p = 0.908). CONCLUSIONS: There is a large gap between infection control recommendations and practices observed among the study population, and the situation is worse in public services. To reverse that situation, infection control issues must be openly debated by professional associations, dental schools and health authorities.
Asunto(s)
Control de Infección Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Brasil , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Transversales , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Equipo Dental , Detergentes/uso terapéutico , Contaminación de Equipos/prevención & control , Equipo Reutilizado/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Guantes Quirúrgicos/estadística & datos numéricos , Desinfección de las Manos/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Práctica Privada , Odontología en Salud Pública , Jabones/uso terapéutico , Esterilización/métodos , Esterilización/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The efficacy of the sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX) on Enterococcus faecalis was evaluated by systematic review and meta-analysis. The search strategies included search in electronic biomedical journal databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL) and handsearching records, using different matches of keywords for NaOCl, CHX and Enterococcus faecalis. From 41 in vivo studies, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria. In a sample containing 159 teeth, E. faecalis was detected initially in 16 (10%) teeth by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 42 (26.4%) teeth by microbial culture techniques. After root canal disinfection, this species was observed in 11 (6.9%) teeth by PCR and 12 (7.5%) teeth by culture. Risk differences of included studies were combined as generic inverse variance data type (Review Manager Version 5.0 _ Cochrane Collaboration, http://www.cc-ims.net, accessed 15 May 2008), taking into account the separate tracking of positive and negative cultures/PCR. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. In conclusion, NaOCl or CHX showed low ability to eliminate E. faecalis when evaluated by either PCR or culture techniques.
Asunto(s)
Clorhexidina/uso terapéutico , Enterococcus faecalis/efectos de los fármacos , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Hipoclorito de Sodio/uso terapéutico , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Cavidad Pulpar/microbiología , Enterococcus faecalis/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The efficacy of the sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX) on Enterococcus faecalis was evaluated by systematic review and meta-analysis. The search strategies included search in electronic biomedical journal databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL) and handsearching records, using different matches of keywords for NaOCl, CHX and Enterococcus faecalis. From 41 in vivo studies, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria. In a sample containing 159 teeth, E. faecalis was detected initially in 16 (10%) teeth by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 42 (26.4%) teeth by microbial culture techniques. After root canal disinfection, this species was observed in 11 (6.9%) teeth by PCR and 12 (7.5%) teeth by culture. Risk differences of included studies were combined as generic inverse variance data type (Review Manager Version 5.0 _ Cochrane Collaboration, http://www.cc-ims.net, accessed 15 May 2008), taking into account the separate tracking of positive and negative cultures/PCR. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. In conclusion, NaOCl or CHX showed low ability to eliminate E. faecalis when evaluated by either PCR or culture techniques.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Clorhexidina/uso terapéutico , Enterococcus faecalis/efectos de los fármacos , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Hipoclorito de Sodio/uso terapéutico , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Cavidad Pulpar/microbiología , Enterococcus faecalis/aislamiento & purificación , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the bond strength of Epiphany resin-based sealer to dentin walls after placement of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] dressings. Fifteen extracted single-rooted human teeth were instrumented using 2.5% NaOCl + EDTA as irrigants. The teeth were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=5), according to the intracanal dressing: G1= Ca(OH)2 + saline; G2= Ca(OH)2 + 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) gel; and G3= saline (control). After 10 days of storage in 100% humidity at 37 degrees C, the dressings were removed and the root canals were filled with Epiphany sealer. After additional 48 h of storage, the specimens were sectioned transversally into 2-mm-thick discs. Push-out tests were performed (1 mm/min, Instron 4411) and the maximum loads at failure were recorded in MPa. One-way ANOVA and Newman-Keuls tests showed a statistically significant decrease in bond strength when a Ca(OH)2 dressing was used before root canal filling with Epiphany (G1= 10.18 +/- 1.99 and G2= 9.98 +/- 2.97) compared to the control group (13.82 +/- 3.9) (p< 0.05). It may be concluded that the use of Ca(OH)2 as an intracanal dressing material affected the adhesion of Epiphany to the root canal walls, but even though the values were within the acceptable range found in the literature.
Asunto(s)
Hidróxido de Calcio/química , Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo , Materiales de Obturación del Conducto Radicular/química , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/química , Antiinfecciosos Locales/uso terapéutico , Hidróxido de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Quelantes/uso terapéutico , Clorhexidina/análogos & derivados , Clorhexidina/uso terapéutico , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Dentina/ultraestructura , Ácido Edético/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Humedad , Ensayo de Materiales , Materiales de Obturación del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Preparación del Conducto Radicular , Cloruro de Sodio , Hipoclorito de Sodio/uso terapéutico , Estrés Mecánico , Temperatura , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: The effectiveness of microwave disinfection of maxillary complete dentures on the treatment of Candida-related denture stomatitis was evaluated. Patients (n = 60) were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups of 15 subjects each; CONTROL GROUP: patients performed the routine denture care; Mw group: patients had their upper denture microwaved (650 W per 6 min) three times per week for 30 days; group MwMz: patients received the treatment of Mw group in conjunction with topical application of miconazole three times per day for 30 days; group Mz: patients received the antifungal therapy of group MwMz. Cytological smears and mycological cultures were taken from the dentures and the palates of all patients before treatment at day 15 and 30 of treatment and at follow-up (days 60 and 90). The effectiveness of the treatments was evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Microbial and clinical analysis of the control group demonstrated no significant decrease in the candidal infection over the clinical trial. Smears and cultures of palates and dentures of the groups Mw and MwMz exhibited absence of Candida at day 15 and 30 of treatment. On day 60 and 90, few mycelial forms were observed on 11 denture smears (36.6%) from groups Mw and MwMz, but not on the palatal smears. Miconazole (group Mz) neither caused significant reduction of palatal inflammation nor eradicated Candida from the dentures and palates. Microwaving dentures was effective for the treatment of denture stomatitis. The recurrence of Candida on microwaved dentures at follow-up was dramatically reduced.
Asunto(s)
Candidiasis Bucal/radioterapia , Dentadura Completa Superior/microbiología , Desinfección/métodos , Microondas , Estomatitis Subprotética/radioterapia , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Candida albicans/aislamiento & purificación , Candidiasis Bucal/tratamiento farmacológico , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Miconazol/uso terapéutico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estomatitis Subprotética/tratamiento farmacológico , Estomatitis Subprotética/microbiologíaRESUMEN
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the bond strength of Epiphany resin-based sealer to dentin walls after placement of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] dressings. Fifteen extracted single-rooted human teeth were instrumented using 2.5 percent NaOCl + EDTA as irrigants. The teeth were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=5), according to the intracanal dressing: G1= Ca(OH)2 + saline; G2= Ca(OH)2 + 2 percent chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) gel; and G3= saline (control). After 10 days of storage in 100 percent humidity at 37ºC, the dressings were removed and the root canals were filled with Epiphany sealer. After additional 48 h of storage, the specimens were sectioned transversally into 2-mm-thick discs. Push-out tests were performed (1 mm/min, Instron 4411) and the maximum loads at failure were recorded in MPa. One-way ANOVA and Newman-Keuls tests showed a statistically significant decrease in bond strength when a Ca(OH)2 dressing was used before root canal filling with Epiphany (G1= 10.18 ± 1.99 and G2= 9.98 ± 2.97) compared to the control group (13.82 ± 3.9) (p< 0.05). It may be concluded that the use of Ca(OH)2 as an intracanal dressing material affected the adhesion of Epiphany to the root canal walls, but even though the values were within the acceptable range found in the literature.
O objetivo desse estudo in vitro foi avaliar a resistência de união do cimento resinoso Epiphany às paredes dentinárias após aplicação de pastas de hidróxido de cálcio [Ca(OH)2]. Quinze dentes humanos uniradiculares foram igualmente instrumentados sob irrigação com as soluções de NaOCl 2,5 por cento + EDTA. Os dentes foram divididos em três grupos (n=5) e tratados com diferentes pastas de Ca(OH)2: G1= Ca(OH)2 + soro fisiológico; G2= Ca(OH)2 + 2 por cento CHX e G3= tratado apenas com soro fisiológico (grupo controle). Após 10 dias de armazenamento a 37°C e 100 por cento de umidade, as medicações foram removidas e os dentes obturados com o cimento Epiphany. Passadas 48 horas de armazenamento adicional, as amostras foram seccionadas tranversalmente em discos de 2 mm de espessura. Os testes de resistência de união (push-out) foram realizados em máquina de ensaio mecânico (1 mm/min) e os resultados expressos em MPa. Os testes de ANOVA e Newman-Keuls mostraram um significante decréscimo nos valores de resistência de união quando as pastas de Ca(OH)2 foram utilizadas (10,18 ± 1,99 e 9,98 ± 2,97) em comparação ao grupo controle (13,82 ± 3,9) (p<0,05). Pode-se concluir que o uso do Ca(OH)2 como medicação intracanal diminuiu a adesão do cimento Epiphany às paredes dos canais radiculares, embora os valores de resistência de união estejam dentro das médias aceitáveis encontradas na literatura.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Hidróxido de Calcio/química , Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo , Materiales de Obturación del Conducto Radicular/química , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/química , Antiinfecciosos Locales/uso terapéutico , Hidróxido de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Quelantes/uso terapéutico , Clorhexidina/análogos & derivados , Clorhexidina/uso terapéutico , Desinfectantes Dentales/uso terapéutico , Dentina/ultraestructura , Ácido Edético/uso terapéutico , Humedad , Ensayo de Materiales , Preparación del Conducto Radicular , Materiales de Obturación del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Cloruro de Sodio , Estrés Mecánico , Hipoclorito de Sodio/uso terapéutico , Temperatura , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
This clinical study was conducted to assess the bacterial reduction after chemomechanical preparation with 2.5% NaOCl as an irrigant and the additive antibacterial effect of intracanal dressing with calcium hydroxide. According to stringent inclusion criteria, 11 teeth with primary intraradicular infections and chronic apical periodontitis were selected and monitored in the study. Bacterial samples were taken at the baseline (before treatment) (S1), after chemomechanical preparation with 2.5% NaOCl as an irrigant (S2), and after a 7-day dressing with a calcium hydroxide paste in glycerin (S3). Cultivable bacteria recovered from infected root canals at the 3 stages were counted and identified by means of 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. At S1, all canals were positive for bacteria, with the mean number of 2.8 taxa per canal (range, 1-6). At S2, 5 cases (45.5%) still harbored cultivable bacteria, with 1 or 2 species per canal. At S3, bacteria were cultured from 2 cases (18.2%), with 1 species per positive case. There was no indication that any specific bacterial taxon was more resistant to treatment. A significant reduction in bacterial counts was observed between S1 and S2, and S1 and S3. However, no statistically significant difference was observed for comparisons involving S2 and S3 samples with regard to the number of cases yielding negative cultures (P = .18) or quantitative bacterial reduction (P = .19). It was concluded that the whole antibacterial protocol used in this study significantly reduced the number of bacteria in the canal and rendered most canals free of cultivable bacteria.