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ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the effectiveness of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs in exudative age-related macular degeneration. Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study of 54 patients with age-related macular degeneration receiving bevacizumab or aflibercept. Demographic data, visual acuity, and central retinal thickness measurements were collected. Improvement/stability of visual acuity and reduction in retinal thickness configured satisfactory responses. Results: Among the 60 eyes studied, there was no difference (p = 0.262) in satisfactory response when using bevacizumab (48.5%) or aflibercept (63.0%). Snellen's visual acuity, letter gain, and retinal thickness showed improvement or maintenance in 55.0%, 32.8%, and 78.3% of cases, respectively. The percentage of improvement/maintenance was higher in eyes with an initial visual acuity of < Snellen 20/400 (70.0% versus 40.0%; p = 0.002). Conclusion: A higher percentage of improvement/stabilization of visual acuity and macular thickness was observed in patients with age-related macular degeneration, with better response in patients with visual acuity worse than Snellen 20/400.
RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar a efetividade de medicamentos antifactor de crescimento endotelial vascular na degeneração macular relacionada à idade exsudativa. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal retrospectivo em 54 pacientes com degeneração macular relacionada à idade que usaram bevacizumab ou aflibercept. Foram coletados dados demográficos, da acuidade visual e da espessura central da retina. Melhora/estabilidade da acuidade visual e redução da espessura configuraram respostas satisfatórias. Resultados: Entre 60 olhos estudados, não houve diferença (p = 0,262) de acordo com o uso de bevacizumab (48,5%) ou aflibercept (63,0%). Acuidade visual segundo Snellen, ganho de letras e espessura retiniana demonstraram melhora ou estabilidade em 55,0%, 32,8% e 78,3% dos casos, respectivamente. Entre os olhos com acuidade visual inicial < 20/400, o percentual de melhora/estabilidade foi superior (70,0% versus 40,0%; p = 0,002). Conclusão: Em pacientes com degeneração macular relacionada à idade, foi percebida uma maior proporção de melhora ou estabilização da acuidade visual e espessura macular, com melhor resposta entre os pacientes com visão pior que 20/400.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/uso terapéutico , Receptores de Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/administración & dosificación , Receptores de Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/uso terapéutico , Degeneración Macular Húmeda/tratamiento farmacológico , Bevacizumab/administración & dosificación , Bevacizumab/uso terapéutico , Degeneración Macular/tratamiento farmacológico , Agudeza Visual , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Longitudinales , Receptores de Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/antagonistas & inhibidores , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Degeneración Macular Húmeda/diagnóstico , Inyecciones Intravítreas , Degeneración Macular/diagnósticoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an eye disease that occurs in patients over 50 years old. Early diagnosis enables timely treatment to stabilize disease progression. However, the fact that the disease is asymptomatic in its early stages can delay treatment until it progresses. As such, screening in specific contexts can be an early detection tool to reduce the clinical and social impact of the disease. OBJECTIVE: Assess the effectiveness of screening methods for early detection of AMD in adults aged 50 years or older. METHODS: A systematic review of comparative observational studies on AMD screening methods in those aged 50 years or older, compared with no screening or any other strategy. A literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library and Lilacs database. RESULTS: A total of 5,290 studies were identified, three of which met the inclusion criteria and were selected for the systematic review. A total of 8,733 individuals (16,780 eyes) were included in the analysis. The screening methods assessed were based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) compared with color fundus photography, and OCT and telemedicine testing compared to a standard eye exam. CONCLUSION: The systematized data are limited and only suggest satisfactory performance in early screening of the population at risk of developing AMD. OCT and the telemedicine technique showed promising results in AMD screening. However, methodological problems were identified in the studies selected and the level of evidence was considered low.
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Degeneración Macular , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Degeneración Macular/prevención & control , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Oftalmológico , FotograbarRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To present electroretinogram findings in extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen (EMAP) and describe associated systemic factors. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: Data on medical history, visual symptoms, multimodal imaging findings, and visual field were collected from the medical records of patients with extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen who attended a visual electrophysiology laboratory. Electrophysiological tests, including full-field electroretinogram, multifocal electroretinogram and photopic negative response, were performed. RESULTS: Eighteen patients (10 [56%] females, age 49-66 years) were included. Of these, 17 (94%) had a history of rheumatic fever in childhood and/or adolescence, 7 (39%) had cardiovascular disease, 4 (22%) had autoimmune disease, and 10 (56%) had inflammatory conditions. The primary visual complaints were nyctalopia (95%), followed by visual field loss (67%) and dyschromatopsia (67%). The key retinal findings included retinal pigmented epithelium atrophy in the macular region and subretinal drusenoid deposits. Regarding electrophysiological results, 100% of patients had abnormalities on multifocal electroretinogram, 94% displayed alterations in photopic negative response, and 78% showed changes in the full-field electroretinogram. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort, electrophysiologic evaluation demonstrated diffuse retinal dysfunction affecting all layers of the retina in patients with EMAP. The disease is associated with immune-mediated systemic conditions, chiefly rheumatic fever.
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Degeneración Macular , Drusas Retinianas , Fiebre Reumática , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Drusas Retinianas/diagnóstico , Drusas Retinianas/complicaciones , Fiebre Reumática/complicaciones , Electrorretinografía , Degeneración Macular/complicaciones , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Atrofia/complicaciones , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To describe the results of clinical and molecular analyses in a group of patients suffering from inherited macular dystrophies, in which next-generation sequencing (NGS) efficiently detected rare causative mutations. METHODS: A total of eight unrelated Mexican subjects with a clinical and multimodal imaging diagnosis of macular dystrophy were included. Visual assessment methods included best corrected visual acuity, color fundus photography, Goldmann visual field tests, kinetic perimetry, dark/light adapted chromatic perimetry, full-field electroretinography, autofluorescence imaging, and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography imaging. Genetic screening was performed by means of whole exome sequencing with subsequent Sanger sequencing validation of causal variants. RESULTS: All patients exhibited a predominantly macular or cone-dominant disease. Patients' ages ranged from 12 to 60 years. Three cases had mutations in genes associated with autosomal dominant inheritance (UNC119 and PRPH2) while the remaining five cases had mutations in genes associated with autosomal recessive inheritance (CNGA3, POC1B, BEST1, CYP2U1, and PROM1). Of the total of 11 different pathogenic alleles identified, three were previously unreported disease-causing variants. CONCLUSIONS: Macular dystrophies can be caused by defects in genes that are not routinely analyzed or not included in NGS gene panels. In this group of patients, whole exome sequencing efficiently detected rare genetic causes of hereditary maculopathies, and our findings contribute to expanding the current knowledge of the clinical and mutational spectrum associated with these disorders.
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Degeneración Macular , Distrofias Retinianas , Humanos , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mutación , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Degeneración Macular/genética , Distrofias Retinianas/diagnóstico , Distrofias Retinianas/genética , Electrorretinografía , Pruebas del Campo Visual , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Linaje , Fenotipo , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales , Bestrofinas , Familia 2 del Citocromo P450RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To describe the clinical characteristics of two patients affected by extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like (EMAP). METHODS: Two patients affected by EMAP underwent multimodal imaging, including fundus autofluorescence and optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: The patients showed the typical clinical appearance with macular atrophy with larger vertical axis surrounded by pseudodrusen-like deposits involving the midperiphery, associated with paving stone lesions in the retinal periphery. CONCLUSION: EMAP is a complex condition sharing clinical characteristics of age-related macular degeneration. Further studies are warranted to identify the early biomarker of the disease.
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Atrofia Geográfica , Degeneración Macular , Drusas Retinianas , Humanos , Atrofia , Angiografía con Fluoresceína , Fondo de Ojo , Atrofia Geográfica/diagnóstico , Atrofia Geográfica/complicaciones , Degeneración Macular/complicaciones , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Retina , Drusas Retinianas/diagnóstico , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodosRESUMEN
CONTEXTO: Os PCDT são documentos que visam garantir o melhor cuidado de saúde diante do contexto brasileiro e dos recursos disponíveis no SUS. Podem ser utilizados como materiais educativos aos profissionais de saúde, auxílio administrativo aos gestores, regulamentação da conduta assistencial perante o Poder Judiciário e explicitação de direitos aos usuários do SUS. Os PCDT são os documentos oficiais do SUS que estabelecem critérios para o diagnóstico de uma doença ou agravo à saúde; tratamento preconizado, com os medicamentos e demais produtos apropriados, quando couber; posologias recomendadas; mecanismos de controle clínico; e acompanhamento e verificação dos resultados terapêuticos a serem seguidos pelos gestores do SUS. Os PCDT devem incluir recomendações de condutas, medicamentos ou produtos para as diferentes fases evolutivas da doença ou do agravo à saúde de que se tratam, bem como aqueles indicados em casos de perda de eficácia e de surgimento de intolerância ou reação adversa relevante,
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Protocolos Clínicos , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Degeneración Macular/tratamiento farmacológico , Degeneración Macular/terapia , Fotoquimioterapia/instrumentación , Sistema Único de Salud , Brasil , Angiografía con Fluoresceína/instrumentación , Coagulación con Láser/instrumentación , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/uso terapéutico , Bevacizumab/uso terapéutico , Ranibizumab/uso terapéutico , Microscopía con Lámpara de Hendidura/instrumentaciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease that causes damage in the macular region of the retina, leading to irreversible blindness. This study aims to understand the profile and care of patients with AMD and its cost at the Brazilian public health system to identify AMD-care needs. METHODS: This is a retrospective observational study of AMD with real-world data from the Brazilian public healthcare system, using DATASUS claim databases. Patients with AMD were selected from 01/Jan/2014 to 31/Jan/2020; had at least one claim of ICD10 code H35.3 (Degeneration of macula and posterior pole), and were submitted to one of two procedures exclusively available for AMD patients - optical coherence tomography (OCT) and medical treatment of retinal disease (antiangiogenic); aged ≥18 years at first ICD10 claim, and presenting at least 1 year of follow-up in the database. We described patients' characteristics, healthcare resource utilization and cost, and the antiangiogenic intravitreal treatment received by AMD patients, including the number of doses and interval time between them. RESULTS: Patients searching for AMD treatment since 2014 were mostly females (59%), white (61%), and a mean age of 72 years. They were mainly located in the Southeast (87%), and few patients were found in the North (1%) and Central-West (1.5%) regions, probably reflecting where the Brazilian guideline to treat AMD (Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes Terapêuticas - PCDT) was incorporated as routine care for AMD. The average antiangiogenic dose of 2.5 antiangiogenic therapies within a year was below the expected. Most injections had an interval time of 20 to 40 days between doses, although some patients were treated more than 100 days. Another setback is that patients traveled longer distances for OCT and antiangiogenic treatment than overall AMD-healthcare, between 10 and 100 km. CONCLUSIONS: AMD patients seem to be undertreated, as they receive a mean of 2.5 doses of antiangiogenic treatment within a year. Inequalities among regions are evident, as the Southeast and South regions comprise almost all patients receiving the treatment from the public health system, probably reflecting the region with more access to AMD care according to PCDT recommendations.
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Degeneración Macular , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/uso terapéutico , Atención a la Salud , Femenino , Humanos , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Degeneración Macular/tratamiento farmacológico , Degeneración Macular/epidemiología , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tomografía de Coherencia ÓpticaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Purpose: Stargardt disease is the most common type of juvenile-onset macular dystrophy. It is bilateral and symmetrical in appearance, affects the macula, and its main characteristic is the loss of central vision that starts in the first or second decade of life. The purpose of this study was to describe the profile of the patients evaluated at the Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, as well as describe the electroretinographic findings with the full-field electroretinogram in these patients. Methods: An observational, retrospective study was performed by analysis of records and electroretinographic examinations of 27 patients with Stargardt disease and fundus flavimaculatus who were treated at the Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná's Department of Ocular Electrophysiology and Neuro-Ophthalmology between 1997 and 2014. The patients included in this study presented clinical features, fundus examination and/or electroretinographic findings compatible with Stargardt disease. Results: The visual acuity in the best eye varied from 0 to 1.6 logMAR (20/20 to 20/800) with an average of 0.89 ± 0.42 logMAR. The age at onset of symptoms varied from since birth to 36 years old (average 19.2 ± 9.2) with the majority of patients having symptom onset in the first or second decade of life. The mean time from the disease's first symptoms until the diagnosis was 7.3 years. In the fundus examination, every patient presented some kind of abnormality. In the electroretinogram analysis, the majority of patients had results that differed from those of sample controls, i.e., reduced amplitude and increased implicit time in the photopic and scotopic phases. Conclusions: The visual acuity and the age at symptoms onset in this study were compatible with the natural history of this dystrophy. The typical fundus appearance of Stargardt disease and altered electroretinogram were more frequent because of the delay until diagnosis. New prospective studies are necessary to evaluate these patients based on emergent technologies.
RESUMO Objetivo: A doença de Stargardt é a forma mais comum de distrofia macular de início juvenil. É bilateral e simétrica em aparência, afeta a mácula e sua característica principal é a diminuição da visão central que geralmente inicia-se na primeira ou segunda década de vida. O objetivo do estudo é descrever o perfil clínico dos pacientes avaliados no Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, bem como descrever os achados eletrorretinográficos destes pacientes com o eletrorretinograma de campo total. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional retrospectivo, baseado na análise de prontuários e eletrorretinograma de 27 pacientes com Doença de Stargardt e Fundus Flavimaculatus, atendidos em consulta oftalmológica no ambulatório de Eletrofisiologia Ocular e Neuro-Oftalmologia do Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, entre 1997 e 2014. Os pacientes incluídos no estudo apresentavam quadro clínico, fundoscopia e/ou achados eletrorretinográficos compatíveis com a doença. Resultados: A acuidade visual no melhor olho variou de 0 a 1,6 logMAR (20/20 a 20/800), com média de 0,89 ± 0,42 logMAR. A idade de aparecimento dos sintomas variou desde o nascimento a 36 anos (19,2 ± 9,2), sendo a maioria nas 1ª e 2ª década de vida. Em relação ao tempo entre o início dos sintomas e o diagnóstico, a média foi de 7,3 anos. Na fundoscopia, todos os pacientes apresentaram alguma alteração. Na análise do eletrorretinograma, a maioria dos pacientes demonstrou resultados que diferem da amostra de pacientes controles, ou seja, amplitudes reduzidas e tempos de culminação aumentados nas fases fotópicas e escotópicas. Conclusões: A acuidade visual e idade de início de aparecimento dos sintomas encontrados neste estudo são compatíveis com a evolução desta distrofia. Achados fundoscópicos típicos da doença de Stargardt e eletrorretinograma alterados foram mais frequentes em decorrência do atraso no diagnóstico. Novos estudos prospectivos são necessários para avaliar estes pacientes, fundamentando-se em novas tecnologias.
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Humanos , Degeneración Macular , Brasil/epidemiología , Angiografía con Fluoresceína , Estudios Prospectivos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Electrorretinografía , Fondo de Ojo , Enfermedad de Stargardt , Hospitales , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Degeneración Macular/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Purpose: The carotenoids lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z), and meso-zeaxanthin deposit at the macula as macular pigment (MP) and provide visual benefits and protection against macular diseases. The present study investigated MP, its nutritional and environmental determinants, and its constituent carotenoids in serum from a Mexican sample, in healthy participants and with metabolic diseases. Additionally, we compared these variables with an Irish sample. Methods: MP was measured in 215 subjects from a rural community in Mexico with dual-wavelength autofluorescence imaging reported as MP optical volume (MPOV). Dietary intake and serum concentrations of L and Z were evaluated. Results: The mean MPOV was 8429 (95% confidence interval, 8060-8797); range. 1171-15,976. The mean L and Z serum concentrations were 0.25 ± 0.15 µmol/L and 0.09 ± 0.04 µmol/L, respectively. The MPOV was positively correlated with L and Z serum concentrations (r = 0.347; P < 0.001 and r = 0.311; P < 0.001, respectively), but not with L + Z dietary estimates. Subjects with daily sunlight exposure of more than 50% were found to have significantly higher MPOV than those with less than 50% (P = 0.005). MPOV and serum concentrations of L and Z were significantly higher in the Mexican sample compared with the Irish sample, but this difference was not reflected in dietary analysis. Conclusions: These new data from a Mexican sample provide evidence of the multifactorial interactions and environmental determinants of MP such as sunlight exposure and dietary patterns. These findings will be essential for future studies in Mexico for eye health, visual function, and ocular pathology.
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Carotenoides/metabolismo , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Degeneración Macular/epidemiología , Pigmento Macular/metabolismo , Población Rural , Visión Ocular , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios Transversales , Suplementos Dietéticos , Humanos , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Degeneración Macular/etiología , Degeneración Macular/metabolismo , México , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
RESUMEN Se reportó el caso de un paciente con maculopatía en ojo de buey, asociada al uso de cloroquina. El uso de cloroquina en patologías reumatológicas puede provocar daño retinal relacionado con la dosis y el tiempo de evolución del tratamiento. Puede provocar desde afectación visual leve hasta daño irreversible de la visión, lo que depende del tiempo en que se realice el diagnóstico. Se presentó una paciente de 72 años, con diagnóstico de artritis reumatoide desde hace 21 años y tratamiento con cloroquina desde hace 15. Acudió a consulta con disminución de la visión lenta y progresiva bilateral. En el examen oftalmológico de fondo de ojo se diagnosticó maculopatía en ojo de buey. Este diagnóstico se confirmó por estudios de autofluorescencia y por la tomografía de coherencia óptica (AU).
ABSTRACT A case is reported of a patient with maculopathy in bulls' eye associated to the use of chloroquine. The use of chloroquine associated with rheumatologic diseases can cause retinal damage related to the dose and the time of treatment evolution. It can cause from mild visual impairment to irreversible vision damage depending on the time the diagnosis is made. A 72-year-old female patient is presented with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis for 21 years and treatment with chloroquine for 15 years. She assisted the consultation with a slow and progressive bilateral vision decrease; at the ophthalmological examination of the fundus a maculopathy in bull's eye was diagnosed, later confirmed by auto fluorescence and optical coherence tomography studies (AU).
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Adonis/efectos de los fármacos , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Ceguera/inducido químicamente , Adonis/toxicidad , Degeneración Macular/complicaciones , Degeneración Macular/patologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Stargardt disease is the most common type of juvenile-onset macular dystrophy. It is bilateral and symmetrical in appearance, affects the macula, and its main characteristic is the loss of central vision that starts in the first or second decade of life. The purpose of this study was to describe the profile of the patients evaluated at the Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, as well as describe the electroretinographic findings with the full-field electroretinogram in these patients. METHODS: An observational, retrospective study was performed by analysis of records and electroretinographic examinations of 27 patients with Stargardt disease and fundus flavimaculatus who were treated at the Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná's Department of Ocular Electrophysiology and Neuro-Ophthalmology between 1997 and 2014. The patients included in this study presented clinical features, fundus examination and/or electroretinographic findings compatible with Stargardt disease. RESULTS: The visual acuity in the best eye varied from 0 to 1.6 logMAR (20/20 to 20/800) with an average of 0.89 ± 0.42 logMAR. The age at onset of symptoms varied from since birth to 36 years old (average 19.2 ± 9.2) with the majority of patients having symptom onset in the first or second decade of life. The mean time from the disease's first symptoms until the diagnosis was 7.3 years. In the fundus examination, every patient presented some kind of abnormality. In the electroretinogram analysis, the majority of patients had results that differed from those of sample controls, i.e., reduced amplitude and increased implicit time in the photopic and scotopic phases. CONCLUSIONS: The visual acuity and the age at symptoms onset in this study were compatible with the natural history of this dystrophy. The typical fundus appearance of Stargardt disease and altered electroretinogram were more frequent because of the delay until diagnosis. New prospective studies are necessary to evaluate these patients based on emergent technologies.
Asunto(s)
Degeneración Macular , Brasil/epidemiología , Electrorretinografía , Angiografía con Fluoresceína , Fondo de Ojo , Hospitales , Humanos , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Degeneración Macular/epidemiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Enfermedad de StargardtRESUMEN
Purpose: To report a case of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy (UAIM) following vaccination for type A influenza virus (H1N1).Methods: Clinical, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings are presented.Results: A 25-year old white male presented with an acute decrease of vision in his left eye eight days after immunization with influenza A vaccine. Clinical evaluation revealed a deep yellowish-white lesion at the macula, early hyperfluorescence at the level of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and leakage and staining during the late phase of FA. OCT demonstrated disruption of the photoreceptor ellipsoid zone, as well as heterogeneous reflectivity changes and thickening at the level of the outer retina-RPE. Three months after presentation, fundus examination showed resolution of the yellowish foveal lesion, with persistence of mild RPE atrophic changes.Conclusion: This is the first reported case of UAIM following H1N1 vaccination to date.
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Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/inmunología , Vacunas contra la Influenza/efectos adversos , Degeneración Macular/inducido químicamente , Vacunación/efectos adversos , Trastornos de la Visión/inducido químicamente , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Angiografía con Fluoresceína , Humanos , Gripe Humana/prevención & control , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Degeneración Macular/fisiopatología , Masculino , Imagen Óptica , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Trastornos de la Visión/diagnóstico , Trastornos de la Visión/fisiopatología , Agudeza Visual/fisiologíaRESUMEN
RESUMEN Presentamos el caso de un paciente con foseta del disco óptico, quien presentó una disminución de la agudeza visual secundaria a desprendimiento seroso de retina. Se decidió realizar una inyección intravítrea de 0.3ml de gas C3F8 (100%), seguida de fotocoagulación con láser de argón en el borde temporal de la foseta, logrando reaplicación total de la retina, con reabsorción de todo el líquido subretiniano visible en la tomografía de coherencia optica (OCT) luego de 400 días. Además hubo una mejoría significativa en la agudeza visual.
ABSTRACT We present the case of a patient with an optic disk pit, presenting with great loss of visual acuity secondary to serous retinal detachment. The management chosen was an intravitreal injection of 0.3 mL of C3F8 (100%), followed by argon laser photocoagulation on the temporal edge of the pit, ), achieving total retinal reattachment , and reabsorption of all subretinal fluid visible at optical coherence tomography after 400 days, in addition to great improvement in visual acuity.
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Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Disco Óptico/anomalías , Enfermedades de la Retina/terapia , Desprendimiento de Retina , Anomalías del Ojo/terapia , Endotaponamiento/métodos , Fluorocarburos/administración & dosificación , Fotocoagulación , Degeneración Macular/terapia , Argón , Enfermedades de la Retina/diagnóstico , Anomalías del Ojo/diagnóstico , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Inyecciones Intravítreas , Mácula Lútea , Degeneración Macular/diagnósticoRESUMEN
Protocolo, que, juntamente com o PCDT do Ministério da Saúde, devem ser considerados como referência diagnóstica e terapêutica pelos profissionais de saúde, em Goiás, para o atendimento de pessoas degeneração macular relacionada com a idade (forma neovascular) no Estado de Goás. Estabelece diretrizes efetivas para o diagnóstico e o tratamento da DMRI neovascular, com ênfase na terapêutica antioangiogênica
Protocol, which, together with the PCDT of the Ministry of Health, should be considered as a diagnostic and therapeutic reference by health professionals in Goiás, for the care of people with age-related macular degeneration (neovascular form) in the State of Goás. Establishes effective guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of neovascular AMD, with an emphasis on antioangiogenic therapy
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Humanos , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Degeneración Macular/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
The diagnosis and treatment of medical retinal disease is now inseparable from retinal imaging in all its multimodal incarnations. The purpose of this article is to present a selection of very different retinal imaging techniques that are truly translational, in the sense that they are not only new, but can guide us to new understandings of disease processes or interventions that are not accessible by present methods. Quantitative autofluorescence imaging, now available for clinical investigation, has already fundamentally changed our understanding of the role of lipofuscin in age-related macular degeneration. Hyperspectral autofluorescence imaging is bench science poised not only to unravel the molecular basis of retinal pigment epithelium fluorescence, but also to be translated into a clinical camera for earliest detection of age-related macular degeneration. The ophthalmic endoscope for vitreous surgery is a radically new retinal imaging system that enables surgical approaches heretofore impossible while it captures subretinal images of living tissue. Remote retinal imaging coupled with deep learning artificial intelligence will transform the very fabric of future medical care.
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Inteligencia Artificial , Angiografía con Fluoresceína/métodos , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Oftalmoscopía/métodos , Epitelio Pigmentado de la Retina/patología , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Fondo de Ojo , HumanosRESUMEN
Resumo Apresentamos um caso de distrofia macular oculta bilateral, em paciente de 70 anos com queixa de baixa acuidade visual progressiva, sem achados fundoscópicos ou angiográficos justificáveis. Foram realizados exames de imagem do sistema nervoso central que afastaram lesões expansivas e testes eletrofisiológicos que sugeriram diagnóstico.
Abstract We report a case of bilateral occult macular dystrophy in a 70-year-old woman with progressive low visual acuity, without justifiable fundoscopic or angiographic findings. Imaging tests were done to excluding expansive lesions and electrophysiological tests that suggested the diagnosis.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Angiografía con Fluoresceína/métodos , Agudeza Visual , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Electrofisiología/métodos , Electrorretinografía/métodos , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico DiferencialRESUMEN
Resumo A distrofia macular anular concêntrica benigna (DMACB) é uma patologia retiniana rara e provavelmente subdiagnosticada em nosso meio, que se caracteriza por um defeito retiniano em bull's eye sem uso prévio de antimaláricos, associado à preservação relativa da acuidade visual. Devido à escassez de publicações sobre o tema, existem poucos dados referentes aos resultados dos exames complementares nesta patologia. No presente artigo, apresenta-se a descrição da autofluorescência em um caso clássico de DMACB, ainda inédita na literatura, podendo acrescentar achados importantes para auxiliar no diagnóstico e seguimento da doença.
Abstract The benign concentric annular macular dystrophy (BCAMD) is a very rare and probably underdiagnosed eye disease, characterized by a retinal fault in bull's eye pattern, without the association with antimalarial use, but related with good visual acuity. Since there aren't many publications about this condition, is hard to find data regarding the results of complementary examination. In this article, is presented the description of fundus autofluorescence in a classic BCAMD case, yet unpublished, and capable of helping the diagnosis and follow-up of this pathology.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Anciano , Retina/fisiopatología , Angiografía con Fluoresceína/métodos , Hipopigmentación/diagnóstico , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Oftalmoscopía/métodos , Atrofia , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Epitelio Pigmentado de la Retina/patología , Imagen Óptica/métodos , Fondo de Ojo , Lipofuscina/metabolismoRESUMEN
Introducción: la degeneración macular asociada a la edad (DMAE) es una enfermedad degenerativa de la retina, que causa pérdida de la visión central en individuos mayores de 50 años. Es considerada una de las causas más comunes de pérdida de visión en países occidentales y en países desarrollados es la causa más frecuente de baja visión. Objetivo: describir el comportamiento de la rehabilitación visual, mediante la realización de ejercicios de fijación y localización, en estos pacientes. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo en pacientes con degeneración macular asociada a la edad y diversidad funcional visual atendidos en consulta de baja visión de la provincia Granma durante febrero 2017 hasta enero 2018; la degeneración macular asociada a la edad constituye la segunda causa de diversidad funcional visual o ceguera en la provincia Granma. Resultados: fue más efectivo el rastreo y existió motivación en la totalidad de la muestra y en más de la mitad de los casos la agudeza visual mejor corregida de cerca aumentó, la velocidad de lectura mejoró, desapareció la fatiga, existió una adecuada autoestima y buena inserción social. Conclusiones: todo esto evidencia que dicha rehabilitación mejora la capacidad visual y propicia una mayor calidad de vida(AU)
Introduction: age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative disease of the retina, which causes loss of central vision in individuals older than 50 years. It is considered one of the most common causes of vision loss in Western countries and in developed countries it is the most frequent cause of low vision. Objective: to describe the behavior of visual rehabilitation, by performing fixation and localization exercises, in these patients. Method: a retrospective descriptive observational study was conducted in patients with age-related macular degeneration and visual functional diversity treated in low vision consultation of Granma province during February 2017 to January 2018; Macular degeneration associated with age is the second cause of visual functional diversity or blindness in the Granma province. Results: the tracking was more effective and there was motivation in the whole sample and in more than half of the cases the best corrected visual acuity increased, the reading speed improved, the fatigue disappeared, there was an adequate self-esteem and good Social insertion. Conclusions: all this shows that said rehabilitation improves visual capacity and promotes a higher quality of life(EU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Terapia por Ejercicio , Degeneración Macular/rehabilitación , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios Observacionales como AsuntoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To report a cohort with optic disk pit maculopathy (ODPM) presenting with neurosensory macular detachment that were initially misdiagnosed and mistreated; and to describe structural features on spectral domain optical coherence tomography in misdiagnosed and all other consecutive cases of ODPM. METHODS: Multicenter international retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: 59 eyes from 59 patients with ODPM. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: 1) Proportion of patients with ODPM initially misdiagnosed, inaccurate diagnosis and treatment. 2) Morphologic features on spectral domain optical coherence tomography: other causes of subretinal and/or intraretinal fluid, inner/outer retinoschisis, communication with optic disk pit, and retinal pigment epithelium alterations. 3) Visual and anatomical outcomes 6 months after proper treatment. RESULTS: Fifteen patients (25.4%) with ODPM were correctly diagnosed initially and those were significantly younger than misdiagnosed cases (age 33.8 ± 15.2 vs. 58.7 ± 15.8 years, P < 0.0001). Forty of forty-four misdiagnosed eyes (90.9%) were treated for their presumed diagnosis before referral. Eyes with initial misdiagnosis had significantly more outer retinoschisis at baseline (88.4 vs. 40.0%, P = 0.0002) and more retinal pigment epithelium alterations (90.0 vs. 27.3%, P < 0.0001) 6 months after proper treatment. CONCLUSION: Optic disk pit maculopathy is an underdiagnosed entity and can mimic other causes for subretinal fluid. Awareness and identification of pertinent spectral domain optical coherence tomography features can help avoid inappropriate and delayed treatment.
Asunto(s)
Anomalías del Ojo/patología , Mácula Lútea/patología , Degeneración Macular/diagnóstico , Disco Óptico/anomalías , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anomalías del Ojo/complicaciones , Femenino , Humanos , Degeneración Macular/etiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Disco Óptico/patología , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Brindar recomendaciones y puntos de buenas prácticas clínicas basadas en evidencia para el adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento de los pacientes con degenaración macular relacionada con la edad (DMRE), contestando a las siguientes preguntas: a) En personas mayores de 50 años, ¿cómo se debería diagnosticar y clasificar la DMRE? b) En personas con DMRE, ¿qué intervenciones deben usarse para prevenir la progresión de la enfermedad? c) En personas con DMRE exudativa, ¿se debería utilizar antiangiogénicos para el tratamiento de la enfermedad? d) En personas con DMRE exudativa, ¿se debería utilizar la terapia fotodinámica como tratamiento adyuvante? e) En personas con DMRE exudativa, ¿se debería utilizar corticoides intravítreos como tratamiento adyuvante? f) En personas con DMRE, ¿cuál es la mejor estrategia de seguimiento de la enfermedad?