RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Disaster experiences have long-term effects on disaster preparedness. This study examined the long-term (10-y) effect of disaster severity of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake on survivors' disaster preparedness and the moderating effects of household vulnerability. METHODS: The data were collected in January 2018 covering 30 counties in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas. The dependent variable was survivors' disaster preparedness (including overall, material, knowledge and awareness, and action preparedness) in 2018. Disaster severity included survivors' housing damage and county death rate caused by the earthquake in 2008. Household vulnerability is a set of conditions that negatively affects the ability of people to prepare for and withstand disaster, proxied by households' per-capita income and the highest years of schooling of household members. We performed multivariable linear regression models to answer the research questions. RESULTS: A higher county death rate was associated with better overall preparedness (ß = 0.043; P < 0.05) and knowledge and awareness preparedness (ß = 0.018; P < 0.05), but housing damage was not significantly associated with disaster preparedness. The positive association of county death rate with overall preparedness (ß = -0.065; P < 0.05) becomes weaker when a household has a higher per-capita income. Also, with the household per-capita income increasing, the associations of county death rate with material preparedness (ß = -0.037; P < 0.05) and action preparedness (ß = -0.034; P < 0.01) become weaker. CONCLUSIONS: Disaster severity has positive and long-term effects on survivors' disaster preparedness. Also, the positive and long-term effects are affected by household vulnerability. Specifically, the positive and long-term effects of disaster severity on disaster preparedness are more substantial when a household is more vulnerable.
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Terremotos , Sobrevivientes , Humanos , China/epidemiología , Sobrevivientes/estadística & datos numéricos , Sobrevivientes/psicología , Terremotos/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Defensa Civil/estadística & datos numéricos , Defensa Civil/métodos , Defensa Civil/normas , Planificación en Desastres/métodos , Planificación en Desastres/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: It is of critical importance to determine the factors that contribute to nurses' disaster preparedness. This study aimed to examine nurses' perceptions of disaster preparedness and the factors affecting it. METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted with 464 nurses working in the East Marmara region of Türkiye. The data were collected online using the "Personal Information Form," "The Scale of Perception of Disaster Preparedness on Nurses," and the "Adult Motivation Scale." Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. RESULTS: It was found that nurses possessed a high level of perceived disaster preparedness, influenced by individual disaster preparedness, status of receiving disaster-related training, willingness to respond in the case of a disaster, disaster plan awareness, experience with caring for disaster victims, extrinsic motivation, and general motivation. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study offer evidence that can be implemented by managers and educators to better prepare nurses for disasters. Hospital administrators and policy makers should consider the factors affecting nurses' perception of disaster preparedness to develop solutions for such disasters.
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Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Adulto , Femenino , Masculino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/psicología , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/estadística & datos numéricos , Turquía , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Persona de Mediana Edad , Percepción , Planificación en Desastres/métodos , Defensa Civil/métodos , Defensa Civil/estadística & datos numéricos , MotivaciónRESUMEN
Lagos state remains the epicenter of COVID-19 infection in Nigeria. To facilitate the emergency preparedness and response to COVID-19, the State Governor and Incident Commander constituted a Think Tank comprising 13 experts from various disciplines committed to the health of the public. The Think Tank assisted the government with decision-making strategies and supported the emergency operation centre (EOC) for the COVID-19 response. Their main achievements were developing frameworks for decision-making and strategies for phased easing of the State-wide lockdown. The challenges encountered were that it was often viewed as a parallel structure to the EOC and separated from the traditional civil service structure; causing some reluctance to implement ideas generated by the Think Tank. Nevertheless, the Think Tank played an important role during the COVID-19 pandemic; the lessons learned might help other states and resource-limited countries wishing to adopt this approach to emergency response.
RésuméL'État de Lagos reste l'épicentre de l'infection au COVID-19 au Nigeria. Pour faciliter la préparation et la réponse aux situations d'urgence (EPR) face au COVID-19, le gouverneur de l'État a constitué un groupe de réflexion composé de 13 experts de diverses disciplines. Le concept du groupe de réflexion était d'impliquer le secteur privé et le milieu universitaire dans la réponse COVID de l'État de Lagos, reconnaissant qu'un résultat réussi de l'EPR nécessite une expertise dont certaines n'existaient pas au sein de la fonction publique. Le Think Tank a aidé le gouvernement à élaborer des stratégies de prise de décision et a soutenu le centre des opérations d'urgence (COU) pour la réponse à la COVID-19. Leurs principales réalisations ont été l'élaboration de cadres de prise de décision et de stratégies d'assouplissement progressif du confinement à l'échelle de l'État. Les défis rencontrés étaient qu'il était souvent considéré comme une structure parallèle à l'EOC et séparé de la structure traditionnelle de la fonction publique; provoquant une certaine réticence à mettre en Åuvre les idées générées. Le groupe de réflexion de l'État de Lagos a démontré un modèle réussi de partenariat public-privé dans le domaine de la santé mis en Åuvre par une diversité d'acteurs dans des secteurs critiques. Cela pourrait être considéré comme un modèle utile pour faire face à une myriade de crises similaires auxquelles le secteur de la santé est souvent confronté. Les enseignements tirés pourraient aider d'autres États et pays aux ressources limitées souhaitant adopter cette approche dans les interventions d'urgence.
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COVID-19 , Toma de Decisiones , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Nigeria/epidemiología , Pandemias/prevención & control , Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles/métodos , Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles/organización & administración , Defensa Civil/organización & administración , Defensa Civil/métodosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine factors predicting emergency preparedness (EP) behaviors among Hawaii parents. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey of parents of children (age 0-12 y) living in Honolulu, Hawaii, in March 2023 examined associations with (1) having an EP kit (supplies for use during emergencies) and (2) having a family emergency plan (what to do, where to go, how to communicate during emergencies) with demographics/household characteristics and theoretical constructs of the Health Belief Model. A multivariable regression model obtained odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Participants (N = 278) were mainly female (84%), college-educated (68%), and were similar in diverse racial/ethnic composure (White; 13.3%) to the overall Honolulu County. Logistic regression determined participants with lower perceived susceptibility to disasters, greater time barriers, and those who needed help to prepare for emergencies were less likely to have an EP kit. Among participants without an EP kit, a website able to create personalized instructions for household EP would be useful. Participants who needed help to prepare for emergencies were less likely to have a family emergency plan. CONCLUSIONS: Future interventions should focus on evidence-based strategies that improve self-efficacy associated with developing EP kits and family emergency plans.
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Defensa Civil , Padres , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Hawaii , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Defensa Civil/estadística & datos numéricos , Defensa Civil/métodos , Defensa Civil/normas , Padres/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Preescolar , Niño , Lactante , Modelos LogísticosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to reveal the relationship between nursing students' disaster response self-efficacy and their disaster preparedness perceptions. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on nursing students after a major earthquake that occurred in Turkey on February 6, 2023 (n = 302). Data collection took place from June 2023 to October 2023, using the Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Scale (DRSES) and Disaster Preparedness Perception Scale (DPPS). Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Nursing students' DRSES mean score was 63.35 ± 10.83 (moderate level) and DPPS mean score was 3.41 ± 0.50 (high level). A positive and moderate correlation was found between nursing students' DRSES and DPPS scores (r = 0.515; P = 0.000). Predictors affecting nursing students' disaster preparedness are disaster response self-efficacy score, being male, and making a family disaster plan. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study highlight the importance of increasing the disaster response self-efficacy needed by nursing students to successfully assist patients in disaster situations.
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Terremotos , Autoeficacia , Estudiantes de Enfermería , Humanos , Estudiantes de Enfermería/psicología , Estudiantes de Enfermería/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Estudios Transversales , Turquía , Femenino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Terremotos/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Defensa Civil/métodos , Defensa Civil/estadística & datos numéricos , Defensa Civil/normas , Planificación en Desastres/métodos , Psicometría/instrumentación , Psicometría/métodosAsunto(s)
Medicina de Desastres , Salud Pública , Humanos , Medicina de Desastres/métodos , Medicina de Desastres/tendencias , Salud Pública/métodos , Salud Pública/tendencias , Política , Planificación en Desastres/métodos , Planificación en Desastres/tendencias , Empoderamiento , Defensa Civil/métodos , Defensa Civil/tendenciasRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify the Jordanian nurses' perception of their disaster preparedness and core competencies. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional research design was used. The data was collected via an online self-reported questionnaire using the disaster preparedness evaluation tool and the core disaster competencies tool. RESULTS: A total of 126 nurses participated in the study. Jordanian nurses had moderate to high levels of core disaster competencies and moderate levels of disaster preparedness. Core disaster competencies and disaster preparedness levels differed based on previous training on disaster preparedness, and the availability of an established emergency plan in their hospitals. Lastly, a previous training on disaster preparedness and core disaster competencies were statistically significant predictors of disaster preparedness among Jordanian nurses. CONCLUSIONS: Organizational factors and environmental contexts play a role in the development of such capabilities. Future research should focus on understanding the barriers and facilitators of developing core disaster competencies and disaster preparedness among nurses.
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Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Percepción , Humanos , Jordania , Estudios Transversales , Adulto , Femenino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Masculino , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/psicología , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/normas , Planificación en Desastres/métodos , Planificación en Desastres/normas , Persona de Mediana Edad , Defensa Civil/normas , Defensa Civil/métodos , Competencia Clínica/normas , Competencia Clínica/estadística & datos numéricos , Actitud del Personal de SaludRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There is widespread use of emergency preparedness drills in public K-12 schools across the US, but considerable variability exists in the types of protocols used and how these practices are conducted. This review examines research into both "lockdown drills" and "active shooter drills" as it relates to their impact on participants across different outcomes and evaluations of their procedural integrity. RECENT FINDINGS: A number of studies on lockdown drills yielded largely consistent findings about their impacts, whereas findings related to the effects of active shooter drills are less uniform. The research also demonstrated that lockdown drills, though not active shooter drills, can help participants build skill mastery to be able to successfully deploy the procedure. Differences in how drills impact participants and whether they cultivate skill mastery are largely attributable to the type of drill being conducted. This review suggests that employing clearly defined drill procedures incorporating best practices, coupled with instructional training, can help schools prepare for emergencies without creating trauma for participants.
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Defensa Civil , Incidentes con Víctimas en Masa , Instituciones Académicas , Humanos , Defensa Civil/métodos , Planificación en Desastres/métodos , Planificación en Desastres/organización & administración , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/prevención & control , Violencia con Armas/prevención & control , Eventos de Tiroteos MasivosRESUMEN
The Accident Reporting and Guiding Operational System (ARGOS) is a decision support system used to assist in the Emergency Preparedness and Response (EPR) to nuclear and radiological incidents. The ARGOS user group has been formed that is made up of government agencies across many countries that have a role in EPR to nuclear and radiological incidents. In 2020, a desktop exercise was organised for the members of the ARGOS user group. The exercise involved two hypothetical accidents at different times on the same date, namely a radiological release from a floating nuclear power plant (NPP) off the Norwegian coast and from the Loviisa NPP in Finland. The objectives of the exercise were to train and increase knowledge of the ARGOS system, to perform a comparison of model outputs, and to compare the recommendations of protective actions. In the case of the floating NPP the source term was provided, while in the Loviisa NPP scenario the participants were required to provide their own source term based on a description of the accident. The results on radiological consequences based on dispersion modelling, protective actions, source terms and dispersion modelling settings were collected from participants. A comparison was made between each of these reported aspects. In general, it was found that there was general agreement between the results for the floating nuclear power plant scenario in the sense of plume direction and extent, while in the case of the Loviisa NPP scenario, there was much greater variation, with the difference in source term estimates between the participants being an influencing factor. The participants acknowledged that taking part in an exercise of this nature increased their knowledge and understanding about using decision support tools such as ARGOS in planning and responding to nuclear and radiological emergencies.
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Defensa Civil , Monitoreo de Radiación , Liberación de Radiactividad Peligrosa , Humanos , Defensa Civil/métodos , Plantas de Energía Nuclear , FinlandiaRESUMEN
Mass Casualty Incidents recently increased in intensity and frequency at an unprecedented rate globally. On August 4, 2020, a massive blast hit the Port of Beirut severely damaging its healthcare sector. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of the Beirut blast on acute care hospitals in the Beirut area, with a focus on understanding healthcare professionals' (HCPs) responses and encountered challenges. A qualitative research design method was adopted to evaluate the experiences of HCPs at acute hospitals located within 5 kilometers of the blast epicenter. 9 hospitals participated in the study. 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informant HCPs using a designed interview guide. HCPs reported severe infrastructural damages in their corresponding hospitals, and 2 were completely non-functional post-blast. Other than physical injuries sustained by HCPs, the blast imposed substantial strains on their mental health, exacerbated by the ongoing socio-economic crises in Lebanon. Moreover, the findings revealed critical challenges which hindered hospitals' emergency responses at the level of communication, coordination, and human resources, as well as supplies. Participants urged for the need to conduct proper triage, arrange emergency operating centers, and deploy outdoor treatment tents among others, to effectively respond to future disasters. The Beirut blast overwhelmed the Lebanese healthcare system and challenged its level of emergency preparedness. This generated evidence to address the deficiencies and strengthen the existing hospitals' emergency response plans. Future efforts should include prioritizing hospitals' emergency preparedness to ensure the provision of care at increased capacity following the impact of a large-scale disaster.
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Defensa Civil , Planificación en Desastres , Incidentes con Víctimas en Masa , Humanos , Defensa Civil/métodos , Triaje/métodos , HospitalesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: A systematic review was conducted with the aims of identifying sectors mentioned in the public health emergency preparedness and response (PHEPR) literature and mapping the involvement of those sectors in the seven PHEPR cycle domains. SETTING: A detailed search strategy was conducted in Embase and Scopus, covering the period between 1 January 2005 and 1 January 2020. METHODS: Published articles focusing on preparedness for and/or response to public health emergencies of multiple origins on the European continent were included. The frequency with which predetermined sectors were mentioned when describing collaboration during the preparedness and response cycle was determined. RESULTS: The results show that description of the involvement of sectors in PHEPR in general and collaboration during PHEPR is predominantly confined to a limited number of sectors, namely 'Governmental institutions', 'Human health industry', 'Experts' and 'Civil Society'. Description is also limited to only three domains of the PHEPR cycle, namely 'Risk and crisis management', 'Pre-event preparations and governance' and 'Surveillance'. CONCLUSIONS: Optimal preparedness and response require predefined collaboration with a broader scope of partners than currently seems to be the case based on this literature review. We recommend considering these outcomes when planning multisectoral collaboration during preparedness and response, as well as the need to further operationalise the term 'multisectoral collaboration' during PHEPRs. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO with registration number 176 331.
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Defensa Civil , Humanos , Defensa Civil/métodos , Salud Pública/métodosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Health-Care Coalitions (HCCs) provide an important emergency response safety net function across the United States in preparedness and responses to disasters. A key challenge is the variation in the maturity and operational readiness of HCCs. The purpose of this study was to identify key tenets that define high-functioning HCCs and help mature HCCs into a higher-functioning state of operations. METHODS: This was a qualitative study based on grounded theory methodology using semi-structured interviews for data collection and thematic analysis. Participants were stakeholders (n = 39) of HCCs from across the United States at local, state, and federal levels. RESULTS: Through an institutional logics lens, the 3 key attributes for high functioning-HCCs were identified as (1) having an established and growing partnership, (2) being value-driven culture, and (3) being response ready. In addition, 3 logics were deemed essential for guiding HCCs: sources of governance, sources of partner engagement, and sources of sustainability. Participant responses describe the importance of these attributes and logics in influencing decision-making processes, supporting a community's resilience during a disaster, and fostering robust relationships among community partners. CONCLUSIONS: Addressing these attributes and logics in planning and management of HCCs can help establish the foundation for partner collaborations and high-functioning HCCs.
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Defensa Civil , Planificación en Desastres , Humanos , Estados Unidos , Defensa Civil/métodos , Planificación en Desastres/métodos , Liderazgo , Conducta Cooperativa , Investigación CualitativaRESUMEN
Efficiency is an essential part of sustainable healthcare, especially in emergency and acute care (including surgical) settings. Waste minimisation, streamlined processes, and lean principles are all important for responsible stewardship of finite health resources. However, the promotion of efficiency above all else has effectively subordinated preparedness as a form of waste. Investment in preparedness is an essential part of resilient healthcare. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the gap between efficient processes and resilient systems in many health settings. In anticipation of future pandemics, natural disasters, and mass casualty incidents, health systems, and individual healthcare workers, must prioritise preparedness to be ready for the unexpected or for crises. This requires a reframing of priorities to view preparedness as crucial insurance against system failure during disasters, by taking advantage of lessons learnt preparing for war and mass casualty incidents.
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COVID-19/terapia , Defensa Civil/métodos , Atención a la Salud/métodos , Personal de Salud , Incidentes con Víctimas en Masa/prevención & control , COVID-19/epidemiología , Defensa Civil/tendencias , Atención a la Salud/tendencias , Personal de Salud/tendencias , HumanosRESUMEN
With healthcare systems rapidly becoming overwhelmed and occupied by patients during a pandemic, effective and safe care for patients is easily compromised. During the course of the current pandemic, numerous treatment guidelines have been developed and published that have improved care for patients with COVID-19. Certain lessons have only been learned during the course of the outbreak, from which we can learn for future pandemics. This editorial aims to raise awareness about the importance of timely stockpiling of sufficient amounts of personal protection equipment and medications, adequate oxygen supplies, uninterrupted electricity, and fair locally adapted triage strategies.
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COVID-19/terapia , Defensa Civil/métodos , Incidentes con Víctimas en Masa/prevención & control , Triaje/métodos , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Atención a la Salud/métodos , Salud Global , Humanos , Equipo de Protección PersonalRESUMEN
While COVID-19 is still ongoing and associated with more than 5 million deaths, the scope and speed of advances over the past year in terms of scientific discovery, data dissemination, and technology have been staggering. It is not a matter of "if" but "when" we will face the next pandemic, and how we leverage technology and data management effectively to create flexible ecosystems that facilitate collaboration, equitable care, and innovation will determine its severity and scale. The aim of this review is to address emerging challenges that came to light during the pandemic in health care and innovations that enabled us to adapt and continue to care for patients. The pandemic highlighted the need for seismic shifts in care paradigms and technology with considerations related to the digital divide and health literacy for digital health interventions to reach full potential and improve health outcomes. We discuss advances in telemedicine, remote patient monitoring, and emerging wearable technologies. Despite the promise of digital health, we emphasise the importance of addressing its limitations, including interpretation challenges, accuracy of findings, and artificial intelligence-driven algorithms. We summarise the most recent recommendation of the Virtual Care Task Force to scaling virtual medical services in Canada. Finally, we propose a model for optimal implementation of health digital innovations with 5 tenets including data management, data security, digital biomarkers, useful artificial intelligence, and clinical integration.
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Tecnología Biomédica , Defensa Civil/métodos , Telemedicina/métodos , Inteligencia Artificial , Tecnología Biomédica/normas , Tecnología Biomédica/tendencias , COVID-19/epidemiología , Tecnología Digital , Humanos , Mejoramiento de la Calidad , SARS-CoV-2Asunto(s)
COVID-19/epidemiología , Defensa Civil , Personal de Salud , Necesidades y Demandas de Servicios de Salud , Hospitales , Incidentes con Víctimas en Masa , Defensa Civil/métodos , Defensa Civil/organización & administración , Personal de Salud/ética , Personal de Salud/psicología , Humanos , Líbano , Resiliencia Psicológica , SARS-CoV-2 , Responsabilidad SocialRESUMEN
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has thoroughly and deeply affected the provision of healthcare services worldwide. In order to limit the in-hospital infections and to redistribute the healthcare professionals, cardiac percutaneous intervention in Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Disease (ACHD) patients were limited to urgent or emergency ones. The aim of this article is to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Pediatric and ACHD cath laboratory activity during the so-called 'hard lockdown' in Italy. Eleven out of 12 Italian institutions with a dedicated Invasive Cardiology Unit in Congenital Heart Disease actively participated in the survey. The interventional cardiology activity was reduced by more than 50% in 6 out of 11 centers. Adolescent and ACHD patients suffered the highest rate of reduction. There was an evident discrepancy in the management of the hard lockdown, irrespective of the number of COVID-19 positive cases registered, with a higher reduction in Southern Italy compared with the most affected regions (Lombardy, Piedmont, Veneto and Emilia Romagna). Although the pandemic was brilliantly addressed in most cases, we recognize the necessity for planning new, and hopefully homogeneous, strategies in order to be prepared for an upcoming new outbreak.
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COVID-19 , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardíacos , Servicios Médicos de Urgencia , Cardiopatías Congénitas , Control de Infecciones , Gestión de Riesgos/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , COVID-19/transmisión , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardíacos/métodos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardíacos/estadística & datos numéricos , Defensa Civil/métodos , Defensa Civil/tendencias , Transmisión de Enfermedad Infecciosa/prevención & control , Servicios Médicos de Urgencia/métodos , Servicios Médicos de Urgencia/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Cardiopatías Congénitas/epidemiología , Cardiopatías Congénitas/cirugía , Humanos , Control de Infecciones/métodos , Control de Infecciones/organización & administración , Italia/epidemiología , Masculino , Innovación Organizacional , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
Hospitals face catastrophic financial challenges in light of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Acute shortages in materials such as masks, ventilators, intensive care unit capacity, and personal protective equipment (PPE) are a significant concern. The future success of supply chain management involves increasing the transparency of where our raw materials are sourced, diversifying of our product resources, and improving our technology that is able to predict potential shortages. It is also important to develop a proactive budgeting strategy to meet supply demands through early designation of dependable roles to support organizations and through the education of healthcare staff. In this paper, we discuss supply chain management, governance and financing, emergency protocols, including emergency procurement and supply chain, supply chain gaps and how to address them, and the importance of communication in the times of crisis.
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COVID-19/terapia , Gestión de Recursos de Personal en Salud/métodos , Equipos y Suministros de Hospitales/provisión & distribución , Equipo de Protección Personal/provisión & distribución , COVID-19/economía , COVID-19/epidemiología , Defensa Civil/economía , Defensa Civil/métodos , Gestión de Recursos de Personal en Salud/economía , Equipos y Suministros de Hospitales/economía , Humanos , Equipo de Protección Personal/economíaRESUMEN
The built environment has been integral to response to the global pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In particular, engineering controls to mitigate risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and other newly emergent respiratory pathogens in the future will be important. Anticipating emergence from this pandemic, or at least adaptation given increasing administration of effective vaccines, and the safety of patients, personnel, and others in health care facilities remain the core goals. This article summarizes known risks and highlights prevention strategies for daily care as well as response to emergent infectious diseases and this parapandemic phase.