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Carney described a disorder characterized by the presence of several uncommon tumors which were pulmonary chondromas, gastric sarcomas and extra-adrenal paragangliomas. We report a 14 year-old girl in whom multiple gastric tumors were discovered during a study of an iron deficiency anemia and was subjected to a partial gastrectomy. At 25 years of age, she developed several pulmonary chondromas and at 33 years, a mediastinal tumor with features of an extra-adrenal paraganglioma was found. At 35 years of age, a total gastrectomy was performed to remove a gastrointestinal stromal tumor with excision of peritoneal and lymph node metastasis. One year later, the patient died due to liver failure secondary to liver metastases.

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Carney described a disorder characterized by the presence of several uncommon tumors which were pulmonary chondromas, gastric sarcomas and extra-adrenal paragangliomas. We report a 14 year-old girl in whom multiple gastric tumors were discovered during a study of an iron deficiency anemia and was subjected to a partial gastrectomy. At 25 years of age, she developed several pulmonary chondromas and at 33 years, a mediastinal tumor with features of an extra-adrenal paraganglioma was found. At 35 years of age, a total gastrectomy was performed to remove a gastrointestinal stromal tumor with excision of peritoneal and lymph node metastasis. One year later, the patient died due to liver failure secondary to liver metastases.

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Los tumores condroides de la laringe son poco frecuentes, y generalmente se ubican en el cartílago cricoides. El tratamiento de elección es quirúrgico, con buen pronóstico general. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 60 años con historia de disfonía. El estudio nasofaringolaringofibroscópico revela una masa laríngea supraglótica. Las imágenes son compatibles con una lesión del cartílago tiroides. La biopsia obtenida por microlaringoscopía directa informa tumor compatible con condroma. Se realiza una resección completa de la masa por abordaje externo, la biopsia corrobora el diagnóstico de tumor condroide de bajo grado. Se describe esta patología mediante revisión bibliográfica.

Chondroid tumors of the larynx are uncommon, and usually located in the cricoid cartilage. Surgery is the treatment of choice, with good prognosis in general. We report the case of a 60-year-old man consulting for dysphonia. The nasopharyngolaryngoscopy showed a supraglottic laryngeal mass. The images were compatible with a thyroid cartilage lesion. The biopsy sample obtained by direct microlaryngoscopy was consistent with a condroma. A complete excision of the lesion was performed by external approach and the biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of a low grade chondroid tumor. We present a review of chondroid tumors of the larynx based on available literature.

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Enchondroma is the most common primary bone tumor of the hand. This benign, cartilaginous tumor often presents as a pathologic fracture. When hand enchondroma is suspected, less common conditions, such as multiple enchondromatosis syndromes and benign and malignant lesions, should be ruled out. Surgical management with curettage is the standard of care for symptomatic lesions. However, controversy surrounds the timing of surgery for pathologic fractures and the use of surgical adjuncts and postcurettage void management. Microscopically distinguishing hand enchondroma from low-grade hand chondrosarcoma is a diagnostic challenge for pathologists, but the primary surgical treatment for both conditions is curettage because the latter has a low metastatic potential. Postoperative complications are typically joint stiffness and soft-tissue[FIGURE DASH]related deformities, whereas recurrence and malignant degeneration of solitary lesions are much less common. Most patients return to full function after surgery.

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Chondromas are a benign cartilaginous tumor that account for approximately 0.5% of primary intracranial tumors. They usually arise from the synchondrosis of the skull base, being rarely reported elsewhere (dura convexity, falx, or even intraparenchymal). Because they are very rare tumors sharing clinical behavior and imagiological similarities with the much more common meningioma, the clinical diagnosis is frequently mistaken after an initial imaging workup. The authors present a case of a 48-year-old woman, with frequent headaches and an extra-axial tumor arising from the anterior falx, initially diagnosed as a meningioma.

Condromas são tumores cartilaginosos benignos que correspondem por aproximadamente 0,5% dos tumores primários intracranianos. Eles geralmente surgem da sincondrose da base do crânio, sendo raramente registrados em outros locais como a convexidade dural, a foice, até mesmo no parênquima cerebral. Por serem tumores muito raros que compartilham comportamento clínico e imagiológico com meningiomas, o diagnóstico é frequentemente confundido após exame de imagem inicial. Os autores apresentam o caso de uma mulher de 48 anos, com cefaleia frequente e um tumor extra-axial ascendendo da foice anterior, inicialmente diagnosticado como um meningioma.

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This is a case report of a 55-year-old woman who was treated with a hemicorporectomy consequent to an invasive undifferentiated sacral chordoma. We describe the clinical course and rehabilitation process in an amputee outpatient clinic and report outcome measures such as the modified Functional Reach Test, the Amputee Mobility Predictor, the Functional Independence Measure, and the Short-Form Health Survey after 9 months of rehabilitation.

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Los encondromas óseos pueden ser únicos o múltiples. Los únicos no son raros y pueden constituir un hallazgo. Surgen en el interior del hueso, casi siempre en zonas de osificación endocondrial. Cuando los condromas o encondromas se transforman en lesiones múltiples se trata de una encondromatosis, que compromete varios huesos. Se habla de enfermedad de Ollier cuando una encondromatosis múltiple compromete solamente un hemicuerpo, es decir, en la encondromatosis unilateral. La principal complicación de los encondromas es su transformación maligna a condrosarcomas, que puede llegar a presentarse hasta en el 25 por ciento de los casos. Se reporta el caso clínico de un prescolar de 4 años con diagnóstico de encondromatosis única, que fue remitido a la consulta de oncología pediátrica por deformidad del segundo dedo de la mano derecha(AU)

Enchondromas can be unique or multiple. The unique ones are not rare and could be considered as a discovery. They are developed inside the bone, mainly in endochondrial areas. When the enchondromas transform into multiple injury so, there is an enchondromatosis that includes several bones. Olliers disease is when a multiple enchondromatosis involves just the half of the body, it means in the unilateral enchondromatosis. The main complication of enchondromas is their malignant transformation to secondary chondrosarcomas, which may occur in up to 25 percent of cases. It was presented a clinical case of a 4-years-old patient with unique enchondromatosis diagnosis who was submitted to the pediatric onchology consultation due to a 2nd grade malformation on the right hand(AU)

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El condroma es una neoplasia benigna, de origen mesenquimatoso, constituida por tejido cartilaginoso, que en el área maxilofacial es rara. Su sitio más frecuente en el complejo craneofacial es la estructura ósea maxilar o mandibular, aunque también se han descrito condromas de los tejidos blandos. Clínicamente se presenta como una lesión de crecimiento lento, asintomático, no dolorosa, de consistencia duro elástica, con una gradual expansión. El tratamiento de elección es la resección quirúrgica. Se tuvo como objetivo publicar esta infrecuente ubicación de la neoplasia por la dificultad que se presenta al diagnóstico diferencial. Presentamos un caso clínico de un tumor localizado en el lóbulo profundo de la glándula parótida, cuyo diagnóstico inicial, tras la citología por aspiración con aguja fina, fue de adenoma pleomorfo, lo que se comprobó luego por examen histopatológico de la pieza quirúrgica que se trataba de un condroma. Se concluye que ante una tumoración de parótida, siempre debe tenerse en cuenta el condroma en el diagnóstico diferencial(AU)

The chondroma is a benign tumor of mesenchymal origin, consisted of a cartilaginous tissue, and occurs rarely in the maxillofacial area. Its most frequent site in the craniofacial complex is the maxillary bony structure, although chondromas of the soft tissues have also been described in the literature. From the clinical viewpoint, it appears as a painless, hard elastic lesion of slow asymptomatic growth, with gradual expansion. The treatment of choice is surgery. This paper presented a clinical case of a tumor located in the deep lobe of the parotid gland. The initial diagnosis, after the fine needle aspiration test, was pleomorphic adenoma, which was then subjected to histopathologic testing to obtain the final diagnosis of chondroma. Concluding that although uncommon in this localization, it should always be kept in mind as possible diagnosis. It was concluded that when facing an uncommon parotid tumor, one must take into account the possibility of a chondroma in the differential diagnosis(AU)

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We report two patients with simultaneous lesions about the knee; a traumatic injury (acute anterior cruciate ligament rupture) and a musculoskeletal tumour; that may be particularly misleading for the treating surgeon.

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Introdução: Os tumores cartilaginosos da laringe são raros, compreendendo 1% de todos os tumores cartilaginosos. O condroma é tumor benigno mais comum acometendo a cartilagem cricóide da laringe (75%), manifestando-se comumente no gênero masculino, com disfonia, dispnéia progressiva e disfagia em alguns casos. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de condroma de cartilagem cricóide, em paciente com sintoma de lesão nodular em região cervical anterior, de crescimento lento e progressivo. Relato do Caso: O tratamento foi a laringectomia parcial modificada, com ressecção do hemisegmento inferior da cartilagem tireóide, hemicartilagem cricóide e primeiro anel traqueal com margens livres e reconstrução com de retalho de pericôndrio e muscular pré-tireoideano. O exame anátomo-patológico demonstrou condroma de 1,1 cm, de baixa celularidade e baixas figuras de mitose atipicamente na região anterior da cartilagem cricóide. Conclusão: Neste relato concordamos com a literatura para o tratamento primariamente cirúrgico, de extensão dependendo da localização e do tamanho do condroma de cricóide, porém outras modalidades de tratamento podem ser adotadas nos casos onde a extensão tumoral indique a laringectomia total ou quando esta não é passível de realização, visando à preservação da laringe. Para o tratamento adequado de condromas de cricóide e entendimento da evolução natural da doença mais relatos de casos ainda são necessários.

Introduction: The larynx cartilaginous tumors are uncommon and comprise 1% of all cartilaginous tumors. The chondroma is the most common benign tumor affecting the larynx cricoid cartilage (75%), and manifests normally in the male gender with dysphonia, progressive dyspnea and dysphagy in some cases. Objective: The objective of this study is to report a case of cricoid cartilage chondroma, in a patient with the symptom of a nodular lesion in the frontal cervical region of slow and progressive growth. Case Report: The treatment was the modified partial laryngectomy with resection of the lower hemisegment of the thyroid cartilage, cricoid hemicartilage and the first tracheal ring with free margins and reconstruction with a pericondrium and muscular prethyroidean piece. The anatomopathological exam showed a chondroma of 1.1 cm, of atypical low cellularity and low figures of mitosis in the frontal region of the cricoid cartilage. Conclusion: In this report we agreed with the literature for the primarily extensive surgical treatment depending on the location and the size of the cricoid chondroma; however, other modalities of treatment may be adopted in cases where the tumor extension appoints a total laryngectomy or when this is not possible to carry out, aiming at the preservation of the larynx. For the suitable treatment of cricoid chondromas, the understanding of the disease natural evolution and more case reports are still necessary.

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Se presenta un caso de condroma extra esquelético de pabellón auricular, en un paciente de sexo masculino de 11 años de edad, cuyo inicio fue dos años antes de la consulta en 1999, permaneciendo estable hasta la actualidad. Se consideran los diferentes diagnósticos diferenciales clínicos e histológicos, características evolutivas y el tratamiento del tumor.

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BACKGROUND: Extraosseous chondromas are cartilaginous tissue tumors with a nodular appearance on the hands and feet. There are reports of these tumors occurring on the knee, neck, back, liver and testis and in the oral cavity. Occurrence in the pelvis is generally rare. The origin is metaplastic and may be mesenchymal or subcelomic. Treatment is by surgery and requires removing the tumor with a safety margin. Recurrences are infrequent, and distant metastasis has never been reported. CASE: An 11-year-old girl was referred for a painless solid tumor located on the mons pubis. Surgical removal of the tumor with a safety margin was performed. Macroscopically, the tumor was shiny when cut open and yellowish. Microscopic examination revealed a very distinct cartilage-forming tumor compatible with extraosseous chondroma. Two years after the operation, the patient had no recurrence. CONCLUSION: Extraosseous chondroma is a rare benign tumor. Finding it in children is even less frequent, and localization in the vulvar region has never before been reported. This appears to be the first such report of this type of tumor in this region and age range.

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Se presenta un caso con el diagnóstico de Condroma yuxtacortical o perióstico en región máxilo malar derecha. El paciente del sexo masculino, la raza blanca y 70 años de edad acudió a la consulta externa del Hospital General Docente Julio M. Aristegui Villamil de Cárdenas, refiriendo aumento de volumen de un año de evolución, asintomático en sus primeros 8 a 9 meses, pero en lo adelante el dolor constituyó un síntoma presente. Se procedió al estudio preoperatorio y tratamiento quirúrgico. A través de una incisión de Ferguson se realizó la exéresis sin complicaciones transoperatorias. El diagnóstico histopatológico fue de Condroma perióstico, y su evolución postoperatoria fue satisfactoria. Los Condromas periósticos faciales son tumores sumamente raros y su terapéutica todo un reto por las secuelas deformantes y recidivas descritas en la literatura, por lo que decidimos su publicación...(AU)

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The case of young woman with arterial hypertension diagnosed two years before, is here presented; she had a ferropenic anemia caused by digestive loss of blood. Multiple gastric tumors and pararenal non functioning paraganglioma were found. No chondromas were detected. An incomplete Carney's Triad was diagnosed. We remark that multiple gastric tumors in a young adult suggest the possibility of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) Endoscopic biopsy frequently is not effective because these tumors are deep placed in the muscular gastric layers. The importance of specific techniques for a positive diagnosis are emphasized. Continuous follow up is needed because these tumors have uncertain prognosis. Lung chondromas may appear years later after the GIST was removed and might be confused with GIST metastases.

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Se presenta una el caso de paciente joven, con tríada de Carney incompleta que cursa hipertensión arterial de dos años de evolución y anemia ferropénica grave por pérdida crónica de sangre por tubo digestivo, con tumores gástricos múltiples y paraganglioma pararrenal. No presenta aún desarrollo de condromas pulmonares visibles por tomografía axial computada. En nuestra paciente el paraganglioma no resultó funcionante. Resaltamos que la presencia de tumores gástricos múltiples en un adulto joven debe sugerir la posibilidad de tumores estromales (GIST), cuyo diagnóstico por biopsia endoscópica es difícil debido a su localización profunda, situada en las capas musculares de la pared gástrica. Asimismo queremos remarcar la importancia de las técnicas de marcación descriptas para el diagnóstico preciso. El seguimiento debe ser constante dado el pronóstico incierto de estos tumores. Los condromas pulmonares pueden aparecer años después de la resección del GIST y ser confundidos con metástasis del GIST. (AU)

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Se presenta una el caso de paciente joven, con tríada de Carney incompleta que cursa hipertensión arterial de dos años de evolución y anemia ferropénica grave por pérdida crónica de sangre por tubo digestivo, con tumores gástricos múltiples y paraganglioma pararrenal. No presenta aún desarrollo de condromas pulmonares visibles por tomografía axial computada. En nuestra paciente el paraganglioma no resultó funcionante. Resaltamos que la presencia de tumores gástricos múltiples en un adulto joven debe sugerir la posibilidad de tumores estromales (GIST), cuyo diagnóstico por biopsia endoscópica es difícil debido a su localización profunda, situada en las capas musculares de la pared gástrica. Asimismo queremos remarcar la importancia de las técnicas de marcación descriptas para el diagnóstico preciso. El seguimiento debe ser constante dado el pronóstico incierto de estos tumores. Los condromas pulmonares pueden aparecer años después de la resección del GIST y ser confundidos con metástasis del GIST. (AU)

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Se presenta una el caso de paciente joven, con tríada de Carney incompleta que cursa hipertensión arterial de dos años de evolución y anemia ferropénica grave por pérdida crónica de sangre por tubo digestivo, con tumores gástricos múltiples y paraganglioma pararrenal. No presenta aún desarrollo de condromas pulmonares visibles por tomografía axial computada. En nuestra paciente el paraganglioma no resultó funcionante. Resaltamos que la presencia de tumores gástricos múltiples en un adulto joven debe sugerir la posibilidad de tumores estromales (GIST), cuyo diagnóstico por biopsia endoscópica es difícil debido a su localización profunda, situada en las capas musculares de la pared gástrica. Asimismo queremos remarcar la importancia de las técnicas de marcación descriptas para el diagnóstico preciso. El seguimiento debe ser constante dado el pronóstico incierto de estos tumores. Los condromas pulmonares pueden aparecer años después de la resección del GIST y ser confundidos con metástasis del GIST.

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