RESUMEN
Here we give a critical analysis of the opinion of Andreev (2011) on membrane potential distribution along the pollen tube plasmalemma. He assumes that a lateral gradient of dipole potential exists, but suggests a lateral gradient of transmembrane potential impossible. We demonstrate by concrete examples that the argumentation of the initiator of discussion is based on inaccurate citation of our experimental data (Breygina et al., 2009) and incomplete analysis of previously published articles. Speaking about transmembrane potential, he doesn't consider numerous facts demonstrating the uneven distribution of transmembrane ion fluxes and ion-transport proteins in the pollen tube plasmalemma, as well as data obtained by modeling of transmembrane potential distribution in objects of different shape. In addition, the assumption on the uneven distribution of dipole potential doesn't have an experimental basis neither in studies of the pollen tube, nor in the practice of using fluorescent voltage-sensitive dyes DiBAC4(3) and Di-4-ANEPPS. We are expecting the author to obtain experimental data in support of his position.
Asunto(s)
Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Potenciales de la Membrana/fisiología , Nicotiana/fisiología , Tubo Polínico/metabolismo , Barbitúricos/normas , Colorantes Fluorescentes/normas , Transporte Iónico , Isoxazoles/normas , Polen/fisiología , Tubo Polínico/crecimiento & desarrollo , Compuestos de Piridinio/normasRESUMEN
It is discussed how the methodological quality of systematic reviews of diagnostic tests can be assessed. Different types of diagnostic questions require different types of systematic reviews. Reviews of diagnostic accuracy are important in choosing the best test for diagnostic confirmation, but information on the diagnostic-therapeutic impact is even more relevant. A thorough assessment of whether a new test is worth doing in the clinical setting requires that primary studies and systematic reviews address the impact on changes in management.
Asunto(s)
Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto/normas , Compuestos de Piridinio/normas , Atención a la Salud/normas , Humanos , Garantía de la Calidad de Atención de Salud , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
The influence of some anticholinergic drugs (atropine, benactyzine, biperiden, scopolamine) on the efficacy of antidotal treatment to eliminate soman (O-pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate)-induced disturbance of respiration and circulation and to protect experimental animals poisoned with supralethal dose of soman (1.5 x LD(50)) was investigated in a rat model with on-line monitoring of respiratory and circulatory parameters. While the oxime HI-6 in combination with atropine prevented soman-induced changes in monitored physiological parameters insufficiently and very shortly, the combination of HI-6 with benactyzine or biperiden is able to prevent soman-induced alteration of respiration and circulation much more longer. Nevertheless, only rats treated with HI-6 in combination with scopolamine were fully protected against the lethal toxic effects of soman within 2 h following soman challenge. Our findings confirm that anticholinergic drugs with the strong central antimuscarinic activity, such as benactyzine, biperiden and especially scopolamine, seem to be more effective adjuncts to HI-6 treatment of severe acute soman-induced poisoning than atropine.
Asunto(s)
Antídotos/farmacología , Sustancias para la Guerra Química/toxicidad , Inhibidores de la Colinesterasa/toxicidad , Reactivadores de la Colinesterasa/farmacología , Soman/toxicidad , Animales , Antídotos/normas , Atropina/farmacología , Atropina/normas , Benactizina/farmacología , Benactizina/normas , Biperideno/farmacología , Biperideno/normas , Presión Sanguínea , Reactivadores de la Colinesterasa/normas , Electrocardiografía , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Masculino , Antagonistas Muscarínicos/farmacología , Antagonistas Muscarínicos/normas , Oximas , Compuestos de Piridinio/farmacología , Compuestos de Piridinio/normas , Ratas , Escopolamina/farmacología , Escopolamina/normasRESUMEN
For the primary isolation of Mycobacterium bovis from bovine lesions, 1-hexadecylpyridinium chloride (HPC) at a concentration of 0.75% was as effective as 2% NaOH in controlling the growth of contamination. The advantages of using HPC over NaOH are that it is a rapid one-step procedure not requiring neutralisation with acid, it is less toxic to M. bovis thus increasing isolation rates, and it promotes the earlier appearance of colonies.
Asunto(s)
Cetilpiridinio/normas , Descontaminación/normas , Mycobacterium bovis/aislamiento & purificación , Compuestos de Piridinio/normas , Hidróxido de Sodio/normas , Animales , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Bovinos , Cetilpiridinio/análogos & derivados , Cetilpiridinio/farmacología , Hidróxido de Sodio/farmacología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The toxicological and pharmacological study of a non depolarizing curariform drug AH 8165 was performed under various conditions of storage, duration and temperature (duration: 1 month 2 years; temperature: 4 degrees C to 70 degrees C). It shows that this drug ought to be kept a low temperature for storage (in the range of + 4 degrees C). In the sam way, this study demonstrates a better stability of this drug when stored lyophilized form instead of a solute. The interest of standardized animal experimentation in studying the activity of a therapeutic substance depending on the duration of storage is shown.