RESUMEN
RACIONAL: A colonografia tomográfica computadorizada tem sido proposta como teste substituto da colonoscopia para o diagnóstico de pólipos colorretais em programas de rastreamento de câncer de intestino grosso. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desempenho da colonografia tomográfica computadorizada na detecção de pólipos colorretais, considerando a colonoscopia como padrão-ouro. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 20 pacientes com alto risco para neoplasia colorretal (14 homens e 6 mulheres com idades médias de 55 e 59 anos, respectivamente). A colonografia tomográfica computadorizada foi realizada até 3 horas antes da colonoscopia. Um cateter com balão foi introduzido no reto com insuflação dos cólons e do reto com ar ambiente até que fosse obtida distensão satisfatória dos mesmos. Para otimizar a distensão colônica, minimizar artefatos decorrentes da peristalse e diminuir o espasmo, foram administrados 20 mg de hioscina intravenosa imediatamente antes do exame radiológico. RESULTADOS: A imagem radiológica do cólon foi considerada de qualidade satisfatória em todos os casos. A colonoscopia detectou o total de 85 pólipos em 19 dos 20 pacientes (95 por cento). Todos os pólipos observados foram removidos e encaminhados para exame anatomopatológico. A colonografia tomográfica computadorizada identificou 8 dos 10 pólipos com diâmetros > 10 mm (80 por cento), 2 dos 19 com diâmetro entre 5 e 9 mm (18,2 por cento), e apenas 1 dos 53 <5 mm (9,1 por cento). Dos 43 pólipos adenomatosos, 17 eram > 5 mm. Destes, 8 (47 por cento) foram corretamente identificados pela colonografia tomográfica computadorizada. Nenhuma das neoplasias com diâmetros <5mm foi observada no exame radiológico. Dezenove dos 20 pacientes (95 por cento) submetidos a ambos os testes prefeririam submeter-se a nova colonoscopia, ao invés de uma colonografia tomográfica computadorizada, na eventualidade hipotética de ser necessário repetir um dos dois testes. CONCLUSÃO: Para pacientes com risco aumentado...
BACKGROUND: Computed tomographic colonography has been proposed for detection of colorectal polyps instead of colonoscopy in colorectal cancer screening programs. AIM: To evaluate the performance of computed tomographic colonography in the detection of colorectal polyps with colonoscopy used as the gold standard. METHODS: We prospectively studied 20 patients at high risk for colorectal neoplasia (14 men and 6 women; mean age, 55 years and 59 years). Computed tomographic colonography was performed immediately before colonoscopy. We inserted a rectal balloon catheter and insufflated the colon with room air to the level that a good distension was observed. Twenty milligrams of hioscin was given immediately before computed tomographic imaging of the abdomen and pelvis in order to minimize the degree of smooth-muscle spasm and peristalsis and to reduce the patient's discomfort. RESULTS: Computed tomographic colonography images were considered satisfactory in all cases. Colonoscopy detected 85 polyps in 19 of 20 patients (95 percent). All the observed polyps were successfully removed and examined histologically. The radiological examination correctly identified 8 of 10 polyps 10 mm or more in diameter, 2 of 19 (18,2 percent) with 5-9 mm, and just 1 of 53 <5mm (9,1 percent). Seventeen of the 43 adenomatous polyps were > 5 mm. Eight (47 percent) were correctly identified on computed tomographic colonography. None of the neoplasias <5 mm were identified on colonography. Nineteen patients preferred colonoscopy in the event of having to repeat on of the two examinations. CONCLUSION: For the detection of colorectal polyps, computed tomographic colonography seems to be useful only when the result is positive, as the negative results of this examination cannot eliminate the presence of these lesions.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias del Colon , Pólipos del Colon , Colonografía Tomográfica Computarizada/normas , Colonoscopía/normas , Neoplasias del Recto , Pólipos Adenomatosos , Pólipos del Colon/clasificación , Estudios Prospectivos , Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Computed tomographic colonography has been proposed for detection of colorectal polyps instead of colonoscopy in colorectal cancer screening programs. AIM: To evaluate the performance of computed tomographic colonography in the detection of colorectal polyps with colonoscopy used as the gold standard. METHODS: We prospectively studied 20 patients at high risk for colorectal neoplasia (14 men and 6 women; mean age, 55 years and 59 years). Computed tomographic colonography was performed immediately before colonoscopy. We inserted a rectal balloon catheter and insufflated the colon with room air to the level that a good distension was observed. Twenty milligrams of hioscin was given immediately before computed tomographic imaging of the abdomen and pelvis in order to minimize the degree of smooth-muscle spasm and peristalsis and to reduce the patient's discomfort. RESULTS: Computed tomographic colonography images were considered satisfactory in all cases. Colonoscopy detected 85 polyps in 19 of 20 patients (95%). All the observed polyps were successfully removed and examined histologically. The radiological examination correctly identified 8 of 10 polyps 10 mm or more in diameter, 2 of 19 (18,2%) with 5-9 mm, and just 1 of 53 <5mm (9,1%). Seventeen of the 43 adenomatous polyps were > or =5 mm. Eight (47%) were correctly identified on computed tomographic colonography. None of the neoplasias <5 mm were identified on colonography. Nineteen patients preferred colonoscopy in the event of having to repeat on of the two examinations. CONCLUSION: For the detection of colorectal polyps, computed tomographic colonography seems to be useful only when the result is positive, as the negative results of this examination cannot eliminate the presence of these lesions.