RESUMEN

PURPOSE:: To describe a new model of actinic enteritis that does not use radiotherapy machines. METHODS:: Sixteen Wistar rats were divided into four groups, consisting of four animals each: control (group A), two weeks after irradiation (group B), five weeks after irradiation (group C) and eight weeks after irradiation (group D). Animals were given a 10Gy radiation from a Cobalt-60 natural source in a nuclear technology research center. Protections of the surrounding tissues were obtained through the usage of plumb devices with a hole in the center, which served as a collimator. We obtained irradiated and non-irradiated colons from each animal. RESULTS:: In group B we found an important inflammatory response in the irradiated colon, which appeared in a reduced way in group C and was minimal in group D, in which we found a relevant collagen submucosal deposition/fibrosis. In all groups, the non-irradiated colon had a lower pathological damage in comparison with the irradiated colon. CONCLUSION:: We thus described an efficient and feasible technique for obtaining an animal model of actinic enteritis.

Asunto(s)

Radioisótopos de Cobalto , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/patología , Animales , Colon/patología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar

RESUMEN

Purpose: To describe a new model of actinic enteritis that does not use radiotherapy machines. Methods: Sixteen Wistar rats were divided into four groups, consisting of four animals each: control (group A), two weeks after irradiation (group B), five weeks after irradiation (group C) and eight weeks after irradiation (group D). Animals were given a 10Gy radiation from a Cobalt-60 natural source in a nuclear technology research center. Protections of the surrounding tissues were obtained through the usage of plumb devices with a hole in the center, which served as a collimator. We obtained irradiated and non-irradiated colons from each animal. Results: In group B we found an important inflammatory response in the irradiated colon, which appeared in a reduced way in group C and was minimal in group D, in which we found a relevant collagen submucosal deposition/fibrosis. In all groups, the non-irradiated colon had a lower pathological damage in comparison with the irradiated colon. Conclusion: We thus described an efficient and feasible technique for obtaining an animal model of actinic enteritis.(AU)

Asunto(s)

Animales , Femenino , Ratas , Modelos Animales , Radioisótopos de Cobalto/administración & dosificación , Radioisótopos de Cobalto/efectos de la radiación , Radioisótopos de Cobalto/uso terapéutico , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Enteritis/radioterapia , Fibrosis/inducido químicamente , Fibrosis/complicaciones

RESUMEN

Abstract Purpose: To describe a new model of actinic enteritis that does not use radiotherapy machines. Methods: Sixteen Wistar rats were divided into four groups, consisting of four animals each: control (group A), two weeks after irradiation (group B), five weeks after irradiation (group C) and eight weeks after irradiation (group D). Animals were given a 10Gy radiation from a Cobalt-60 natural source in a nuclear technology research center. Protections of the surrounding tissues were obtained through the usage of plumb devices with a hole in the center, which served as a collimator. We obtained irradiated and non-irradiated colons from each animal. Results: In group B we found an important inflammatory response in the irradiated colon, which appeared in a reduced way in group C and was minimal in group D, in which we found a relevant collagen submucosal deposition/fibrosis. In all groups, the non-irradiated colon had a lower pathological damage in comparison with the irradiated colon. Conclusion: We thus described an efficient and feasible technique for obtaining an animal model of actinic enteritis.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Femenino , Ratas , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/patología , Radioisótopos de Cobalto , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Ratas Wistar , Colon/patología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad

RESUMEN

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presents intense inflammatory infiltrate, crypt abscesses, ulceration and even loss of function. Despite the clinical relevance of IBD, its current therapy remains poorly effective. Infrared wavelength phototherapy shows therapeutic potential on inflammation. Our goal was to evaluate whether light-emitting diodes (LED) at 940nm are capable of mitigating the colitis-induced inflammatory process in mice. Forty male Swiss mice were assigned into five groups: control; control treated with LED therapy; colitis without treatment; colitis treated with LED therapy; colitis treated with Prednisolone. Experimental colitis was induced by acetic acid 7.5% (pH2.5) rectal administration. LED therapy was performed with light characterized by wavelength of 940nm, 45nm bandwidth, intensity of 4.05J/cm(2), total power of 270mW and total dose of 64.8J for 4min in a single application. Colitis-induced intestinal transit delay was inhibited by LED therapy. Colitis caused an increase of colon dimensions (length, diameter, total area) and colon weight (edema), which were inhibited by LED therapy. LED therapy also decreased colitis-induced tissue gross lesion, myeloperoxidase activity, microscopic tissue damage score and the presence of inflammatory infiltrate in all intestinal layers. Furthermore, LED therapy inhibited colitis-induced IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-6 production. We conclude LED therapy at 940nm inhibited experimental colitis-induced colon inflammation in mice, therefore, rendering it a promising therapeutic approach that deserves further investigation.

Asunto(s)

Colitis/terapia , Equipos y Suministros Eléctricos , Fototerapia , Animales , Colitis/complicaciones , Colitis/metabolismo , Colitis/fisiopatología , Colon/metabolismo , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Edema/complicaciones , Tránsito Gastrointestinal/efectos de la radiación , Interleucina-1beta/biosíntesis , Interleucina-6/biosíntesis , Masculino , Ratones , Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/biosíntesis

RESUMEN

PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of amifostine on bacterial translocation and overgrowth in colonic flora after acute radiation enteritis in a rat model.METHODS:Thirty-two female Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: Group-1 (n=8): only normal saline was administered intraperitoneally. Group-2 (n=8): first serum saline was administered intraperitoneally and 30 minutes later 20 Gy radiation was applied to abdominopelvic region. Group-3 (n=8): only amifostine 200 ml/kg was administered intraperitoneally and radiation was not applied. Group-4 (n=8): first amifostine 200 ml/kg was administered intraperitoneally and 30 minutes later 20 Gy radiation was applied to abdominopelvic region. On the 5th day after radiation, samples of mesenteric lymph tissues and cecal contents were taken by laparotomy for microbiological culture.RESULTS:Intraperitoneal amifostine administration significantly decreased the bacterial overgrowth related to radiation in colon but did not significantly decrease the bacterial translocation.CONCLUSİON:Although not providing a full protection on the damaged mucosal barrier, amifostine significantly decreased the bacterial overgrowth in the cecal content after high dose radiation. There is a need to find out appropriate amifostine dose under different radiation applications avoiding bacterial translocation in gastrointestinal system.(AU)

Asunto(s)

Animales , Femenino , Ratas , Amifostina/análisis , Traslocación Bacteriana , Enteritis/complicaciones , Enteritis/veterinaria , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Ratas Wistar

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND/AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of FASL, FAS and FADD and caspase-3 in oesophagus, stomach and colonic tissues of mice irradiated in vivo by immunohistochemistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 48 adult male C57BL mice were distributed into four groups: Ami(-)/Rad(-): Mice received 0.5 ml of 0.9% physiological saline solution (PPS) intraperitioneally (i.p.); Ami(+)/Rad(-): mice received amifostine (400mg/kg i.p.) freshly dissolved in double-distilled water; Ami(-)/Rad(+): mice received 0.5 ml of PSS i.p. 30 min before a single whole-body radiation dose of 7 Gy; Ami(+)/Rad(+): mice received 0.5 ml of an aqueous solution of 400 mg/kg amifostine i.p.30 min prior to irradiation. All groups were assigned into subgroups sacrificed at 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h and 4 h after irradiation. RESULTS: In oesophagus and stomach tissues, we did not observe any difference between Ami(-)/ad(-), Ami(+)/Rad(-), Ami(-)/Rad(+) and Ami(+)/Rad(+) groups in the expression of FASL, FAS and FADD. The colonic tissue was the only to exhibit any difference in the expression of FAS and caspase-3 protein in the Ami(-)/Rad(+)group at 1 and 2 h. Amifostine increased FAS and caspase-3 immunoexpression when compared to the control. Immunoexpression for FASL and FADD was not remarkably different in colonic tissue. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results demonstrate that amifostine increases FAS and caspase-3 expression in colonic tissue of irradiated mice.

Asunto(s)

Amifostina/administración & dosificación , Caspasa 3/biosíntesis , Colon/metabolismo , Animales , Colon/patología , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de la radiación , Humanos , Ratones , Protectores contra Radiación/administración & dosificación , Irradiación Corporal Total

RESUMEN

Constant light (LL) is associated with high incidence of colon cancer. MLT supplementation was related to the significant control of preneoplastic patterns. We sought to analyze preneoplastic patterns in colon tissue from animals exposed to LL environment (14 days; 300 lx), MLT-supplementation (10mg/kg/day) and DMH-treatment (1,2 dimethylhydrazine; 125 mg/kg). Rodents were sacrificed and MLT serum levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Our results indicated that LL induced ACF development (p < 0.001) with a great potential to increase the number of CD133(+) and CD68(+) cells (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001). LL also increased the proliferative process (PCNA-Li; p < 0.001) as well as decreased caspase-3 protein (p < 0.001), related to higher COX-2 protein expression (p < 0.001) within pericryptal colonic stroma (PCCS). However, MLT-supplementation controlled the development of dysplastic ACF (p < 0.001) diminishing preneoplastic patterns into PCCS as CD133 and CD68 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001). These events were relative to decreased PCNA-Li index and higher expression of caspase-3 protein. Thus, MLT showed a great potential to control the preneoplastic patterns induced by LL.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias del Colon/etiología , Neoplasias del Colon/prevención & control , Luz/efectos adversos , Melatonina/administración & dosificación , Células Madre Neoplásicas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/metabolismo , Colon/patología , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Masculino , Melatonina/sangre , Melatonina/fisiología , Células Madre Neoplásicas/metabolismo , Células Madre Neoplásicas/patología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Células del Estroma/efectos de los fármacos , Células del Estroma/metabolismo , Células del Estroma/patología

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Radiotherapy is frequently used for cancer treatment, but it may be associated with several complications. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the role of L-glutamine and/or glycine supplementation on the colonic wall in rats submitted to abdominal radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: I-healthy, II (control)-irradiated rats without amino acid supplementation, III-irradiated rats with glycine supplementation, IV-irradiated rats with L-glutamine supplementation, V-irradiated rats with glycine supplementation 7 days before irradiation and with L-glutamine supplementation 7 days after irradiation, and VI-irradiated rats with L-glutamine supplementation 7 days before irradiation and with glycine supplementation 7 days after irradiation. Abdominal irradiation was employed with a dose of 1,000 cGy on the eighth day of the experiment. All animals underwent laparotomy on the 15th day for resection of a colonic segment for stereologic analysis. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used for statistical analysis, with the level of significance set at p

Asunto(s)

Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Glutamina/farmacología , Glicina/farmacología , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/prevención & control , Protectores contra Radiación/farmacología , Animales , Colon/patología , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Glutamina/uso terapéutico , Glicina/uso terapéutico , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de la radiación , Masculino , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/etiología , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/patología , Protectores contra Radiación/uso terapéutico , Radioterapia/efectos adversos , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Factores de Tiempo

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate the structural alterations of the irradiated colonic wall in rats, verifying if L-glutamine supplementation is able to prevent them. METHODS: We used 30 male adult Wistar rats, divided into three groups: I--control, II--irradiated, and III-irradiated with L-glutamine supplementation during the 14 days of the study. Control group was maintained in laboratory standard conditions while groups II and three were submitted to abdominal radiation with an only dose of 1000 cGy in the 8th day of experimentation. All the animals were submitted to laparotomy in the 15th day for resection of the colonic segment for stereological analysis. RESULTS: Group II presented total volume of colonic wall significantly smaller than control group without altering the partial volumes of each layer. Compared to groups II and III, group II exhibited maintenance of total volume of colonic wall, nearing control group. Compared to control group, animals of group III exhibited maintenance of epithelial partial volume without altering significantly epithelial surface. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that L-glutamine supplementation can be of benefit in the irradiated colonic wall in rats.

Asunto(s)

Colon/efectos de la radiación , Glutamina/uso terapéutico , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/prevención & control , Pared Abdominal , Administración Oral , Animales , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/patología , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de la radiación , Masculino , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de los fármacos , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de la radiación , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/patología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Factores de Tiempo

RESUMEN

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações estruturais na parede do cólon irradiado, em ratos, verificando se a suplementação de L-glutamina pode prevení-las. MÉTODOS: Foram empregados 30 ratos Wistar, machos, adultos, divididos em três grupos: I - controle, II- irradiado e III - irradiado, com suplementação de L-glutamina durante os 14 dias do estudo. O Grupo Controle foi mantido em condições-padrão de laboratório, enquanto os grupos II e III foram submetidos à irradiação abdominal, com dose única de 1000 cGy, no 8°. dia da experimentação. Todos os animais foram operados no 15°. dia, para ressecção de segmento colônico para análise estereológica. RESULTADOS: O grupo II apresentou volume total da parede colônica significativamente menor que o Grupo Controle, sem alterar os volumes parciais de cada camada histológica. No grupo III, houve manutenção do volume total da parede do cólon, próxima ao Grupo Controle, com aumento significativo da camada mucosa, quando comparada aos grupos I e II. Na camada mucosa do grupo III, houve a manutenção do volume parcial do epitélio, comparado ao Grupo Controle, sem melhora significativa da superfície epitelial. CONCLUSÃO: Sugere-se que a suplementação de L-glutamina seja benéfica na parede do cólon irradiado, em ratos.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Glutamina/uso terapéutico , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/prevención & control , Pared Abdominal , Administración Oral , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/patología , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de la radiación , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de los fármacos , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de la radiación , Ratas Wistar , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/patología , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Factores de Tiempo

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Avaliar a ação da oxigenação hiperbárica em lesões actínicas provocadas por radiação ionizante no colo distal de ratas. Métodos: Foram utilizadas 32 ratas adultas distribuídas em quatro grupos. I - sham; II - oxigenoterapia hiperbárica (OHT); III - radioterapia (RT), e IV - radioterapia e oxigenoterapia hiperbárica (da mesma maneira que nos grupos II e III). Segmentos de colo distal foram fixados em formol a 10 por cento e processados para avaliação histológica e morfométrica. Resultados: Os resultados do experimento mostraram lesão das glândulas intestinais, vasodilatação e infiltrado leucocitário na lâmina própria e submucosa no colo dos animais pertencentes ao grupo RT que diminuiu acentudadamente após a oxigenioterapia hiperbárica. Conclusão: A oxigenitoterapia hiperbárica atenua as alterações morfológicas da mucosa e submucosa do cólon distal de ratas com enterite induzida por radiação ionizante.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Femenino , Ratas , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Colon/lesiones , Enteritis , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica/métodos , Efectos de la Radiación , Radiación Ionizante , Ratas Wistar

RESUMEN

The aim of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate bowel and urinary acute and late morbidity in patients with low to intermediate risk endometrial carcinoma, submitted to total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, without lymphadenectomy, and postoperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-B) as the sole treatment. From March 1996 to June 1998, 70 patients were treated on an outpatient basis, to a total dose of 30-50 Gy, given in two fractions per week. A total of 4-5 fractions of 6-10 GY was delivered. Three patients (4.2%) developed severe bowel complications, with one patient experiencing severe rectal bleeding. Local control was observed in 68 (97.1%) patients. Five-year actuarial disease and complication-free survival were 94.3% and 96.8%, respectively. In conclusion, it seems that a modest dose fraction schedule of HDR-B yields very high local control rates and low morbidity rates.

Asunto(s)

Adenocarcinoma/radioterapia , Braquiterapia/mortalidad , Braquiterapia/métodos , Neoplasias Endometriales/radioterapia , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidad , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Neoplasias Endometriales/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Tiempo , Sistema Urinario/efectos de la radiación

RESUMEN

The important therapeutic activity of 13-cRA and IFN-alpha-2a in carcinoma of squamous cells, cervical, without previous treatment, is confirmed. An unexpected result was the early toxicity of the biologic agents on the colon mucosa when they are combined with radiotherapy.

Asunto(s)

Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/radioterapia , Interferón-alfa/uso terapéutico , Isotretinoína/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/radioterapia , Adulto , Anciano , Braquiterapia , Radioisótopos de Cesio/administración & dosificación , Radioisótopos de Cobalto/uso terapéutico , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Terapia Combinada , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Femenino , Humanos , Interferón alfa-2 , Interferón-alfa/toxicidad , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de la radiación , Isotretinoína/toxicidad , Persona de Mediana Edad , Radioterapia/efectos adversos , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Proteínas Recombinantes

RESUMEN

La rectorragia es un síntoma frecuente en los pacientes con colitis por radiación crónica y se debe a lesiones vasculares mucosas usualmente confinadas al resto. Presentamos nuestra experiencia con el uso de la sonda caliente (HP), en 8 pacientes con colitis por radiación cuyo síntoma más importante fue la rectorragía. En 6 pacientes la indicación de la radioterapia fue cáncer de cuello uterno y en 2 casos cáncer de endometrio. Se realizaron de 1 a 4 sesiones de termocoagulación con una intensidad entre los 200 a 400 joules por sesión. En todos los pacientes se obtuvo una respuesta favorable con disminución o desaparición de los episodios de sangramiento y por lo tanto mejoría de las cifras hematológicas y de la necesidad del número de transfunsiones. Pensamos que la sonda caliente representa una excelente alternativa de tratamiento para estos pacientes de difícil manejo terapéutico

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Femenino , Colitis/terapia , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Electrocoagulación/uso terapéutico , Rayos Láser/uso terapéutico , Radioterapia/efectos adversos

RESUMEN

Rectal bleeding is a frequent symptom in radiation colitis, and is due to vascular lesions usually confined to the rectum. We present our preliminary experience with the use of the heater probe, in eight patients with radiation proctitis, whose main symptom was rectal bleeding. Six patients had radiation for carcinoma of the cervix and 2 had endometrial cancer. One to four sessions of coagulation were performed with an intensity of 200 to 400 Joules per session. In all patients a good response was obtained, bleeding diminished or stopped completely, with improvement of blood counts and the need for transfusions. We think that heater probe is a good therapeutic alternative, for the management of these difficult complication.

Asunto(s)

Colitis Ulcerosa/cirugía , Electrocoagulación , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/cirugía , Traumatismos por Radiación/cirugía , Cauterización , Colitis Ulcerosa/etiología , Colon/efectos de la radiación , Femenino , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/etiología , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , Recto