RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work is to present our endoscopic neuroanatomical findings of a series of myelomeningocele and hydrocephalus patients, treated with endoscopic third ventricular cisternostomy (ETVC), in order to describe ventricular configuration abnormalities in this group of patients, in which this neurosurgical procedure has limited performance. METHOD: We checked the videos of 10 endoscopic third ventricular cisternostomies of myelomeningocele patients taken during 24 months as from December 1998. A previous guideline is designed to record anatomic variables in the lateral ventricles, IIIrd ventricle, and basal cisterns. The topic is analyzed in view of the necropsy and imaging background data. RESULTS: The ETVC of lateral ventricles showed: absence of septum (9/10); absence of anteroseptal vein (8/10); absence of choroid plexus and thalamostriate vein (0/10); absence of fornix (1/10): small foramen of Monro (4/10). The ETVC of the IIIrd ventricle showed: impossibility of recognizing any mammillary bodies (4/10); presence of septations (5/10); presence of atypical veins in the floor (6/10); translucent floor (5/10); floor umbilications (5/10); absence of infundibulum (4/10); arachnoid adherences (7/10); and visual contact of basilar artery (4/10). CONCLUSION: There are categorical structural alterations in the ventricular system of myelomeningocele patients that are well correlated with previous necropsy and imaging reports. The ventricular system of dysraphic children presents severe anatomic alterations, which alter the reference points of the classical endoscopic third ventricular cisternostomy.
Asunto(s)
Cisterna Magna/patología , Hidrocefalia/patología , Ventrículos Laterales/patología , Meningomielocele/patología , Tercer Ventrículo/patología , Cisterna Magna/irrigación sanguínea , Cisterna Magna/cirugía , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/complicaciones , Hidrocefalia/cirugía , Ventrículos Laterales/irrigación sanguínea , Ventrículos Laterales/cirugía , Meningomielocele/complicaciones , Meningomielocele/cirugía , Neuroendoscopía , Tercer Ventrículo/irrigación sanguínea , Tercer Ventrículo/cirugía , Ventriculostomía , Grabación en VideoRESUMEN
The choroidal fissure is a narrow cleft in the medial part of the lateral ventricle, in a C-shaped arc, between the fornix and the thalamus, where the choroidal plexus join. Due to absence nervous tissue between ependyma and pia-mater along this invagination, it is an important route in brain ventricles and cisterns. Five brains were studied by injecting colored silicone arteries and veins and five brains without colored silicone, in a total number of 20 brain hemispheres. It was analyzed and revised the neural, arterial and venous relationships and surgical approaches in all parts of the choroidal fissure. In conclusion, the previous knowledge detailed this microanatomy is primordial for neurosurgeons that will approach brain ventricular and cisternal lesions because the neurosurgeons gain a tridimensional notion that will be indispensable during surgery.
Asunto(s)
Ventrículos Cerebrales/anatomía & histología , Cisterna Magna/anatomía & histología , Arterias Cerebrales/anatomía & histología , Venas Cerebrales/anatomía & histología , Ventrículos Cerebrales/irrigación sanguínea , Plexo Coroideo/anatomía & histología , Plexo Coroideo/irrigación sanguínea , Cisterna Magna/irrigación sanguínea , Humanos , MicrocirugiaRESUMEN
The choroidal fissure is a narrow cleft in the medial part of the lateral ventricle, in a C-shaped arc, between the fornix and the thalamus, where the choroidal plexus join. Due to absence nervous tissue between ependyma and pia-mater along this invagination, it is an important route in brain ventricles and cisterns. Five brains were studied by injecting colored silicone arteries and veins and five brains without colored silicone, in a total number of 20 brain hemispheres. It was analyzed and revised the neural, arterial and venous relationships and surgical approaches in all parts of the choroidal fissure. In conclusion, the previous knowledge detailed this microanatomy is primordial for neurosurgeons that will approach brain ventricular and cisternal lesions because the neurosurgeons gain a tridimensional notion that will be indispensable during surgery.
A fissura coroidéia é uma estreita fenda situada na parte medial dos ventrículos laterais, em formato de "C", entre o fórnix e o tálamo e onde o plexo coróide se adere. O fato de não haver tecido nervoso entre o epêndima e a pia-máter ao longo deste acidente anatômico torna-o uma importante via no acesso aos ventrículos e cisternas cerebrais. Foram estudados cinco cérebros, injetando-se artérias e veias com material siliconado colorido e cinco cérebros sem realce colorido dos vasos, num total de 20 hemisférios cerebrais. Foram analisadas e revisadas as relações neurais, arteriais e venosas, bem como as abordagens cirúrgicas em cada parte da fissura coroidéia. Concluiu-se que o conhecimento prévio detalhado desta microanatomia é fundamental para os neurocirurgiões que vão abordar lesões nos ventrículos e cisternas cerebrais, pois se obtém uma noção tridimensional que será indispensável durante o ato cirúrgico.