RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The Baveno VI criteria to rule out varices needing treatment (VNT) was introduced in 2015. Soon after, the expanded Baveno VI and stepwise platelet-MELD criteria were proposed to be equal/more accurate in ruling out VNT; however, neither has been widely validated. We aimed to validate all 3 criteria in compensated cirrhosis from assorted causes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study including all adult compensated cirrhotic patients who underwent endoscopic surveillance at our center from 2014 to 2018 and had transient elastography (TE), and laboratory data for criteria calculation within 6 months of endoscopies. Exclusion criteria were previous decompensation, unreliable/invalid TE results, and liver cancer. The diagnostic performances of all criteria were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 128 patients were included. The major cirrhosis etiologies were hepatitis C and B (37.5% and 32.8%, respectively). VNT was observed in 7.8%. All criteria yielded high negative predictive values (NPVs)>95%, missed VNT was observed in 2%, 2.7%, and 2.8% in the original, expanded Baveno VI, and platelet-MELD criteria, respectively. The expanded Baveno VI and the platelet-MELD criteria yielded significantly better specificities and could spare more endoscopies than the original Baveno VI criteria. CONCLUSIONS: All 3 criteria showed satisfactorily high NPVs in ruling out VNT in compensated cirrhosis from various causes. The expanded Baveno VI and the platelet-MELD criteria could spare more endoscopies than the original Baveno VI criteria. From a public health standpoint, the platelet-MELD criteria might be useful in a resource-limited setting where TE is not widely available.
Asunto(s)
Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/prevención & control , Cirrosis Hepática/sangre , Cirrosis Hepática/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Anciano , Diagnóstico por Imagen de Elasticidad , Enfermedad Hepática en Estado Terminal , Endoscopía del Sistema Digestivo , Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/etiología , Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/terapia , Femenino , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/etiología , Hepatitis B Crónica/complicaciones , Hepatitis C Crónica/complicaciones , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Cirrosis Hepática Alcohólica/sangre , Cirrosis Hepática Alcohólica/complicaciones , Cirrosis Hepática Alcohólica/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/complicaciones , Recuento de Plaquetas , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy (Q.H.S.), with 99m Tc-DISIDA was performed on 15 control subjects and 32 alcoholic cirrhotic patients (A.C.). We used a dynamic planar scintigraphy (30 seg/frame, up to 45 min) technique following injection intravenously of 99m Tc-DISIDA. Time/activity curves were obtained from the right upper lobe of the liver and the: 1) slope uptake, 2) half-time (T 1/2 min) uptake, 3) excretion half-time (T1/2 min), were measured from the curve. The A.C. were divided in two groups, IIA (n = 32) and IIB (n = 6) if the excretory curve show negative slope or not respectively. RESULTS: The mean value (+/- 1 D.S. 95% coinfidence interval) of the slope uptake of the A.C. IIB (1.2 +/- 0.40) was significantly slower than a.C. IIA (2.8 +/- 0.39) and control (4.5 +/- 1.17, p = 0.0001 respectively). The difference also was significantly when the mean of A.C. IIA was compared to control (p = 0.007). The mean of T1/2 uptake of A.C.IIB (62.2 +/- 22.2) was significantly longer than A.C. IIA (28.4 +/- 4.4 p = 0.011) and control (17.9 +/- 3.87, p = 0.003). The mean T1/2 excretory of the A.C. IIA (90.0 +/- 17.8) was also significant delayed compared to the mean of normal control (35.6 +/- 7.6 p = 0.001). In the A.C. IIB the excretion plateau curve was associated with visualization of the gallbladder and bowel activity suggesting that the excretion of the IDA preferentially came from the left hepatic lobe. We conclude that alcoholic cirrhotic patients have impaired the mechanism related with the uptake/excretion transport of organic anion, and suggest that noninvasive Q.H.S. with 99m Tc-DISIDA, can be a useful clinical technique to be used for the quantification of hepatic function in cirrhotic alcoholic patients.
Asunto(s)
Iminoácidos , Cirrosis Hepática Alcohólica/diagnóstico por imagen , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Compuestos de Organotecnecio , Adulto , Femenino , Vesícula Biliar/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/fisiopatología , Cirrosis Hepática Alcohólica/metabolismo , Cirrosis Hepática Alcohólica/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cintigrafía , Disofenina de Tecnecio Tc 99m , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy (Q.H.S.), with 99m Tc-DISIDA was performed on 15 control subjects and 32 alcoholic cirrhotic patients (A.C.). We used a dynamic planar scintigraphy (30 sec/ frame, up to 45 min) technique following injection intravenously of 99m TC-DISIDA. Time/activity curves were obtained from the right upper lobe of the liver and the: 1) slope uptake, 2) half-time (T 1/2 min) uptake, 3) excretion half-time (T 1/2 min), were measured from the curve. The A.C. were divided in two groups, IIA (n = 32) and IIB (n = 6) if the excretory curve show negative slope or not respectively. Results: The mean value (+/- 1 D.S. 95 percent confidence interval) of the slope uptake of the A.C. IIB (1.2 +/- 0.40) was significantly slower than a.C. IIA (2.8 +/- 0.39) and control (4.5 +/- 1.17, p = 0,0001 respectively). The difference also was significantly when the mean of A.C. IIA was compared to control (p = 0.007). The mean of T 1/2 uptake of A.C.IIB (62.2 +/- 22.2) was significantly longer than A.C. IIA (28.4 +/- 4.4 p = 0.011) and control (17.9 +/- 3.87, p = 0.003) The mean T 1/2 excretory of the A.C. IIA (90.0 +/- 17.8) was also significant delayed compared to the mean of normal control (35.6 +/- 7.6 p = 0,001). In the A.C. IIB the excretion plateau curve was associated with visualization of the gallbladder and bowel activity suggesting that the excretion of the IDA preferentially came from the left hepatic lobe. We conclude that alcoholic cirrhotic patients have impaired the mechanism related with the uptake/excretion transport of organic anion, and suggest that noninvasive Q.H.S. with 99m TC-DISIDA, can be a useful clinical technique to be used for the quantification of hepatic function in cirrhotic alcoholic patients.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cirrosis Hepática Alcohólica/diagnóstico por imagen , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Compuestos de Organotecnecio , Aminoácidos/diagnóstico , Cirrosis Hepática Alcohólica/fisiopatología , Cirrosis Hepática Alcohólica/metabolismo , Hígado/fisiopatología , Hígado/metabolismo , Factores de Tiempo , Vesícula Biliar/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
Doppler-duplex has been widely used to quantify blood flow. Nevertheless, its usefulness in assessing portal vein flow (PVF) has been questioned due to technical problems: vessel cross sectional area measurements, interobserver variability, and PVF changes related to physiological events. This study was aimed to measure PVF in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension, to estimate changes in PVF during the respiratory cycle, and to evaluate intraobserver variability of Doppler-duplex technique. Twenty-two patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension and 22 healthy subjects were included. One operator made 6 measurements of portal vein diameter (D) and mean flow velocity in inspiration and aspiration. Area of the vessel (A) and PVF were calculated by a microprocessor. Interobserver variability was estimated for each subject and a mean was determined for each group. In the control group, PVF was 901 +/- 39 ml/min in inspiration and 633 +/- 38 ml/min in aspiration; p < 0.001. In patients with cirrhosis PVF was 1303 +/- 121 ml/min in inspiration and 1003 +/- 96 ml/min in aspiration; p < 0.001. Intraobserver variability was 6.0 +/- 0.6% for D, 12.0 +/- 3% for MV and 18.3 +/- 1.6% for PVF in healthy subjects and 5.3 +/- 0.7% for D, 9.2 +/- 0.9% for MV and 15.2 +/- 1.5% for PVF in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. In conclusion, PVF is significantly increased in cirrhotics. PVF was higher in inspiration than espiration in both groups. The Doppler-duplex method evaluation of PVF has an important intraobserver variability (18.3 +/- 1.6%). Then, changes in PVF less than 20% are not accurately measured by this technique.
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Hipertensión Portal/fisiopatología , Cirrosis Hepática Alcohólica/fisiopatología , Vena Porta/fisiología , Adulto , Anciano , Velocidad del Flujo Sanguíneo , Humanos , Hipertensión Portal/diagnóstico por imagen , Cirrosis Hepática Alcohólica/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Vena Porta/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios Prospectivos , Flujo Sanguíneo Regional , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
To evaluate the clinical usefulness of the ultrasonographic (echo-Doppler) measurements of portal blood flow their results were compared with several clinical and biochemical parameters in alcoholic cirrhotic patients. The technique was standardized and its reproducibility was checked in 30 cirrhotics and in 20 control subjects. In controls, portal area was greater when measured on its transversal axis and in deep inspiration. In cirrhotics the area did not change neither according to the axis nor the respiratory movements. The estimated velocity of blood flow was dependent on the angle of insonation. Measurements performed on longitudinal axis, at 50 degrees in expiratory apnea showed, in the same subject, an interday variability of 7%. In cirrhotic patients portal blood flow was higher than in controls (0.93 +/- 0.32 L/min vs 0.64 +/- 0.12, p < 0.001) being the difference due to a greater area. Considering controls and Child's A and B cirrhotic patients, portal blood flow correlated with the severity of disease (r = 0.738, p < 0.001). In Child C, portal blood flow was decreased, compared to Child's B patients. The presence and size of esophageal varices was also correlated to portal blood flow (r = 0.461, p < 0.05). However no differences were observed between the groups with or without previous variceal bleeding. It is concluded that echo-doppler measurement of portal blood flow is a reproducible technic in standardized conditions, detecting changes related to global liver function and the presence and size of esophageal varices.