RESUMEN
La conidiobolomicosis es una micosis subcutánea causada por un hongo saprofito, Conidiobulus spp. perteneciente a la clase Zigomicetos, orden Entomoftorales, que habita en regiones tropicales. La manifestación clínica clásica es la deformidad progresiva de estructuras faciales y su diagnóstico se basa en cultivos de la zona afectada y el estudio histopatológico, siendo el "fenómeno de Splendore-Hoeppli" el hallazgo más característico. Dada su baja frecuencia de presentación, no existe consenso sobre la mejor opción y tiempo de tratamiento. Aquí presentamos un caso de entomoftoromicosis rinofacial causada por Conidiobolus coronatus en un paciente inmunocompetente de la región sur de Colombia.
Conidiobolomycosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by a saprophytic fungus, Conidiobulus, belonging to the class of Zygomycetes, an order of Entomophtorales that inhabits tropical regions. Its most frequent clinical manifestation is the progressive deformity of facial midline structures, and the diagnosis is based on cultures taken from the affected area and the histopathological study, being the "Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon" the most characteristic finding. Due to its low frequency of presentation, there is no consensus about the best option and treatment time. We present a case of rhinofacial entomophthoromycosis caused by Conidiobolus coronatus in an immunocompetent patient from the southern region of Colombia.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Cigomicosis/microbiología , Cigomicosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Conidiobolus/aislamiento & purificación , Cigomicosis/patología , Cigomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Antifúngicos/uso terapéuticoAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/diagnóstico , Linfoma/diagnóstico , Cigomicosis/diagnóstico , Biopsia , Preescolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Entomophthorales , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/microbiología , Humanos , Mucosa Intestinal/microbiología , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Masculino , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Cigomicosis/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Rhinocerebral zygomycosis is a rare condition characterized by infection initially in the nose and paranasal sinuses with atypical symptoms consistent with sinusitis. Once established in the nasal sinuses, the infection can easily spread to the orbital region and brain. In the localized form of the infection, the mortality rate is approximately 10%, which increases in the occurrence of orbital involvement and survival in patients of cerebral dissemination is extremely rare. The present paper reports a patient of nasal zygomycosis with orbital and cerebral dissemination in an otherwise healthy patient who survived after 14 months of hospitalization with no neurological impairment. A review of the literature addressing aspects related to diagnosis, treatment, and complications of this fungal infection is also presented.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones Fúngicas del Ojo/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Orbitales/diagnóstico , Rinitis/diagnóstico , Cigomicosis/diagnóstico , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Enucleación del Ojo , Infecciones Fúngicas del Ojo/microbiología , Infecciones Fúngicas del Ojo/cirugía , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Enfermedades Orbitales/microbiología , Enfermedades Orbitales/cirugía , Rinitis/microbiología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Cigomicosis/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Data regarding the susceptibility of Conidiobolus lamprauges is limited and there is no consensus about the optimal treatment for infections caused by Conidiobolus spp. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of six C. lamprauges strains isolated from sheep conidiobolomycosis to amphotericin B, ketoconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin, flucytosine, and terbinafine using the CLSI M38-A2 microdilution technique. Terbinafine was the most active (MIC range <0.06-0.5 µg/mL). Resistance or reduced susceptibility was observed for amphotericin B and azole and echinocandin antifungals. Additional studies are necessary to determine the therapeutic potential of terbinafine as monotherapy or in combination therapy with other antifungals.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/farmacología , Conidiobolus/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/microbiología , Cigomicosis/veterinaria , Animales , Conidiobolus/genética , Conidiobolus/aislamiento & purificación , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/tratamiento farmacológico , Cigomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Cigomicosis/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Aspergillosis and zygomycosis are life-threatening fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. We report a heart transplant recipient with an early pulmonary invasive aspergillosis successfully treated with association of voriconazole and caspofungin. Zygomycosis sinusitis, which was diagnosed while he still was on voriconazole therapy, was successfully treated with the use of combination antifungal therapy including liposomal amphotericin plus posaconazole and conservative surgical debridement.
Asunto(s)
Anfotericina B/uso terapéutico , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Trasplante de Corazón/efectos adversos , Aspergilosis Pulmonar Invasiva/complicaciones , Sinusitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Triazoles/uso terapéutico , Cigomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Desbridamiento , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Aspergilosis Pulmonar Invasiva/tratamiento farmacológico , Aspergilosis Pulmonar Invasiva/microbiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pirimidinas , Sinusitis/diagnóstico , Sinusitis/microbiología , Sinusitis/cirugía , Resultado del Tratamiento , Voriconazol , Cigomicosis/diagnóstico , Cigomicosis/microbiología , Cigomicosis/cirugíaRESUMEN
Occurrence of Zoophthora radicans infecting nymphs and adults of Thaumastocoris peregrinus Carpintero and Dellape, 2006 is reported in Brazil. This is a new record of host for this fungal species and the first fungal pathogen associated with this pest worldwide. Infection of Z. radicans on T. peregrinus populations on commercial Eucalyptus plantation (Eucalyptus spp.) reached up to 100%, and low insect densities were associated with high levels of fungal infection in three out of seven plots. This pathogen seems to be virulent against T. peregrinus and may play an important role in population regulations of this invasive pest through naturally induced epizootics.
Asunto(s)
Entomophthorales/aislamiento & purificación , Heterópteros/microbiología , Cigomicosis/veterinaria , Animales , Brasil , Entomophthorales/fisiología , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Heterópteros/fisiología , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno , Estadios del Ciclo de Vida/fisiología , Control Biológico de Vectores , Cigomicosis/microbiologíaRESUMEN
A PCR-based method was developed for the detection and identification of two species of grasshopper-specific pathogens belonging to the genus Entomophaga in North America, Entomophaga calopteni and Entomophaga macleodii. Two separate sets of primers specific for amplification of a DNA product from each species of Entomophaga as well as a positive control were utilized. Grasshoppers were collected from two sites in Mexico during an epizootic with grasshoppers found in "summit disease", typical of Entomophaga infections. There was a preponderance of Melanopline grasshoppers infected by E. calopteni. The described method is an accurate tool for identification of North American grasshopper infections by Entomophaga species.
Asunto(s)
Entomophthorales/aislamiento & purificación , Saltamontes/microbiología , Cigomicosis/microbiología , Animales , ADN de Hongos/genética , Entomophthorales/genética , Entomophthorales/patogenicidad , México/epidemiología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Esporas Fúngicas/genética , Cigomicosis/diagnóstico , Cigomicosis/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Zygomycosis (mucormycosis) is a rare but highly invasive infection caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales, which includes the genera Rhizopus, Mucor, Rhizomucor, Absidia, Apophysomyces, Saksenaea, Cunninghamella, Cokeromyces and Syncephalastrum. This type of infection is usually associated with hematologic diseases, diabetic ketoacidosis and organ transplantation. The most common form of presentation is rhinocerebral mucormycosis, with or without pulmonary involvement. Pulmonary zygomycosis is more common in patients with profound, prolonged neutropenia and can present as segmental or lobar infiltrates, isolated nodules, cavitary lesions, hemorrhage or infarction. The clinical and radiological manifestations are often indistinguishable from those associated with invasive aspergillosis. This article describes the general characteristics of pulmonary zygomycosis, emphasizing laboratory diagnosis, and illustrates the morphology of some lesions.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas , Cigomicosis , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Técnicas de Diagnóstico del Sistema Respiratorio/clasificación , Humanos , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/microbiología , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/terapia , Aspergilosis Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Cigomicosis/diagnóstico , Cigomicosis/microbiología , Cigomicosis/terapiaRESUMEN
Zygomycosis is an important granulomatous disease that affects humans and animals, particularly sheep in tropical regions. Rhinofacial and nasopharyngeal zygomycosis were described in sheep in association with Conidiobolus spp. The present study characterized 5 samples of Conidiobolus isolated from 3 herds with clinical disease in Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The clinical and pathological findings were similar to nasopharyngeal zygomycosis. Based on morphological features, isolates were classified as Conidiobolus spp., and molecular phylogenetic analyses based on 18S ribosomal DNA grouped all isolates in a Conidiobolus lamprauges cluster. The current report describes the molecular characterization of ovine nasopharyngeal zygomycosis associated with C. lamprauges.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de las Ovejas/microbiología , Cigomicosis/veterinaria , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Conidiobolus/genética , Conidiobolus/aislamiento & purificación , Filogenia , ARN de Hongos/genética , ARN Ribosómico 18S/genética , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/epidemiología , Cigomicosis/epidemiología , Cigomicosis/microbiologíaRESUMEN
A zigomicose (mucormicose) é uma infecção rara, mas altamente invasiva, causada por fungos da ordem Mucorales (gêneros Rhizopus, Mucor, Rhizomucor, Absidia, Apophysomyces, Saksenaea, Cunninghamella, Cokeromyces e Syncephalastrum). Esse tipo de infecção é usualmente associado a doenças hematológicas, cetoacidose diabética e transplante de órgãos. A apresentação clínica mais frequente é a mucormicose rinocerebral, com ou sem envolvimento pulmonar. A zigomicose pulmonar ocorre mais frequentemente em pacientes com neutropenia profunda e prolongada e pode se apresentar como infiltrado lobar ou segmentar, nódulos isolados, lesões cavitárias, hemorragia ou infarto. As manifestações clínicas e radiológicas são na maioria dos casos indistinguíveis daquelas associadas com aspergilose invasiva. Este artigo descreve as características gerais da zigomicose pulmonar, com ênfase no diagnóstico laboratorial, e ilustra a morfologia de algumas lesões.
Zygomycosis (mucormycosis) is a rare but highly invasive infection caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales, which includes the genera Rhizopus, Mucor, Rhizomucor, Absidia, Apophysomyces, Saksenaea, Cunninghamella, Cokeromyces and Syncephalastrum. This type of infection is usually associated with hematologic diseases, diabetic ketoacidosis and organ transplantation. The most common form of presentation is rhinocerebral mucormycosis, with or without pulmonary involvement. Pulmonary zygomycosis is more common in patients with profound, prolonged neutropenia and can present as segmental or lobar infiltrates, isolated nodules, cavitary lesions, hemorrhage or infarction. The clinical and radiological manifestations are often indistinguishable from those associated with invasive aspergillosis. This article describes the general characteristics of pulmonary zygomycosis, emphasizing laboratory diagnosis, and illustrates the morphology of some lesions.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas , Cigomicosis , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Técnicas de Diagnóstico del Sistema Respiratorio/clasificación , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/microbiología , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/terapia , Aspergilosis Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Cigomicosis/diagnóstico , Cigomicosis/microbiología , Cigomicosis/terapiaRESUMEN
La Zigomicosis es una infección infrecuente causada por hongos oportunistas integrantes del orden Mucorales, que se presenta en pacientes de alto riego como en: leucemia, linfomas con neutropenia prolongada, cetoacidosis diabética, malnutrición severa, ruptura de la integridad de la barrera cutánea y terapia inmunosupresora. Se presenta un caso de Zigomicosis cutánea en una paciente pediátrica con leucemia linfoblástica aguda de tipo B, con severa neutropenia y tratamiento con corticoides. A los cinco días de su hospitalización desarrolló en el antebrazo (zona de punción venosa), una lesión indurada, eritematosa, que progresó y ulceró. A partir de exudados y biopsias del tejido subcutáneo se realizaron exámenes microscópicos directos con KOH, cultivos en agar Sabouraud y estudio histológico a través de técnicas convencionales de hematoxilinaeosina y PAS. Los análisis de los materiales clínicos revelaron la presencia de hifas hialinas, no tabicadas, gruesas, compatibles con un Zygomycete. En todos los tubos se obtuvo abundante desarrollo de un hongo filamentoso, identificado como Rhizopus oryzae. Posteriormente a la escisión quirúrgica y tratamiento con anfotericina B se obtuvo una evolución favorable del paciente hasta el presente.
Zygomycosis is an infrequent infection caused by opportunistic fungi which belong to the order Mucorales and which is present in high risk patients diagnosed with : leukemia, lymphomas with prolonged neutropenia, diabetic cetoacidosis, severe malnutrition, rupture of the entire cutaneous barrier and immunesuppressing therapy. This paper deals with a case of cutaneous Zygomycosis in a pediatric patient diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia B type, suffering a severe neutropenia and corticosteroid treatment. On the fifth day of hospitalization, her forearm (venous puncture zone) showed an indured, erimatose lesion which progressed and ulcerated. Collection of exudates and biopsies of subcutaneous tissue served to carry out direct microsco-pic examinations with KOH, cultures in Sabouraud Agar and a histologic study through conventional hematoxilin-eosin and PAS techniques. Analyses of the clinical materials revealed the presence of hyaline, not septated and broad hyphae suitable to a Zygomycete. In all the tubes there was an abundant development of filamentous fungus identified as Rhizopus oryzae. After the surgical scission and treatment with anfotericine B, the patient showed a favorable evolution up to now.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Preescolar , Mucorales , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras , Cigomicosis/clasificación , Cigomicosis/diagnóstico , Cigomicosis/etiología , Cigomicosis/microbiología , Cigomicosis/terapia , HongosRESUMEN
Three species of Entomophthorales entomopathogenic fungi (Zygomycotina: Zygomycetes) have been identified from insects in agricultural crops (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina): Zoophthora radicans Batko (Brefeld); Entomophthora planchoniana Cornu and Pandora gammae (Weiser) Humber. Fungal structure measurements are reported.
Se informa de tres especies de hongos Entomophthorales en insectos encontrados en cultivos agrícolas en la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina: Zoophthora radicans Batko (Brefeld); Entomophthora planchoniana Cornu y Pandora gammae (Weiser) Humber. Se incluyen las medidas de las estructuras fúngicas.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Entomophthorales/patogenicidad , Insectos/microbiología , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno , Productos Agrícolas/microbiología , Cigomicosis/microbiología , Argentina , Densidad de Población , Entomophthorales/clasificación , Entomophthorales/aislamiento & purificación , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
Pathogenic fungi of insects from Argentina (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales). Three species of Entomophthorales entomopathogenic fungi (Zygomycotina: Zygomycetes) have been identified from insects in agricultural crops (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina): Zoophthora radicans Batko (Brefeld); Entomophthora planchoniana Cornu and Pandora gammae (Weiser) Humber. Fungal structure measurements are reported.
Asunto(s)
Productos Agrícolas/microbiología , Entomophthorales/patogenicidad , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno , Insectos/microbiología , Cigomicosis/microbiología , Animales , Argentina , Entomophthorales/clasificación , Entomophthorales/aislamiento & purificación , Densidad de Población , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
The authors describe a case of entomophthoromycosis in a previously healthy patient, who presented with an abscess in the right buttock. After surgical drainage it evolved into a retroperitoneal tumor. The patient improved clinically after resection of the mass and ketoconazole treatment. The histopathological analysis showed the Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon, suggesting Basidiobolus ranarum infection, a zygomycosis generally restricted to the subcutaneous tissue, with rare gastrointestinal involvement.
Asunto(s)
Entomophthorales/aislamiento & purificación , Espacio Retroperitoneal/microbiología , Cigomicosis/microbiología , Adulto , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Cetoconazol/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Espacio Retroperitoneal/patología , Cigomicosis/diagnóstico , Cigomicosis/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Os autores descrevem um caso de entomoftoromicose em paciente previamente saudável, que apresentou abscesso em nádega direita, evoluindo, após drenagem cirúrgica, para tumoração retroperitoneal. Após ressecção da massa, o paciente obteve melhora clínica, em uso de cetoconazol. A análise histopatológica evidenciou fenômeno de Splendore-Hoeppli, sugerindo infecção por Basidiobolus ranarum, uma zigomicose geralmente restrita ao tecido subcutâneo, com raro comprometimento gastrintestinal.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Entomophthorales/aislamiento & purificación , Espacio Retroperitoneal/microbiología , Cigomicosis/microbiología , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Cetoconazol/uso terapéutico , Espacio Retroperitoneal/patología , Cigomicosis/diagnóstico , Cigomicosis/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Lobomycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis are two different mycoses caused by Loboa loboi and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, respectively. To verify cross-antigenicity between them, lobomycosis sera were tested by immunoblotting, ELISA and capture-EIA against crude exo-antigen, 'cell-free antigen' and gp43 from P. brasiliensis. The majority of lobomycosis serum samples recognized crude exo-antigens and gp43 from P. brasiliensis. Gp43 was eluted from an affinity column prepared with IgG from a patient with active lobomycosis. In lower frequencies and intensities, lobomycosis sera also recognized proteins of 29 kDa, 36 kDa, 39 kDa, 52 kDa, 63 kDa, 70 kDa, 83 kDa, and 108 kDa from P. brasiliensis.