RESUMEN
Bovine immunoglobulins are made from genes belonging to a small family of closely related VH genes. In this respect cattle resemble all species of domesticated mammals, which also use one VH family. The family, named BoVH1, is homologous to the mouse Q52 family, and there are no more than 20 genes of this family in the bovine genome. Another feature of bovine heavy chains is the use of long CDR3s, which have an average of 21 codons. It seems that there are several families of long, closely related D genes rich in glycine and tyrosine responsible for this length. Sequences described as targets for mutations in other species can be found in CDR1, CDR2, and the putative D genes. The mutation mechanism starts at some point between late fetal stage and birth and seems to be antigen independent. Diversity seems to be generated by hypermutation, although other mechanisms cannot be discounted at this time. Contrary to humans and mice, which have several VH gene families comprising more than 100 genes, cattle use only a few genes and long CDR3s followed by somatic mutation to generate the necessary diversity to recognize the universe of antigens they will encounter during their life.
Asunto(s)
Bovinos/genética , Regiones Determinantes de Complementariedad , Cadenas Pesadas de Inmunoglobulina/genética , Región Variable de Inmunoglobulina/genética , Cadenas alfa de Inmunoglobulina/genética , Mutación , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Diversidad de Anticuerpos/genética , Secuencia de Bases , Bovinos/inmunología , Datos de Secuencia MolecularAsunto(s)
ADN , Presentación de Antígeno/genética , Cadenas alfa de Inmunoglobulina/genética , Chaperoninas/inmunología , Células Clonales , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Lepra Tuberculoide/genética , Lepra Tuberculoide/inmunología , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T alfa-beta/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Secuencia de BasesRESUMEN
We investigated the possible relationship of the distribution of immunoglobulin allotypic markers for susceptibility to Kawasaki disease in Japanese, Japanese-American, and white American populations. The kappa-chain allotype Km1 was present in 25.6% of sera from white patients with Kawasaki disease and in 14.4% of control sera (p < 0.01), and the combination of Km1 with Gm heterozygosity was present in 17.9% of white patients with Kawasaki disease and in 6.4% of control sera (p < 0.0001). In all populations studied, differences were observed between the patients with Kawasaki disease and the race-matched control subjects. The findings support the hypothesis that one or more unknown infectious agents may trigger genetically influenced immune responses that result in clinically recognizable Kawasaki disease.