RESUMEN
Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) is a common component of organic sunscreen widely used that can affect especially aquatic ecosystems health, including fish. To verify the biological effects of low concentrations of BP-3 on blood cells, one hundred and forty zebrafish (D. rerio) were used and then randomly divided into five groups: control group (water), solvent group (alcoholic water), and BP-3 group (BP-3 at 7 µg L-1, BP-3 at 70 µg L-1, and BP-3 at 700 µg L-1). The blood slices were stained with Panoptic stain and with Giemsa solution for the hematological analysis. During the exposure to BP-3, no behavioral changes were observed. Although no significant difference in total leukocytes occurred, an increase in neutrophils and a reduction of lymphocytes at the highest concentration on both 7th and 14th days were detected. The total and cytoplasmic area of erythrocytes on the 7th day at the highest concentration were reduced. In addition, alterations on the erythrocyte nuclear morphology in fish exposed to BP-3 were usually visualized, mainly when considered the occurrence of blebbed nucleus and micronucleus, indicating that BP-3 exhibits cytotoxic and mutagenic effects. The results indicate that BP-3 can interfere with the morphophysiology of aquatic organisms.
Asunto(s)
Benzofenonas , Células Sanguíneas , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Pez Cebra , Animales , Benzofenonas/toxicidad , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Ecosistema , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/toxicidadRESUMEN
Several studies of patients with COVID-19 have evaluated biological markers for predicting outcomes, most of them retrospectively and with a wide scope of clinical severity. We followed a prospective cohort of patients admitted in hospital wards with moderate COVID-19 disease, including those with a history of kidney transplantation, and examined the ability of changes in routine hematologic laboratory parameters to predict and mirror the patients' clinical course regarding the severity of their condition (classified as critical vs. non-critical) and in-hospital mortality or hospital discharge. Among the 68 patients, 20 (29%) were kidney transplanted patients (KT), and they had much higher mortality than non-kidney transplanted patients in this cohort (40% X 8.3%). Lymphocytes, neutrophils and neutrophils/lymphocytes ratio (NLR) at admission and platelets as well as the red blood cells parameters hemoglobin, hematocrit, and RDW by the time of hospital discharge or death clearly differentiated patients progressing to critical disease and those with clinical recovery. Patients with deteriorating clinical courses presented elevated and similar NLRs during the first week of hospitalization. However, they were dramatically different at hospital discharge, with a decrease in the survivors (NLR around 5.5) and sustained elevation in non-survivors (NLR around 21). Platelets also could distinguish survivors from non-survivors among the critical patients. In conclusion, routine hematologic tests are useful to monitor the clinical course of COVID-19 patients admitted with moderate disease. Unexpectedly, changes in hematologic tests, including lymphopenia, were not predictive of complicated outcomes among KT recipients.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores/sangre , Células Sanguíneas/patología , COVID-19/mortalidad , Trasplante de Riñón/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate cytotoxic, mutagenic and genotoxic effects on buccal mucosa and peripheral blood cells from marijuana and tobacco smokers. METHODS: For this purpose, a total of 45 volunteers were distributed into four groups: CTRL group (control): individuals who did not smoke marijuana or tobacco (n = 11); Group M: Marijuana smokers (n = 13); Group T: Tobacco smokers (n = 13); Group M + T: Smokers of both marijuana and tobacco (n = 08). RESULTS: Smokers of both marijuana and tobacco led an increase of micronucleated cells on buccal mucosa when compared to control group. The occurrence of karyolysis showed significant changes in this group as well. The comet assay data revealed genetic damage in peripheral blood cells for all groups of smokers. CONCLUSION: In summary, our results showed that marijuana and /or tobacco are able to induce genetic damage and cytotoxicity in oral and peripheral blood cells.
Asunto(s)
Células Sanguíneas/patología , Cannabis/efectos adversos , Inestabilidad Genómica/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Humo/efectos adversos , Fumar/efectos adversos , Adulto , Células Sanguíneas/efectos de los fármacos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Mucosa Bucal/efectos de los fármacos , Pronóstico , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), as cells shed from solid tumor into the vasculature, play a significant role in tumor metastasis. In the peripheral blood, immune cells and stromal cells can interact with CTCs and influence their biological behaviors of survival, proliferation, dissemination, and immune evasion. These peripheral blood cells can evolve synergistically with CTCs to constitute the liquid microenvironment which is essential for tumor progression. Here, we review the mechanisms of peripheral blood cells interacting with CTCs and uncover their effects on both CTCs and tumor metastasis. Then, we introduce the applications of these CTC-associated peripheral blood cells in the clinical setting. Besides, some peripheral blood cell subsets are of additional clinical values to CTCs in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. To improve the clinical utility of CTCs, an integrative analysis of CTCs and associated peripheral blood cells should be advocated for, which could provide a novel insight into tumor biology and offer comprehensive information in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy efficacy evaluation.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes/patología , Microambiente Tumoral , Humanos , Biopsia Líquida , Neoplasias/sangre , PronósticoRESUMEN
Citrobacter freundii is a fish pathogen known for its ability to cause injury and high mortality. There have been no studies reporting the effect of this bacterium on hematological parameters and internal organ histology in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the hematological and histopathological effects of an experimentally induced C. freundii infection in silver catfish. Twenty fish were divided into healthy and infected groups. The fish of the infected group were inoculated intramuscularly with 100⯵L of bacterial suspension (6.4â¯×â¯108â¯CFUâ¯mL-1), while healthy control animals received 100⯵L of sterile saline. On day 18 post-infection, blood and tissues (cephalic kidneys, livers, and spleens) were collected for histological analysis. The infected animals presented high mortality, as well as hematological and histological changes. In relation to hematology, the infected fish presented aregenerative anemia, protein loss, leukopenia with neutropenia, lymphocytosis, and leukoblastosis. Regarding histology, there was liver degeneration, decrease in the amount of renal hematopoietic tissue, and the presence of melanomacrophage centers (MMCs) in the spleen and cephalic kidney of infected fish. In summary, these alterations may contribute to disease pathophysiology, contributing to high mortality of affected fish.
Asunto(s)
Bagres/microbiología , Citrobacter freundii/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Peces/patología , Estructuras Animales/patología , Animales , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae/microbiología , Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae/patología , Enfermedades de los Peces/microbiología , Histocitoquímica , Análisis de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Dengue virus, represented by four distinct, genetically diverse serotypes, is the etiologic agent of asymptomatic to severe hemorrhagic diseases. The spatiotemporal dynamics of dengue serotypes and its association to specific diseases vary among the different regions worldwide. By 2007, and in São Paulo State, Brazil, dengue-case concentration in urban centers had changed to increased incidence in small- and medium-sized towns, the case of Marília. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article was to distinguish dengue serotypes circulating during the 2007 Marília outbreak and define their association to demographic and hematological patient profiles, as well as the phylogenetic relationships among the different viruses. STUDY DESIGN: PCR amplicons corresponding to the junction of capsid and dengue pre-membrane encoding genes, obtained from dengue serologically positive patients, were sequenced. Hematological and demographic data of patients with different Dengue serotypes were evaluated by univariate and bivariate statistics. Dengue PCR sequences were used in phylogenetic relationships analyzed for maximum parsimony. RESULTS: Molecular typing confirmed co-circulation of the dengue serotypes 1 (DENV1) and 3 (DENV3), which presented divergent correlation patterns with regard to hematological descriptors. The increase in atypical lymphocytes, a likely indication of virus load, could be significantly associated to a decrease in leukocyte counts in the DENV3 group and platelet in the DENV1. Phylogenetic reconstitution revealed the introduction of DENV1 from northern Brazil and local divergence of DENV3 by either microevolution or viral introduction from other geographical regions or both. CONCLUSIONS: Dengue dynamics showed regional molecular-epidemiologic specificity, which has important implications for introduction of vaccines, disease management, and transmission control.
Asunto(s)
Virus del Dengue/clasificación , Virus del Dengue/aislamiento & purificación , Dengue/epidemiología , Dengue/virología , Brotes de Enfermedades , Serogrupo , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Análisis por Conglomerados , Virus del Dengue/genética , Femenino , Técnicas de Genotipaje , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Epidemiología Molecular , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Homología de Secuencia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
CONTEXT: Crack cocaine is an illicit drug derived from cocaine, in which use and abuse have increased around the world, especially in developing countries. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate genomic damage in multiple organs of mice following acute exposure to crack cocaine. For this purpose, single cell gel (comet) assay in peripheral blood, liver, kidney, and brain cells was performed and micronucleus test for bone narrow and liver cells was also made in this setting. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 20 C57BL/10 male mice were distributed into four groups, as follows: 0, 4.5, 9, and 18 mg/kg b.w. of crack cocaine dissolved to 1% dimethyl sulfoxide by intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. All animals were sacrificed 24 h after i.p. injection. RESULTS: The results showed that crack cocaine induced DNA damage in peripheral blood, and brain cells for higher doses used as depicted by single cell gel (comet) assay data. Analysis of kidney cells showed no genetic damage for all groups tested. The number of micronucleated cells did not increase after crack cocaine exposure in bone narrow or liver cells. CONCLUSION: In summary, crack cocaine is a genotoxic agent in peripheral blood, liver, and brain cells but not mutagenic in multiple organs of mice.
Asunto(s)
Cocaína Crack/toxicidad , Daño del ADN , Micronúcleos con Defecto Cromosómico/inducido químicamente , Mutágenos/toxicidad , Animales , Células Sanguíneas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Células de la Médula Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Células de la Médula Ósea/patología , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/patología , Células Cultivadas , Ensayo Cometa , Inyecciones Intraperitoneales , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/patología , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Pruebas de MicronúcleosRESUMEN
Este estudo objetivou avaliar e correlacionar a microdensidade vascular (MDV) e a quantidade de células de Langerhans (CLs) presentes em ameloblastoma (AB). Vinte e cinco lesões em blocos parafinados de AB foram analisados através de técnica imuno-histoquímica onde foram empregados dois marcadores, anti-CD1a e anti-CD207, para quantificar as células de Langerhans, e o CD34 para avaliar a MDV. A imunomarcação para o CD1a, CD207 e CD34 foi observada em 88% dos casos analisados, mostrando uma significativa associação estatística (p = 0.001, FisherÆs test). Não foi observada correlação estatística entre MDV e CLs, nem relação entre as imunomarcações com os tipos unicístico e sólido. No entanto, a imunomarcação pelo CD1a e CD207 teve uma correlação estatisticamente significante (p valor = 0,001, teste de Spearmann). As CLs e a MDV parecem influenciar na imunopatogênese do ameloblastoma, apesar de não ter sido encontrada correlação estatisticamente significante entre esses dois achados, mas possivelmente por essas células dendríticas produzirem citocinas inflamatórias indutoras de destruição óssea e mitose celular.
The aim of this study was to assess and correlate microvessel density (MVD) and the quantity of Langerhans cells (LC) present in ameloblastomas (AB). Twenty-five paraffin-embedded blocks of AB lesions were analyzed using the immunohistochemical technique in which anti-CD1a and anti-CD207 markers were used to quantify the Langerhans cells and the CD34 marker to assess MVD. In 88% of the analyzed cases immunostaining was observed for CD1a, CD207, and CD34, with statistically significant association (p = 0.001, FisherÆs test). No statistical correlation was observed between MVD and LCs nor between immunostainings with solid and unicyst ameloblastoma. However, statistically significant correlation (p value = 0,001, Spearman test) was observed between CD1a and CD207 immunostaining. The LCs and MVD seemed to influence immunopathogenesis of ameloblastoma, although no statistically significant correlation was observed between these two findings, probably because these dendritic cells produce inflammatory cytokines that induce bone destruction and cell mitosis.
Asunto(s)
Ameloblastoma , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Inmunohistoquímica/métodos , Neoplasias de la Boca , Estadísticas no ParamétricasRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to employ high throughput image analysis to detect necrosis and apoptosis. Specific markers were replaced by morphological parameters of cells and nuclei. METHOD: Fresh blood was taken from a healthy female and given a treatment to induce cell necrosis and apoptosis. Afterward, the samples were stained with AnnexinV-FITC, DRAQ5 and DAPI. Slides were made and analyzed using the cytometer iCys. Pictures were scanned. The analyzed sample consisted of 73 sets of images of DAPI, DRAQ5 and AnnexinV-FITC, respectively. For image analysis and subsequent statistical processing, the CellProfiler and CellProfilerAnalyst were used. Each sample was analyzed twice. The first analysis was conducted using the markers (DAPI, DRAQ5 and Annexin) for an unequivocal identification and subsequent count of necrotic, apoptotic and live cells (gold standard). Thereafter, a second analysis was performed for the nuclear morphology and texture (morphometric analysis). After the machine learning process was completed, the software calculated the quantity of cells in each of the three groups. A comparison between the result of the gold standard and the morphometric analysis was performed using linear regression and a Bland-Altman test. RESULTS: The linear regression between the two compared analyses was r(2)=0.57 for apoptosis, r(2)=0.84 for necrosis and r(2)=0.79 for living cells. CONCLUSION: It may be concluded that it is possible to replace specific markers against morphology without losing the reproducible high-throughput character of a cytometric analysis.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis/inmunología , Biomarcadores , Células Sanguíneas/inmunología , Núcleo Celular/inmunología , Citometría de Flujo/métodos , Adulto , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Núcleo Celular/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Necrosis/inmunología , Necrosis/patologíaRESUMEN
The Mimosa (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia) is a plant native from South America; it is used in the traditional medicine systems for treating bacterial, fungal, parasitic and inflammatory conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities induced by mimosa (M. caesalpiniifolia) in multiple rodent organs subjected to intoxication with cadmium chloride. A total of 40 Wistar rats (8 weeks old, 250 g) were distributed into eight groups (n = 5), as follows: Control group (non-treated group, CTRL); Cadmium exposed group (Cd); cadmium exposure and treated with extract at 62.5 mg/kg/day; cadmium exposure and treated with extract at 125 mg/kg/day; cadmium exposure and treated with extract at 250 mg/kg/day; cadmium exposure and treated with ethyl acetate fraction at 62.5 mg/kg/day. For evaluating the toxicogenetic potential of mimosa, two groups were included in the study being treated with extract at 250 mg/kg/day and acetate fraction of mimosa at 62 mg/kg/day, only. Extract of mimosa at concentrations of 62.5 and 125 mg decreased DNA damage in animals intoxicated with cadmium when compared to cadmium group. In a similar manner, treatment with ethyl acetate fraction of mimosa at 62.5 mg concentration in animals previously exposed to cadmium reduced genetic damage in peripheral blood cells. In a similar manner, the treatment with ethyl acetate fraction reduced DNA damage in liver cells. Oxidative DNA damage was reduced to animals exposed to cadmium and treated with 125 mg of extract as well as those intoxicated to cadmium and treated with 62.5 of acetate fraction of mimosa. Taken together, our results indicate that mimosa prevents genotoxicity induced by cadmium exposure in liver and peripheral blood cells of rats as a result of antioxidant activity.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Intoxicación por Cadmio/tratamiento farmacológico , Daño del ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Mimosa/química , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Hojas de la Planta/química , Acetatos/química , Animales , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/efectos adversos , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Células Sanguíneas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Sanguíneas/metabolismo , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Brasil , Cloruro de Cadmio/antagonistas & inhibidores , Cloruro de Cadmio/toxicidad , Intoxicación por Cadmio/sangre , Intoxicación por Cadmio/metabolismo , Intoxicación por Cadmio/patología , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Etnofarmacología , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Medicina Tradicional , Mutágenos/química , Mutágenos/toxicidad , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Fitoterapia/efectos adversos , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/efectos adversos , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Ratas Wistar , Solventes/químicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate genotoxicity and mutagenicity in peripheral blood and buccal mucosal cells in mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) I, II or VI patients. METHODS: A total of 12 patients with MPS type I, II and VI attended at the Institute of Genetics and Inborn Errors of Metabolism treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and 10 healthy control volunteers were included in this study. Mechanically exfoliated cells from cheek mucosa (left and right side) were used to micronucleus test and single cell gel (comet) assay in peripheral blood cells. RESULTS: The results of this study detected the presence of genetic damage in peripheral blood for all individuals with MPS treated with ERT, regardless of type of MPS as depicted by tail moment results. In addition, an increased number of micronucleated cells were found in buccal cells of MPS type II patients. It was also observed an increase of other nuclear alterations closely related to cytotoxicity as depicted by the frequency of pyknosis, karyolysis and karyorrhexis in buccal mucosa cells of MPS VI patients (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Taken together, such results demonstrate that metabolic alterations induced by the enzymatic deficiency characteristic of MPS associated with ERT therapy can induce genotoxicity and mutagenicity in peripheral blood and buccal mucosa cells, respectively. This effect appears to be more pronounced to MPS II.
Asunto(s)
Núcleo Celular/patología , Cromatina/patología , Daño del ADN , Fragmentación del ADN , Mucopolisacaridosis II/patología , Mucopolisacaridosis IV/patología , Mucopolisacaridosis I/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Brasil , Forma del Núcleo Celular , Niño , Preescolar , Análisis Citogenético , Terapia de Reemplazo Enzimático , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Mucopolisacaridosis I/sangre , Mucopolisacaridosis I/genética , Mucopolisacaridosis I/terapia , Mucopolisacaridosis II/sangre , Mucopolisacaridosis II/genética , Mucopolisacaridosis II/terapia , Mucopolisacaridosis IV/sangre , Mucopolisacaridosis IV/genética , Mucopolisacaridosis IV/terapia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The use of metal devices in medical application is increasing but it remains incompletely understood the physiological effects of component degradation. Niobium (Nb) alloys have already been investigated in the 1980's and recent studies demonstrated the potential of Nb as an implant material. The purpose of this study was to determine cytotoxic, hematologic and histologic effects of niobium in Swiss mice. Animals were treated with a single dose of 3 % niobium oxide (Nb2O5) diluted in PBS, i.p. Cytotoxic assay, hematologic and histologic evaluation were done 3, 7 and 12 days after niobium treatment. Data have shown increased number of cells after niobium treatment, but there was no difference in cell viability. Furthermore, it was not observed hematological modification 3, 7 or 12 days after niobium treatment. Despite the fact that animals treated with niobium for 3 and 7 days showed mild degeneration in hepatocytes, mice kept alive for 12 days showed liver cells regeneration. Our results suggested that niobium cytotoxicity was not progressive because 12 days after treatment there was an evident liver regeneration. Data obtained indicated that niobium may be promising alternatives to biomedical applications.
Asunto(s)
Materiales Biocompatibles/toxicidad , Células Sanguíneas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/etiología , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/patología , Niobio/toxicidad , Óxidos/toxicidad , Animales , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Masculino , Ratones , Niobio/administración & dosificación , Óxidos/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
This study was conducted to investigate the modulating effects of green tea polyphenols on genotoxic damage and apoptotic activity induced by hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] in CD-1 mice. Animals were divided into the following groups: (i) injected with vehicle; (ii) treated with green tea polyphenols (30 mg/kg) via gavage; (iii) injected with CrO3 (20 mg/kg) intraperitoneally; (iv) treated with green tea polyphenols in addition to CrO3. Genotoxic damage was evaluated by examining micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MN-PCEs) obtained from peripheral blood at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment. Induction of apoptosis and cell viability were assessed by differential acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. Treatment of green tea polyphenols led to no significant changes in the MN-PCEs. However, CrO3 treatment significantly increased MN-PCEs at 24 and 48 h after injection. Green tea polyphenols treatment prior to CrO3 injection led to a decrease in MN-PCEs compared to the group treated with CrO3 only. The average of apoptotic cells was increased at 48 h after treatment compared to control mice, suggesting that apoptosis could contribute to eliminate the DNA damaged cells induced by Cr (VI). Our findings support the proposed protective effects of green tea polyphenols against the genotoxic damage induced by Cr (VI).
Asunto(s)
Naranja de Acridina/metabolismo , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Células Sanguíneas/metabolismo , Cromo/toxicidad , Daño del ADN , Polifenoles/farmacología , Té/química , Animales , Células Sanguíneas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Eritrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Eritrocitos/metabolismo , Eritrocitos/patología , Etidio/metabolismo , Flavonoides/química , Flavonoides/farmacología , Masculino , Ratones , Pruebas de Micronúcleos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Coloración y EtiquetadoAsunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Hematología , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Células Sanguíneas/citología , Células Sanguíneas , VIHRESUMEN
The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate genomic damage and cellular death in exfoliated oral mucosa cells and peripheral blood from car painters. A total of 24 car painters and 19 healthy controls (non-exposed individuals) were included in this setting. Individuals had epithelial cells from cheek mucosa (left and right side) mechanically exfoliated, placed in fixative and dropped in clean slides which were checked for the specific nuclear phenotypes. A total of 5 µL from peripheral blood was collected for the single cell gel (comet) assay. The results pointed out statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) of micronucleated oral mucosa cells from car painters. In addition, DNA damage was detected in peripheral blood cells by single cell gel (comet) assay. Nevertheless, exposure to car paints did not cause increases other nuclear alterations closely related to cytotoxicity such as karrhyorexis, pyknosis and karyolysis in buccal mucosa cells. In summary, the results of the present study suggest that car painters comprise a high risk group since paints can induce genotoxic and mutagenic effects in peripheral blood and oral mucosa cells, respectively.
Asunto(s)
Automóviles , Células Sanguíneas/efectos de los fármacos , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Mucosa Bucal/efectos de los fármacos , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Pintura/toxicidad , Adolescente , Adulto , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Muerte Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Núcleo Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Núcleo Celular/patología , Ensayo Cometa , Daño del ADN , Monitoreo del Ambiente/instrumentación , Monitoreo del Ambiente/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Masculino , Micronúcleos con Defecto Cromosómico/inducido químicamente , Micronúcleos con Defecto Cromosómico/estadística & datos numéricos , Pruebas de Micronúcleos , Microscopía Fluorescente , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Activity of B-esterases (BChE: butyrylcholinesterase and CbE: carboxylesterase using two model substrates: α-naphthyl acetate and 4-nitrophenyl valerate) in a native frog, Leptodactylus chaquensis from rice fields (RF1: methamidophos and RF2: cypermethrin and endosulfan sprayed by aircraft) and non-contaminated area (pristine forest) was measured. The ability of pyridine-2-aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM) to reactivate BChE levels was also explored. In addition, changes in blood cell morphology and parasite infection were determined. Mean values of plasma BChE activities were lower in samples from the two rice fields than in those from the reference site. CbE (4-nitrophenyl valerate) levels varied in the three sites studied, being highest in RF1. Frog plasma from RF1 showed positive reactivation of BChE activity after incubation with 2-PAM. Blood parameters of frogs from RF2 revealed morphological alterations (anisochromasia and immature erythrocytes frequency). Moreover, a major infection of protozoan Trypanosoma sp. in individuals from the two rice fields was detected. We suggest that integrated use of several biomarkers (BChE and CBEs, chemical reactivation of plasma with 2-PAM, and blood cell parameters) may be a promising procedure for use in biomonitoring programmes to diagnose pesticide exposure of wild populations of this frog and other native anuran species in Argentina.
Asunto(s)
Anuros/metabolismo , Células Sanguíneas/efectos de los fármacos , Carboxilesterasa/sangre , Ecosistema , Insecticidas/toxicidad , Compuestos Organotiofosforados/toxicidad , Oryza , Piretrinas/toxicidad , Animales , Anuros/sangre , Anuros/parasitología , Argentina , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Activación Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Monitoreo Epidemiológico , Masculino , Estrés Fisiológico , Trypanosoma/fisiología , Tripanosomiasis/epidemiología , Tripanosomiasis/veterinariaRESUMEN
CD55 and CD59 are glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins with complement inhibitory properties. CD55 inhibits the formation of C3 convertases, and CD59 prevents the terminal polymerisation of the membrane attack complex. It has been reported that SLE patients seems to have an acquired deficiency of these proteins associated with secondary autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and lymphopenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of altered CD55 and CD59 expression on peripheral blood cells from SLE patients. Flow cytometric analyses were performed on red and white blood cells from 23 SLE patients and 23 healthy controls. We observed more CD55- and CD59-lymphocytes (p=0.005 and p=0.019, respectively), and CD59-granulocytes (p=0.045) in SLE patients than in controls. These results suggest there is an altered pattern of CD55 and CD59 expression on the peripheral blood cells of SLE patients, and it may play a role in the cytopenias in these patients.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos CD55/sangre , Antígenos CD59/sangre , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/sangre , Adulto , Anemia Hemolítica Autoinmune/sangre , Anemia Hemolítica Autoinmune/etiología , Recuento de Células Sanguíneas , Células Sanguíneas/inmunología , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Femenino , Citometría de Flujo , Glicosilfosfatidilinositoles/sangre , Glicosilfosfatidilinositoles/inmunología , Humanos , Inmunofenotipificación , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/complicaciones , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/inmunología , Linfopenia/sangre , Linfopenia/etiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
This study aimed to evaluate whether experimental Chagas disease in acute phase under benznidazole therapy can cause DNA damage in peripheral blood, liver, heart, and spleen cells or induce nitric oxide synthesis in spleen cells. Twenty Balb/c mice were distributed into four groups: control (non-infected animals); Trypanosoma cruzi infected; T. cruzi infected and submitted to benznidazole therapy; and only treated with benznidazole. The results obtained with the single cell gel (comet) assay showed that T. cruzi was able induce DNA damage in heart cells of both benznidazole treated or untreated infected mice. Similarly, T. cruzi infected animals showed an increase of DNA lesions in spleen cells. Regarding nitric oxide synthesis, statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in all experimental groups compared to negative control, the strongest effect observed in the T. cruzi infected group. Taken together, these results indicate that T. cruzi may increase the level of DNA damage in mice heart and spleen cells. Probably, nitric oxide plays an important role in DNA damaging whereas benznidazole was able to minimize induced T. cruzi genotoxic effects in spleen cells.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Chagas/metabolismo , Daño del ADN , Óxido Nítrico/biosíntesis , Trypanosoma cruzi/patogenicidad , Animales , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Enfermedad de Chagas/complicaciones , Enfermedad de Chagas/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Chagas/genética , Hígado/citología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Miocardio/citología , Neoplasias/etiología , Nitroimidazoles/uso terapéutico , Distribución Aleatoria , Bazo/citología , Bazo/metabolismo , Tripanocidas/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Hematogônias são precursores normais de linhagem B que apresentam características morfológicas e, algumas vezes, imunológicas similares aos linfoblastos das leucemias linfóides agudas (LLA). O objetivo desse trabalho é realizar análise comparativa por citometria de fluxo, utilizando três cores, entre sub-populações de hematogônias e blastos da LLA-B, em crianças. O Grupo 1 constou de amostras de medulas ósseas, não neoplásicas, que apresentaram hematogônias identificadas pela microscopia óptica e o Grupo 2 de casos novos de LLA-B. O painel de anticorpos monoclonais utilizado era direcionado para: CD19, CD10, CD45, CD34, IgM, TdT e CD22. A análise das hematogônias, utilizando como parâmetro a intensidade de fluorescência de CD10 X CD45, mostrou três sub-populações representando células imaturas, intermediárias e maduras. A expressão dos marcadores CD34, IgM, TdT e CD22 reforçou esses achados. Os blastos leucêmicos se apresentaram formando uma única população, com expressão de positividade apenas para antígenos de imaturidade. Considerando não só a presença ou ausência de um determinado antígeno, mas sim a sua intensidade de expressão, verificamos que hematogônias e blastos apresentam perfis imunofenotípicos diferentes.
Hematogones are normal B-lineage cell precursors with morphologic and sometimes immunophenotypic, similarities to neoplastic lymphoblasts. The aim of this work is to compare using flow cytometry sub-populations of B-lineage cells: normal bone marrow precursors (hematogones) and lymphoblasts. Normal bone marrow from patients with hematogones observed by optical microscopy and new cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia of B-cell precursors were included in the study. Antibodies directed against CD19, CD10, CD45, CD34, IgM and CD22 were used. Analysis of hematogones, using CD10 x CD45 fluorescence intensity as a parameter, showed three sub-populations: immature, intermediary and mature marker expressions. CD34, IgM, TdT and CD22 marker expressions reinforced these results. The leukemic blasts cells formed a single population with positive expression for only immature antigens. In conclusion, hematogones and blast cells demonstrated different immunophenotypic profiles. Hematogones exhibit a broad spectrum of immature, intermediary and mature cells in one sample and blast cells have essentially immature features.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Linfocitos B , Células Sanguíneas/patología , Citometría de Flujo , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células PrecursorasRESUMEN
Intra-operative autologous blood recovery offers many advantages. However, blood salvage during cancer surgery is of limited use due to the potential presence of circulating tumour cells. It was the aim of this study to show that intra-operative salvage blood can be freed of cells and cellular DNA after leucoreduction by filtration and irradiation of washed blood. Known amounts of tissue culture derived from carcinoma, melanoma and osteosarcoma were added to whole blood bags. This mixture was then submitted to washing, leucoreduction and irradiation. Samples were studied stepwise in relation to the integrity and size of DNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). After filtration and irradiation, PCR targeting the beta-globin gene (268 bp amplicon) was negative. Our results were corroborated by studying plasma samples added with tumoural cells. Using PCR methodology, we showed the absence of DNA from cells in experimentally contaminated blood and plasma bags after filtration and irradiation. This experimental study is an effort to ensure the safety of intra-operative autologous transfusion.