RESUMEN
Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de exponer las principales características gonioscópicas presentes en los pacientes glaucomatosos; efectuando una búsqueda de los principales artículos científicos de los últimos años, así como de la literatura impresa que incluye el tema, siendo seleccionados los contenidos más relevantes para la confección del informe final. Se obtuvo que la gonioscopía, como método diagnóstico, le permite al oftalmólogo el reconocimiento de signos relacionados a las diferentes enfermedades glaucomatosas, por lo que constituye un método necesario y válido en el diagnóstico y clasificación de un glaucoma. Se hace imprescindible para todo profesional de esta rama de la medicina, dominar la técnica e interpretar sus hallazgos(AU)
A bibliographical review was made aiming at exposing the fundamental gonioscopical characteristics present in glaucoma patients; searching the main scientific articles in recent years, and also within the printed literature including the topic, being chosen the most relevant contents for the elaboration of the final report. It was concluded that gonioscopy, as a diagnostic means, allows the ophthalmologist to recognize signs related with the several glaucomatous diseases, a reason why it constitutes a necessary and valid method for diagnosing and classifying glaucoma. It is indispensable for any professional worker in this area of medicine to dominate the technique and interpret its findings(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Gonioscopía/métodos , Cámara Anterior/ultraestructura , Glaucoma/diagnóstico , Glaucoma/clasificación , Diagnóstico PrecozRESUMEN
Aquatic mammals underwent morphological and physiological adaptations due to the transition from terrestrial to aquatic environment. One of the morphological changes regards their vision since cetaceans' eyes are able to withstand mechanical, chemical, osmotic, and optical water conditions. Due to insufficient information about these animals, especially regarding their sense organs, this study aimed to describe the morphology of the Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) eyeball. Three newborn females, stranded dead on the coast of Sergipe and Bahia, Brazil, were used. Samples were fixed in a 10% formalin solution, dissected, photographed, collected, and evaluated through light and electron microscopy techniques. The Humpback whale sclera was thick and had an irregular surface with mechanoreceptors in its lamina propria. Lens was dense, transparent, and ellipsoidal, consisting of three layers, and the vascularized choroid contains melanocytes, mechanoreceptors, and a fibrous tapetum lucidum. The Humpback whale eyeball is similar to other cetaceans and suggests an adaptation to diving and migration, contributing to the perception of differences in temperature, pressure, and lighting.
Asunto(s)
Ojo/anatomía & histología , Yubarta/anatomía & histología , Animales , Cámara Anterior/anatomía & histología , Cámara Anterior/ultraestructura , Coroides/anatomía & histología , Coroides/ultraestructura , Cuerpo Ciliar/anatomía & histología , Cuerpo Ciliar/ultraestructura , Córnea/anatomía & histología , Córnea/ultraestructura , Ojo/ultraestructura , Femenino , Iris/anatomía & histología , Iris/ultraestructura , Cristalino/anatomía & histología , Cristalino/ultraestructura , Microscopía , Microscopía Electrónica , Nervio Óptico/anatomía & histología , Nervio Óptico/ultraestructura , Retina/anatomía & histología , Retina/ultraestructura , Esclerótica/anatomía & histología , Esclerótica/ultraestructuraRESUMEN
The clinical picture of the chamber angle in capsular glaucoma is described. One or more waves of pigment overpass Schwalbe's line and accumulate on the posterior face of the cornea. These waves are found in the chamber angle between 4 and 8 o'clock across 6 o'clock. The pathological anatomy of the chamber angle in the exfoliation is studied with light microscopy, scanning electronmicroscopy and transmission electronmicroscopy in relation with the material of pseudoexfoliation and pigment granules and the difference with the pigmentary glaucoma is shown.