RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a DNA virus that is mostly associated with respiratory infections. However, because it has been found in stool samples, it has been suggested that it may be a causative agent for human enteric conditions. This underpins the continuous search for HBoVs, especially after the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine due to acute gastroenteritis cases related to emergent viruses, as HBoVs are more likely to be found in this post-vaccine scenario. Therefore, the aim of this study is to demonstrate the prevalence of HBoV in children aged less than 10 years with acute gastroenteritis in Brazil from November 2011 to November 2012. METHODOLOGY: Stool samples from hospitalized children ≤10 years old who presented symptoms of acute gastroenteritis were analysed for the presence of rotavirus A (RVA) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and for HBoV DNA by nested PCR. RESULTS: HBoV positivity was detected in 24.0 % (54/225) of samples. Two peaks of HBoV detection were observed in November 2011 and from July to September 2012. Co-infections between HBoV and rotavirus A were identified in 50.0 % (27/54) of specimens. Phylogenetic analysis identified the presence of HBoV-1 (94.8 %), HBoV-2 (2.6 %) and HBoV-3 (2.6 %) species, with only minor variations among them. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence for the circulation of most HBoV genotypes (except HBoV-4) in the North Region of Brazil at a considerable rate and further investigations are necessary to improve our knowledge in the context of HBoV infections and their role in gastrointestinal diseases.
Asunto(s)
Gastroenteritis/epidemiología , Bocavirus Humano/genética , Epidemiología Molecular , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Brasil/epidemiología , Proteínas de la Cápside/genética , Niño , Preescolar , Coinfección/epidemiología , Coinfección/virología , ADN Viral/genética , Heces/virología , Femenino , Gastroenteritis/virología , Genotipo , Bocavirus Humano/clasificación , Bocavirus Humano/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/virología , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Prevalencia , Rotavirus/inmunología , Rotavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Rotavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rotavirus/virología , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
Abstract Human Bocavirus (HBoV) has been identified from feces and respiratory samples from cases of both acute gastroenteritis and respiratory illness as well as in asymptomatic individuals. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize HBoV from fecal samples collected from hospitalized children aged less than five years old with no symptoms of respiratory tract infection (RTI) or acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The study involved 119 children and one fecal sample was collected from each participant between 2014 and 2015. HBoV was detected using Nested-PCR, and the viral type identified by genomic sequencing. HBoV-4 was identified from one sample obtained from a hospitalized child with soft tissue tumor of the submandibular region. This is the first report of HBoV-4 identification in Brazil, but we consider that this type may be circulating in the country similar to the other types and new investigations are necessary.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/virología , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/virología , Bocavirus Humano/aislamiento & purificación , Gastroenteritis/virología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/complicaciones , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/epidemiología , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/complicaciones , Brasil/epidemiología , Neoplasias Mandibulares/complicaciones , Enfermedad Aguda , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/complicaciones , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Bocavirus Humano/clasificación , Gastroenteritis/complicaciones , Gastroenteritis/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Human Bocavirus (HBoV) has been identified from feces and respiratory samples from cases of both acute gastroenteritis and respiratory illness as well as in asymptomatic individuals. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize HBoV from fecal samples collected from hospitalized children aged less than five years old with no symptoms of respiratory tract infection (RTI) or acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The study involved 119 children and one fecal sample was collected from each participant between 2014 and 2015. HBoV was detected using Nested-PCR, and the viral type identified by genomic sequencing. HBoV-4 was identified from one sample obtained from a hospitalized child with soft tissue tumor of the submandibular region. This is the first report of HBoV-4 identification in Brazil, but we consider that this type may be circulating in the country similar to the other types and new investigations are necessary.
Asunto(s)
Gastroenteritis/virología , Bocavirus Humano/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/virología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/virología , Enfermedad Aguda , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Gastroenteritis/complicaciones , Gastroenteritis/epidemiología , Bocavirus Humano/clasificación , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Neoplasias Mandibulares/complicaciones , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/complicaciones , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/complicaciones , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/epidemiología , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/complicacionesRESUMEN
The human bocavirus (HBoV) was added as a new member of the Parvoviridae family in 2005 upon its discovery in nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with respiratory infection. Recently, there has been increasing evidence of worldwide circulation of HBoV; however, in Latin America few studies have been conducted. In order to detect the circulation of HBoV in Panama, based on the National Flu Surveillance System, we developed this retrospective, cross-sectional study, from January 2011 to January 2012. Children younger than 6 years old who presented with respiratory disease were enrolled in this study. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken in sentinel surveillance sites. Samples were tested to detect mRNA from HBoV, as well as viral RNA and DNA from others respiratory viruses. A total of 1078 patients were enrolled in this study. Overall, 44 (4.1%) of the patients presented HBoV. The most common symptoms were cough (84.6%), fever (82.1%), rhinorrhea (74.4%), and sore throat (38.5%). Less than half (45.5%) of HBoV infected patients presented with monoinfection while 54.5% of cases presented with coinfection with others respiratory viruses. Both, outpatients and inpatients were included in this study. Outpatients corresponded to 52.3% of the cases and 47.7% were inpatients. Coinfection was observed in the 50% of the inpatient cases. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the circulating strains belonged to different clades of HBoV genotype 1. Taken together, our results support the pathogenic nature of this viral agent, especially in younger children.
Asunto(s)
Bocavirus Humano/genética , Bocavirus Humano/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/virología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/virología , Niño , Preescolar , Coinfección/virología , Tos/etiología , Tos/virología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Fiebre/etiología , Fiebre/virología , Genotipo , Bocavirus Humano/clasificación , Bocavirus Humano/patogenicidad , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Nasofaringe/virología , Panamá/epidemiología , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , ARN Viral/análisis , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Carga ViralRESUMEN
Epidemiological surveillance for Human Bocavirus (HBoV) was conducted on 105 fecal specimens from children with acute gastroenteritis in Bahia, Brazil. Among of a total 105 stool samples, 44 samples were positive for HBoV as detected by nested-PCR. Of the 44 positive samples, co-infections with other enteric viruses (Norovirus, Adenovirus, and Rotavirus) were found in 12 pediatric patients. Mixed infections among HBoV with Norovirus were frequently observed in this population. The phylogenetic analysis identified the presence of HBoV-1, and HBoV 2A species. This study shows that HBoV is another viral pathogen in the etiology of acute gastroenteritis in children in Bahia, Brazil.
Asunto(s)
Gastroenteritis/epidemiología , Gastroenteritis/virología , Bocavirus Humano/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/virología , Adenoviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Brasil/epidemiología , Preescolar , Coinfección/epidemiología , Coinfección/virología , Monitoreo Epidemiológico , Heces/virología , Femenino , Genotipo , Bocavirus Humano/clasificación , Bocavirus Humano/genética , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Norovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Prevalencia , Rotavirus/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
We detected human bocavirus in 89 (19.3%) of 462 fecal samples collected during 3 periods from 1985 through 2010 from children <5 years of age in Chile who were hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis. Our findings confirm the long-term circulation of human bocavirus in Chile.
Asunto(s)
Gastroenteritis/epidemiología , Bocavirus Humano/clasificación , Bocavirus Humano/genética , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Preescolar , Chile/epidemiología , ADN Viral , Gastroenteritis/historia , Gastroenteritis/virología , Variación Genética , Genotipo , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/historia , Filogenia , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/genéticaRESUMEN
To determine the positivity rate of human bocavirus (HBoV) 1 and 3 among children who presented with acute gastroenteritis symptoms during the period of 1994-2004 in the Central-West Region of Brazil, 762 faecal samples were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of HBoV DNA. Primers for a segment of the non-structural viral protein 1 (NS1) gene of HBoV-1 and HBoV-3 were used. Twelve HBoV-positive samples were further characterised via genomic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Of the samples tested, 5.8% (n = 44) were positive for HBoV-1 or HBoV-3 and co-infection was observed in 14 (31.8%) of the 44 HBoV-positive samples. Nine of the 14 samples were also positive for Rotavirus A and five were positive for Aichi virus. The genomic sequencing of the NS1 partial sequence of 12 HBoV-samples showed that 11 samples were characterised as HBoV-1 and that one was characterised as HBoV-3. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the HBoV-1 samples had a high sequence homology to others previously identified in China, Sweden and Brazil. This is the first study conducted in the Central-West Region of Brazil to detect HBoV-1 and HBoV-3 in faecal samples from children with acute gastroenteritis. Further studies are required to define the role of HBoVs as aetiological agents of gastroenteritis.
Asunto(s)
Gastroenteritis/virología , Bocavirus Humano/genética , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/virología , Enfermedad Aguda , Brasil/epidemiología , Preescolar , ADN Viral/análisis , Heces/virología , Femenino , Gastroenteritis/epidemiología , Bocavirus Humano/clasificación , Bocavirus Humano/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Masculino , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Estaciones del AñoRESUMEN
To determine the positivity rate of human bocavirus (HBoV) 1 and 3 among children who presented with acute gastroenteritis symptoms during the period of 1994-2004 in the Central-West Region of Brazil, 762 faecal samples were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of HBoV DNA. Primers for a segment of the non-structural viral protein 1 (NS1) gene of HBoV-1 and HBoV-3 were used. Twelve HBoV-positive samples were further characterised via genomic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Of the samples tested, 5.8% (n = 44) were positive for HBoV-1 or HBoV-3 and co-infection was observed in 14 (31.8%) of the 44 HBoV-positive samples. Nine of the 14 samples were also positive for Rotavirus A and five were positive for Aichi virus. The genomic sequencing of the NS1 partial sequence of 12 HBoV-samples showed that 11 samples were characterised as HBoV-1 and that one was characterised as HBoV-3. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the HBoV-1 samples had a high sequence homology to others previously identified in China, Sweden and Brazil. This is the first study conducted in the Central-West Region of Brazil to detect HBoV-1 and HBoV-3 in faecal samples from children with acute gastroenteritis. Further studies are required to define the role of HBoVs as aetiological agents of gastroenteritis.
Asunto(s)
Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Gastroenteritis/virología , Bocavirus Humano/genética , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/virología , Enfermedad Aguda , Brasil/epidemiología , ADN Viral/análisis , Heces/virología , Gastroenteritis/epidemiología , Bocavirus Humano/clasificación , Bocavirus Humano/aislamiento & purificación , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Estaciones del AñoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The newly described human bocavirus (HBoV) species 2 and 3 have been repeatedly detected in stool strengthening the possibility that these viruses might present a tropism for the gastrointestinal tract and may be etiological agents of diarrhea. OBJECTIVE: In this study we assessed the presence of HBoV2 and HBoV3 in stool specimens from Brazilians with acute gastroenteritis. STUDY DESIGN: Stool samples from Brazilian patients with acute diarrhea were analyzed for HBoV2 and HBoV3 by PCR assay. Full or partial genome sequences were obtained for selected isolates. Electron microscopy analysis was used to investigate virus morphology. RESULTS: Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of virus-like particles in HBoV PCR-positive specimens, with morphology similar to other members of the Parvoviridae family. Five samples out of 807 (0.6%) were positive for HBoV3. Three of the HBoV3-positive patients were HIV/AIDS positive. A selected group of 144 samples was also tested for HBoV2 and 30 samples (20.8%) were positive, 11 of which were HIV/AIDS positive. CONCLUSION: This study reports the detection and genetic characterization of HBoV3 and HBoV2 in the stool of Brazilian patients with acute diarrhea. This is the first description of HBoV3 outside Australia, suggesting a wide global distribution of this virus. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of HBoV in gastrointestinal infections, particularly among patients with HIV/AIDS.