RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In context of COVID-19 as a collective trauma and the intense involvement of healthcare workers (HCWs) in the pandemic, perceived stress continues to have a tremendous impact on their psychological well-being. However, few studies have attempted to delineate the underlying mechanisms. This study examined whether COVID-19-related traumatic stress symptoms and mentalization act as mediators. METHODS: A sample of HCWs (N = 2610) from 22 hospitals in Beijing, China participated in this cross-sectional investigation. Data on their perceived stress, psychological well-being, the impact of event, and reflective function during the COVID-19 pandemic were collected using self-report questionnaires. Different mediating models were tested. RESULTS: COVID-19-related stress symptoms and mentalization independently mediate the association between perceived stress and psychological well-being. These two mediators also compose a serial mediation model. In particular, higher perceived stress inhibits the psychological well-being of HCWs through increased severity of traumatic stress symptoms, which in turn is associated with hypomentalizing. CONCLUSION: These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the relationship between perceived stress and psychological well-being in HCWs. We strongly recommend incorporating a mentalization framework with trauma-informed practice in prevention and intervention work with this population during this and future healthcare crisis.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Personal de Salud , Pandemias , Humanos , COVID-19/psicología , COVID-19/epidemiología , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Personal de Salud/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Salud Mental , Persona de Mediana Edad , SARS-CoV-2 , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , China/epidemiología , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has disrupted lives worldwide, affecting individuals from all walks of life. Individuals who have a spinal cord injury (SCI) are also affected by this phenomenon. This survey compares the quality of life (QOL), depression, and anxiety of SCI patients before and during COVID-19 in Wuhan City, China. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey utilized an online questionnaire to assess the QOL, levels of anxiety, and depression among 189 SCI patients admitted to Wuhan Tongji Hospital during pandemic from November 2020 to April 2021. Data before COVID-19 outbreak from November to December 2019 was retrieved from hospital records with the same assessment previously performed in-person or during a follow up visit. However, some participants were excluded for various reasons, such as declining to participate, not being admitted to a rehabilitation program due to the pandemic, or being under 18 years old. The World Health Organization's (WHO) QOL-Brief Version (BREF) and disability (DIS) modules, which focus on disability-related QOL, were used to assess the participants' QOL. RESULTS: SCI patients had lower QOL scores during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic times. Mean scores on the 12-item DIS module significantly differed before and during the COVID-19 period. Participants showed higher adherence to self-isolation and quarantine measures for high-risk encounters (64.94%), but lower compliance with home disinfection and proper rest practices (23.38%). CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a detrimental effect on the QOL of SCI patients in China, highlighting the urgent requirement for telehealth-based rehabilitation to mitigate its impact. It is crucial to provide essential.
Asunto(s)
Ansiedad , COVID-19 , Depresión , Calidad de Vida , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal , Humanos , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/psicología , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/epidemiología , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/rehabilitación , COVID-19/psicología , COVID-19/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , China/epidemiología , Ansiedad/etiología , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Ansiedad/psicología , Depresión/psicología , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/etiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Pandemias , Anciano , Adulto Joven , SARS-CoV-2 , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Studying in a foreign country can be accompanied by challenges, including difficulty understanding the curriculum, culture shock, and a new language. These additional challenges place international students at risk and predispose them to developing mental health problems compared to domestic student. AIMS: This study explores psychological well-being and help-seeking behaviours of international nursing students who commenced their program onshore or in a remote learning capacity. MATERIALS & METHODS: This paper reports the findings of the mixed-methods study. Research was conducted among international students enrolled in the Bachelor of Nursing programs across multiple campuses at two Victorian universities in 2022. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire with open-response questions and incorporated a validated Student Stress Survey. RESULTS: Findings indicated that international students require support financially and to settle in Australia upon arrival. Participants highlighted that they require additional support to keep up with academic workloads and require further academic support tailored for international students. There was no patient or public contribution in the design, conduct, analysis or preparation of this manuscript. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION: Participants highlighted that they require additional support to keep up with academic workloads and require further academic support tailored for international students. There was no patient or public contribution in the design, conduct, analysis or preparation of this manuscript.
Asunto(s)
Bachillerato en Enfermería , Conducta de Búsqueda de Ayuda , Estudiantes de Enfermería , Humanos , Estudiantes de Enfermería/psicología , Estudiantes de Enfermería/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Masculino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto , Australia , Adulto Joven , Victoria , Curriculum , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Academic self-efficacy and psychological well-being play a crucial role in the mental health of nursing students and influence whether they decide to remain in the nursing profession. AIMS: This study aimed to determine the effect of laughter therapy on self-efficacy and psychological well-being in nursing students. METHODS: In this randomized controlled study, 208 nursing students were randomly assigned to an experimental (n = 102) and a control (n = 106) group. The experimental group received laughter therapy face-to-face once a week for eight weeks. No intervention was applied to the control group. In both groups, data were collected at the beginning of the study and the end of the eighth week using a Sociodemographic Questionnaire Form, the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale. RESULTS: In the post-study group comparisons, there was a statistically significant difference in the scores for the total Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, the external emotion management and collegiality subscales, and the total Psychological Well-Being Scale (p > 0.05). With regard to all the scale scores, no statistically significant difference was found in the groups in the pre- and post-comparisons (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that laughter therapy increased the mean psychological well-being score in the experimental group. It was also found that after the laughter therapy, distraction and loss of interest in lectures decreased, stress and anxiety levels decreased, eating and sleeping habits were regulated, and social media use decreased. Laughter therapy can be used to increase self-efficacy and psychological well-being.
Asunto(s)
Risoterapia , Autoeficacia , Estudiantes de Enfermería , Humanos , Risoterapia/psicología , Estudiantes de Enfermería/psicología , Femenino , Masculino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Salud Mental , Risa/psicología , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
This study explores the relationship between psychological well-being and emotional profiles of adolescents in the context of school bullying. Bullying, characterized by repeated aggressive behavior, has severe psychological impacts, including anxiety, depression, and reduced self-esteem. The research involved 71 adolescents (ages 10-13) from various regions of Armenia. Using tools such as the Psychological Well-Being Study Method, Spielberger-Khanin Anxiety Inventory, Izard's Differential Emotions Scale, and Norkina's Bullying Structure Test, the study found that most adolescents have average psychological well-being, with higher social and spiritual health. Emotional profiles showed moderate levels of positive emotions, especially, interest and joy, but also was revealed the high levels of index of negative emotions, especially disgust, anger and guilt. The most common bullying role was "protector," followed by "helper," "bully," "victim," and "observer." Significant correlations were observed between emotional states and bullying roles, highlighting the influence of emotional well-being on bullying behavior. The study suggests that comprehensive anti-bullying programs should address psychological and emotional factors to effectively reduce bullying.
Asunto(s)
Acoso Escolar , Emociones , Instituciones Académicas , Humanos , Acoso Escolar/psicología , Adolescente , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Depresión/psicología , Ansiedad/psicología , Autoimagen , Salud Mental , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Low physical activity among older adults is related to adverse health outcomes such as depression and loneliness, poor physical function and increased risk of falls. This study was designed to increase physical activity through a digital, group-based, physical activity and music intervention and to examine its effectiveness on social, mental and physical health outcomes. METHODS: Participants were 34 older adults (65 years +) recruited across four care homes in Scotland to a pilot study. Surveys were administered at baseline and post-intervention, comprising measures of fear of falling, depression and anxiety, loneliness, sleep satisfaction and quality of life. A battery of physical function tests and saliva sampling for cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone hormone analysis were also conducted at each time point. Additionally, process evaluation measures (recruitment, intervention fidelity, attendance, retention rates and safety) were monitored. The intervention comprised 12 weeks of three prescribed digital sessions per week: movement and music (n = 2) and music-only (n = 1), delivered by an activity coordinator in the care home. Post-intervention interviews with staff and participants were conducted to gain qualitative data on the acceptability of the intervention. RESULTS: An average of 88% of prescribed sessions were delivered. Pre- to post-intervention intention-to-treat analysis across all participants revealed significant improvements in anxiety, salivary DHEA, fear of falling and loneliness. There were no significant improvements in health-related quality of life, perceived stress, sleep satisfaction or physical function tests, including handgrip strength. Qualitative analysis highlighted benefits of and barriers to the programme. CONCLUSIONS: The digital movement and music intervention was deemed acceptable and delivered with moderate fidelity, justifying progression to a full-scale trial. Although a proper control group would have yielded more confident causal relationships, preliminary psychosocial and biological effects were evident from this trial. To show significant improvements in physical function, it is likely that a bigger sample size providing sufficient power to detect significant changes, greater adherence, longer intervention and/or higher exercise volume may be necessary. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT05601102 on 01/11/2022.
Asunto(s)
Hogares para Ancianos , Musicoterapia , Bienestar Psicológico , Calidad de Vida , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Accidentes por Caídas/prevención & control , Ansiedad/terapia , Ansiedad/psicología , Depresión/terapia , Depresión/psicología , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Ejercicio Físico/psicología , Soledad/psicología , Musicoterapia/métodos , Casas de Salud , Proyectos Piloto , Calidad de Vida/psicología , EscociaRESUMEN
This study explores psychological well-being in adolescence through a multidimensional perspective using the Adolescent Students' Basic Psychological Needs at School Scale, derived from the Self-Determination Theory. The ASBPNSS focuses on three basic psychological needs (Competence, Autonomy, and Relatedness) in adolescence and has not yet been used within the school context in Italy. This study's main objectives are: (1) to validate a preliminary Italian version of the ASBPNSS; (2) to analyze the association between well-being at school and self-efficacy for self-regulated learning; and (3) to verify whether there are differences by gender. A sample of 395 students (mean age = 17.5; SD = 0.75) completed the ASBPNSS and the Self-Efficacy for Self-Regulated Learning Scale. The factorial structure, composite reliability, and gender invariance of the ASBPNSS were examined. Associations between well-being at school and self-efficacy were tested with structural equation models (CFI = 0.935, TLI = 0.925; RMSEA = 0.054). Measures of well-being were associated with school self-efficacy for self-regulated learning, which predicted Competence (beta = 0.639), Relatedness (beta = 0.350), and Autonomy (beta = 0.309). These relationships were invariant over gender, although girls reported lower latent means in the Relatedness factor. This study highlights the importance of promoting school self-efficacy and well-being in adolescence.
Asunto(s)
Aprendizaje , Autoeficacia , Estudiantes , Humanos , Femenino , Adolescente , Masculino , Italia , Estudiantes/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Autonomía Personal , Instituciones Académicas , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
Procrastination is generally regarded as a dysfunctional tendency to postpone tasks, due to its consequences on performance and psychological well-being. Previous research has indicated that it is linked to perfectionism and narcissism, but with mixed results. The present study explored the interaction between procrastination, perceived parental expectations, multidimensional perfectionism, and narcissism in a sample of 548 Italian young adults aged 18-35 years (M = 23.9; SD = 4.3). Participants completed an online survey consisting of a sociodemographic questionnaire and psychometric measures assessing the constructs of interest. The results showed that: (a) procrastination was positively correlated with socially prescribed perfectionism only, which, in turn, was positively correlated with perceived parental expectations and criticism, and both narcissistic grandiosity and vulnerability; (b) perceived parental expectations and criticism and narcissistic vulnerability had a positive effect on socially prescribed perfectionism, while procrastination had a negative one; and (c) narcissistic vulnerability mediated the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and procrastination. Taken together, the findings contribute to a better understanding of the link between procrastination, perfectionism, and narcissism in young adults, and highlight the relevance of contemporary parenting styles and the current sociocultural background for understanding dilatory behaviors.
Asunto(s)
Narcisismo , Perfeccionismo , Procrastinación , Humanos , Italia , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
Background: Compared to civilians and non-medical personnel, military medical doctors are at increased risk for sleep disturbances and impaired psychological well-being. Despite their responsibility and workload, no research has examined sleep disturbances and psychological well-being among the medical doctors (MDs) of the Swiss Armed Forces (SAF). Thus, the aims of the proposed study are (1) to conduct a cross-sectional study (labeled 'Survey-Study 1') of sleep disturbances and psychological well-being among MDs of the SAF; (2) to identify MDs who report sleep disturbances (insomnia severity index >8), along with low psychological well-being such as symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, but also emotion regulation, concentration, social life, strengths and difficulties, and mental toughness both in the private/professional and military context and (3) to offer those MDs with sleep disturbances an evidence-based and standardized online interventional group program of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (eCBTi) over a time lapse of 6 weeks (labeled 'Intervention-Study 2'). Method: All MDs serving in the SAF (N = 480) will be contacted via the SAF-secured communication system to participate in a cross-sectional survey of sleep disturbances and psychological well-being ('Survey-Study 1'). Those who consent will be provided a link to a secure online survey that assesses sleep disturbances and psychological well-being (depression, anxiety, stress, coping), including current working conditions, job-related quality of life, mental toughness, social context, family/couple functioning, substance use, and physical activity patterns. Baseline data will be screened to identify those MDs who report sleep disturbances (insomnia severity index >8); they will be re-contacted, consented, and randomly assigned either to the eCBTi or the active control condition (ACC) ('Intervention-Study 2'). Individuals in the intervention condition will participate in an online standardized and evidence-based group intervention program of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (eCBTi; once the week for six consecutive weeks; 60-70 min duration/session). Participants in the ACC will participate in an online group counseling (once the week for six consecutive weeks; 60-70 min duration/session), though, the ACC is not intended as a bona fide psychotherapeutic intervention. At the beginning of the intervention (baseline), at week 3, and at week 6 (post-intervention) participants complete a series of self-rating questionnaires as for the Survey-Study 1, though with additional questionnaires covering sleep-related cognitions, experiential avoidance, and dimensions of self-awareness. Expected outcomes: Survey-Study 1: We expect to describe the prevalence rates of, and the associations between sleep disturbances (insomnia (sleep quality); sleep onset latency (SOL); awakenings after sleep onset (WASO)) and psychological well-being among MDs of the SAF; we further expect to identify specific dimensions of psychological well-being, which might be rather associated or non-associated with sleep disturbances.Intervention-Study 2: We expect several significant condition-by-time-interactions. Such that participants in the eCBTi will report significantly greater improvement in sleep disturbances, symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress reduction both at work and at home (family related stress), and an improvement in the overall quality of life as compared to the ACC over the period of the study. Conclusion: The study offers the opportunity to understand the prevalence of sleep disturbances, including factors of psychological well-being among MDs of the SAF. Further, based on the results of the Intervention-Study 2, and if supported, eCBTi may be a promising method to address sleep disturbances and psychological well-being among the specific context of MDs in the SAF.
Asunto(s)
Personal Militar , Médicos , Bienestar Psicológico , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ansiedad , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Estudios Longitudinales , Personal Militar/psicología , Personal Militar/estadística & datos numéricos , Médicos/psicología , Médicos/estadística & datos numéricos , Bienestar Psicológico/psicología , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño/psicología , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño/terapia , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/epidemiología , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , SuizaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There is already considerable evidence suggesting the potential existence of a comprehensive system that reflects how individuals utilize psychological capital (PsyCap) to preserve mental health amid daily stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic. To explore the underlying mechanism of this system, the current study is the first to use network analysis showing the dimension-level correlation patterns of daily stressors, subjective well-being (SWB), psychological distress and PsyCap during the pandemic. METHOD: We recruited 1556 participants in China and assessed daily stressors, SWB, psychological distress, and PsyCap through self-report questionnaires. A dimension-level network analysis was conducted to identify key dimensions and their associations. Relative importance analysis examined the contribution of each PsyCap dimension to SWB and psychological distress. RESULT: Depression, anxiety and stress demonstrated high strength, and life satisfaction exhibited the highest bridge strength in the network. The great majority dimensions of daily stressors had positive connections with stress and anxiety, while financial restrictions and dissatisfaction with education/occupation had negative connections with life satisfaction. Self-efficacy and optimism were positively connected with life satisfaction. Hope and resilience were negatively connected with stress, as well as hope and optimism were negatively connected with depression. Optimism and self-efficacy made the highest contribution to SWB, while resilience made the highest contribution to psychological distress among PsyCap dimensions. CONCLUSION: The findings elucidate the intricate relationship between daily stressors, SWB, psychological distress and PsyCap during the pandemic. Targeted interventions focusing on the specific PsyCap dimensions may enhance mental health outcomes in the post-COVID-19 era.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Depresión , Satisfacción Personal , Distrés Psicológico , Resiliencia Psicológica , Estrés Psicológico , Humanos , COVID-19/psicología , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , China , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Depresión/psicología , Ansiedad/psicología , Salud Mental , Autoeficacia , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto Joven , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Optimismo/psicología , Esperanza , Anciano , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of psychological well-being on job performance among nurses and midwives in rural and urban hospitals in Ghana amidst COVID-19. The study adopted a purely quantitative approach, using the explanatory research design. Data were collected from 262 nurses and midwives in two selected hospitals in the Central Region of Ghana. The Structural Equation Modelling was used to analyze the data collected. The results revealed that the levels of psychological well-being and job performance were high in both hospitals amidst the pandemic. Further, it was observed that although psychological well- being had significant influence on job performance among the nurses and midwives in both rural and urban communities, the effect was more significant in the urban settlements. Given these findings, the study recommended that in order to effectively improve the job performance of nurses and midwives, management must adopt policies such as, flexible work arrangements, leave policy, and counselling services to support their psychological well-being.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Rendimiento Laboral , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/psicología , Ghana/epidemiología , Femenino , Adulto , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/psicología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Partería , SARS-CoV-2/aislamiento & purificación , Satisfacción en el Trabajo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Salud Mental , Pandemias , Enfermeras Obstetrices/psicología , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
This study aimed to investigate the differences in Religiosity (R), Mental Immunity (MI), and Psychological Well-Being (PWB) in patients with diabetes due to gender and age group variables, and to detect the best predictors of PWB in diabetic patients within the Bayesian framework. The study was conducted from May 2022 to February 2023 on a random sample of 186 Saudis diagnosed with diabetes. After obtaining participants' consent, they completed three R, MI, and PWB scales. Bayesian Independent Samples t-test was performed to identify differences, and Bayesian linear regression analysis was used to reveal the best prediction model of PWB. The results of the Bayesian independent samples t-test indicated strong evidence supporting the alternative hypothesis H1, suggesting differences between male and female diabetic patients in R, MI, and PWB, with Bayesian factor values exceeding 10 (8.338×10+23, 1.762×10+25, and 1.866×10+24), and Cohen's δ of (-1.866, -1.934, -1.884). These results indicated that females with diabetes have higher means of R, MI, and PWB compared to males. However, the results also suggested evidence for the null hypothesis H0 of no differences in R, MI, and PWB among diabetic patients due to age group, with Bayesian factor values (0.176, 0.181, and 0.187) less than 1.00 and small Cohen's δ of (-0.034, -0.050, -0.063). Bayesian linear regression analysis detected strong evidence that the model including MI is the best predictive model (BF10 for mental immunity is 1.00 and for the other two models are 0.07 and 4.249×10-16) for the PWB of diabetic patients, however, there is no evidence that the model including R or the interaction between R and MI is the best predictor of PWB for diabetic patients. These findings highlight the need for direct psychological care services for male diabetic patients and the urgent need to enhance IM in diabetic patients to improve their PWB. Furthermore, results recommended that healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia integrate MI interventions into diabetes care programs.
Asunto(s)
Teorema de Bayes , Diabetes Mellitus , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Arabia Saudita/epidemiología , Adulto , Diabetes Mellitus/inmunología , Diabetes Mellitus/psicología , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología , Factores Sexuales , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Salud Mental , Adulto Joven , Religión , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
The COVID-19 outbreak led to widespread school closures and the shift to remote teaching, potentially resulting in lasting negative impacts on teachers' psychological well-being due to increased workloads and a perceived lack of administrative support. Despite the significance of these challenges, few studies have delved into the long-term effects of perceived instructional leadership on teachers' psychological health. To bridge this research gap, we utilized longitudinal data from 927 primary and secondary school teachers surveyed in two phases: Time 1 in mid-November 2021 and Time 2 in early January 2022. Using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), our findings revealed that perceptions of instructional leadership, especially the "perceived school neglect of teaching autonomy" at Time 1 were positively correlated with burnout levels at Time 2. Additionally, burnout at Time 2 was positively associated with psychological distress and acted as a mediator between the "perceived school neglect of teaching autonomy" and psychological distress. In light of these findings, we recommend that schools prioritize teachers' teaching autonomy and take proactive measures to mitigate burnout and psychological distress, aiming for the sustainable well-being of both teachers and students in the post-pandemic era.
Asunto(s)
Agotamiento Profesional , COVID-19 , Liderazgo , Bienestar Psicológico , Maestros , Humanos , Agotamiento Profesional/psicología , Agotamiento Profesional/prevención & control , COVID-19/psicología , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Estudios Longitudinales , Salud Mental , Pandemias , Distrés Psicológico , SARS-CoV-2 , Maestros/psicología , Instituciones Académicas , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
QUESTION: For parents of children and young people (CYP) with diagnosed mental health difficulties, what are the levels of parents' well-being and psychological need? STUDY SELECTION AND ANALYSIS: Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane Library of Registered Trials were searched from inception to June 2023. INCLUSION CRITERIA: parents of CYP aged 5-18 years with formal mental health diagnosis. Data were extracted from validated measures of well-being or psychological needs with established cut-off points or from a controlled study. FINDINGS: 32 of the 73 310 records screened were included. Pooled means showed clinical range scores for one measure of depression, and all included measures of anxiety, parenting stress and general stress. Meta-analyses showed greater depression (g=0.24, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.38) and parenting stress (g=0.34, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.49) in parents of CYP with mental health difficulties versus those without. Mothers reported greater depression (g=0.42, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.66) and anxiety (g=0.73, 95% CI 0.27 to 1.18) than fathers. Narrative synthesis found no clear patterns in relation to CYP condition. Rates of parents with clinically relevant levels of distress varied. Typically, anxiety, parenting stress and general stress scored above clinical threshold. Quality appraisal revealed few studies with a clearly defined control group, or attempts to control for important variables such as parent gender. CONCLUSIONS: The somewhat mixed results suggest clinical anxiety, parenting and general stress may be common, with sometimes high depression. Assessment and support for parents of CYP with mental health problems is required. Further controlled studies, with consideration of pre-existing parental mental health difficulties are required. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022344453.
Asunto(s)
Cuidadores , Padres , Humanos , Niño , Adolescente , Padres/psicología , Cuidadores/psicología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Depresión/psicología , Depresión/epidemiología , Trastornos Mentales/psicología , Trastornos Mentales/epidemiología , Trastornos Mentales/enfermería , Ansiedad/psicología , Preescolar , Responsabilidad Parental/psicología , Salud Mental , Masculino , Femenino , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Escalating street violence and criminal homicides have an adverse impact on psychological well-being. However, these consequences have been difficult to evaluate. Using a recently validated scale, we aimed to assess the impact of fear of crime on the psychological status of middle-aged and older adults living in a rural setting afflicted by endemic violence. METHODS: Participants were selected from Atahualpa residents included in previous studies targeting psychological distress in the population. A validated scale was used to objectively quantify fear of crime in participants. Differences in symptoms of depression and anxiety between baseline and follow-up were used as distinct dependent variables and the continuous score of the fear of crime scale was used as the independent variable. Linear regression models were fitted to assess the association between the exposure and the outcomes, after adjusting for relevant confounders. RESULTS: A total of 653 participants (mean age = 53.2 ± 11.5 years; 57% women) completed the requested tests. We found a 13% increase in symptoms of depression and anxiety during the peak of violence in the village compared with previous years. Linear regression models showed a significant association between the total score on the fear of crime questionnaire and worsening symptoms of depression (ß = .24; 95% CI = 0.14-0.35) and anxiety (ß = .31; 95% CI = 0.24-0.37), after adjustment for relevant confounders. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows a significant aggravating effect of fear of crime on pre-existing symptoms of depression and anxiety and a deleterious effect of these conditions on overall well-being.
Asunto(s)
Ansiedad , Crimen , Depresión , Miedo , Población Rural , Violencia , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Miedo/psicología , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Ansiedad/psicología , Crimen/psicología , Crimen/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Violencia/psicología , Adulto , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Vida Independiente/psicología , Estudios de Cohortes , Modelos Lineales , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) significantly impacts patients' lives, affecting not only their physical health but also their spiritual well-being. While holistic care acknowledges the importance of addressing spiritual needs, the integration of nurse-led spiritual care within CVD management remains understudied. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of spiritual and psychological interventions in enhancing quality of life and reducing anxiety among CVD patients. METHODS: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, SID, Magiran, and Web of Science) for relevant articles published in English and Persian between 2013 and 2023. The risk of bias in included experimental and quasi-experimental studies was assessed using ROB 2 and ROBINS-I scales. RESULTS: The initial search yielded 1416 articles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, along with qualitative evaluation, 15 studies with a total of 1035 participants were selected for review. These studies explored the impact of spiritual interventions (e.g., healthy heart model, emotion-oriented approach, communication with a higher power, acceptance, and relationship improvement) on anxiety, stress, life expectancy, depression, blood parameters, spiritual experiences, pain, and negative emotions in CVD patients. All reviewed studies reported positive outcomes with spiritual interventions, demonstrating their effectiveness in reducing anxiety, depression, pain, stress, and negative emotions, while also improving quality of life and possibly life expectancy. CONCLUSION: Integrating spiritual care into routine care for CVD patients presents a promising approach to improve their overall well-being. This review highlights the effectiveness of spiritual interventions in reducing various negative emotions and enhancing quality of life. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (CRD42023448687).
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Salud Mental , Calidad de Vida , Terapias Espirituales , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adaptación Psicológica , Ansiedad/diagnóstico , Ansiedad/psicología , Ansiedad/prevención & control , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/psicología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/enfermería , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/terapia , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Irán , Rol de la Enfermera , Bienestar Psicológico , Terapias Espirituales/enfermería , Espiritualidad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
La vitrina de conocimiento “BE-BienEstar” se presenta como un recurso libre dispuesto en el Bvs/Ops para el acceso de toda la población, es un espacio de salud mental que ofrece recursos y actividades integrales para promover el bienestar psicosocial y el desarrollo personal, enfocado en proporcionar información clara y herramientas prácticas para la vida diaria, integrando mente, cuerpo y espíritu para crear comunidades saludables y mentalmente fuertes. De ahí la importancia de rescatar la percepción de los estudiantes frente al contenido, acceso, diseño, utilidad e implementación de la vitrina en su vida para su desarrollo personal.
Asunto(s)
Bienestar Psicológico , Bibliotecas Digitales , Acceso a la Información , Salud MentalRESUMEN
Los jóvenes según las Naciones Unidas son un grupo heterogéneo y evolutivo que va acorde con las experiencias y al contexto al cual pertenezcan; uno de los cambios que experimentan en nuevos contextos como el universitario es iniciar un proyecto de vida, enfrentar nuevos contextos sociales y experiencias que influyen en los estilos de vida que afectan su salud física y mental, con conductas no saludables y de riesgo (2). En este sentido, las habilidades para la vida se convierten en una propuesta educativa integral centrada en los desafíos culturales y contextuales de los adolescentes y jóvenes, es así que este tipo de habilidades aplicado en cualquier contexto cotidiano permite desarrollar bienestar psicológico y una vida personal sana, como lo propone OMS.
Asunto(s)
Aptitud , Salud Mental , Bienestar PsicológicoRESUMEN
Increasingly, smartphones have become a part of people's everyday lives, and are now considered by many to be an indispensable social accessory. Since attachment to a smartphone could have negative psychological consequences, a burgeoning new area of research has emerged which examines the effects of smartphones on individuals' well-being. Hence, this study focuses on phubbing - one's engagement with the smartphone during a face-to-face conversation with another person or group of people - and its association with psychological well-being. For this investigation, a quantitative descriptive approach has been adopted involving a sample of 370 women and men from Spain between 25 and 60 years old. The survey was distributed during late 2019 and the first quarter of 2020. The Phubbing Behaviors Survey was conducted, comprising five dimensions (cultural, technological, social, communicational, and psychological), and a total of 33 items requiring responses on a 5-point Likert scale. This survey was used in conjunction with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), consisting of four categories (somatic symptoms, social dysfunction, anxiety and insomnia, and severe depression), and 7 items per category. The findings reveal a positive correlation between phubbing and severe depression and, young women under 25 years old show higher levels of somatic symptoms than men in the same age group. This study demonstrates the need to raise awareness via health education and to promote healthy use of the Internet to prevent psychological distress resulting from phubbing.
Asunto(s)
Bienestar Psicológico , Teléfono Inteligente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ansiedad/psicología , Depresión/psicología , Salud Mental , España , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Recovery community centers (RCCs) are a relatively new resource in the recovery support landscape aimed at building their members' recovery capital. In recent years, interest in the value of RCCs has grown, however, no studies have used within-person methods to consider how RCCs may impact the day-to-day lives of their attendees. Using within-person data drawn from members of RCCs, this study examined how visiting RCCs was associated with several same-day indicators of recovery wellbeing and risk: daily sense of meaningfulness, recovery identity, negative affect, and positive affect. METHODS: Participants were 94 visitors of six RCCs in western Pennsylvania. Daily diary methods collected 10 nightly reports of daily RCC attendance and end-of-day meaningfulness, recovery identity, negative affect, and positive affect. Multilevel modeling accounted for nesting in the intensive longitudinal data. In independent models, the study regressed meaningfulness, recovery identity, negative affect, and positive affect onto day- and person-level RCC attendance. RESULTS: Within-person associations between RCC attendance and meaningfulness (b = 6.96, SE = 1.66, p < .001), recovery identity (b = 4.75, SE = 1.08, p < .001), and PA (b = 3.82, SE = 1.45, p < .01) were significant, although NA was not (b = -2.41, SE = 1.34, n.s.). All day- by person-level RCC attendance interactions (in preliminary models) and between-person associations were non-significant across recovery outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that on days participants visited RCCs, they reported significantly higher levels of meaningfulness, recovery identity, and positive affect, although negative affect levels did not significantly differ. Also, those who attended RCCs more frequently did not generally report different levels of recovery wellbeing and risk. Taken together, results suggest visiting RCCs works on a daily basis to support interpersonal processes related to positive recovery outcomes. That RCC visits do not appear to reduce negative affect suggests that additional programs may be needed to address negative affect. The within-person design provided insight into the dynamic processes that contribute to the intrapersonal states that support recovery and a practical approach to examining whether and how RCCs might support recovery. By using individuals as their own controls, the study design provided strong counterfactual inference.