RESUMEN
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes the potential of plants used in secular traditional medicine and considers this an important source of evidence to assess their effectiveness and safety. Brazil is rich in biodiversity and traditional uses based on the Amerindian culture. However, many processes started with the arrival of the Portuguese in the year 1500. The successive economic cycles, for example, led to destruction of native vegetation and an intense cultural erosion. As a consequence, the information about the use of plants in the past centuries are dispersed and without interpretation. In this study a methodology to evidence the traditionality of Brazilian plants was demonstrated using data about barbatimão barks (Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville - Fabaceae) and Copaiba oleoresin (Copaifera spp. - Fabaceae) in wound healing, was established. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data about use of the plants were recovered from bibliography published between 1576 and 2011. The books (101) were classified using weights, considering the date of publication and the source of Information. Older books that describe primary information received weight 10, while books written more recently and with secondary information received weight 0.4. A score for each category of medicinal use was calculated based on the books weights and the frequency of citation. A review about the current use of both plants was also performed from ethnobotanical studies published in journals. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The traditional secular use of barks of barbatimão and oleoresin of copaiba to treat wounds was confirmed based on the historic bibliographic research. The most frequent use of barbatimão in a timeline of 500 years of Brazil's history, was as astringent, whereas for copaíba was as healing of skin and mucosal lesions. The continuous and current use of these plants to treat wounds, confirmed by recent ethnobotanical studies, is an indicative of the resilience of these remedies and their effectiveness. CONCLUSION: The use of preparations containing barbatimão barks and copaiba oleoresin can be considered effective in the treatment of wounds. Nonetheless, it is necessary to improve the quality of the formulas as established by WHO.
Asunto(s)
Fabaceae/clasificación , Medicina Tradicional/métodos , Corteza de la Planta , Preparaciones de Plantas/clasificación , Obras Médicas de Referencia , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Analgésicos/clasificación , Analgésicos/farmacología , Analgésicos/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/clasificación , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Astringentes/clasificación , Astringentes/farmacología , Astringentes/uso terapéutico , Brasil/etnología , Humanos , Corteza de la Planta/clasificación , Preparaciones de Plantas/farmacología , Preparaciones de Plantas/uso terapéutico , Plantas Medicinales/clasificación , Resinas de Plantas/clasificación , Resinas de Plantas/farmacología , Resinas de Plantas/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Hemorroidas são coxins vasculares normais do canal anal. São formados por espaços vasculares (sinusoides), tecido elástico e conjuntivo, e músculo liso. Sua função é proteger os esfíncteres anais subjacentes e contribuir para a continência fecal. Reservamos o termo "doença hemorroidária" para quando existem sintomas relacionados à sua presença. É mais prevalente em pessoas com idade entre 45 e 65 anos, tendo como principal causa o esforço evacuatório repetitivo, que determina o estiramento do tecido de sustentação dos plexos. Constipação, esforço evacuatório prolongado e gestação são seus principais fatores de risco. Esta guia apresenta informação que orienta a conduta para casos de hemorroidas no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde, incluindo: classificação das hemorroidas, sinais e sintomas, diagnóstico, tratamento da doença hemorroidária na APS, tratamento no serviço especializado, indicação de colonoscopia e encaminhamento para serviço especializado.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Escleroterapia , Hemorroides/diagnóstico , Hemorroides/terapia , Atención Primaria de Salud , Derivación y Consulta , Astringentes/uso terapéutico , Flavonoides/uso terapéutico , Colonoscopía , Diosmina/uso terapéutico , Hemorreoidectomía/instrumentación , Anestésicos Locales/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéuticoAsunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ageusia/inducido químicamente , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos adversos , Ticlopidina/análogos & derivados , Ageusia/tratamiento farmacológico , Astringentes/uso terapéutico , Ticlopidina/efectos adversos , Sulfato de Zinc/uso terapéuticoAsunto(s)
Ageusia/inducido químicamente , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos adversos , Ticlopidina/análogos & derivados , Ageusia/tratamiento farmacológico , Astringentes/uso terapéutico , Clopidogrel , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ticlopidina/efectos adversos , Sulfato de Zinc/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: This study evaluated the response of human pulps capped with a bonding agent after bleeding control with different hemostatic agents. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-five Class II cavities were prepared in 25 caries-free human premolars scheduled for extraction due to orthodontic treatment. The pulp exposures were performed on the occlusal floor. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups. Groups 1-4 were capped with an adhesive system after hemostasis with different agents: Group 1--saline solution; 2--ferric sulfate; 3--2.5% NaOCl; 4--Ca(OH)2 solution. In Group 5, after hemostasis with saline solution, the pulp was capped with calcium hydroxide (control group). Then, ScotchBond Multi Purpose Plus was applied and the resin composite Z-100 placed incrementally according to the manufacturers' directions. After 60 days, the teeth were extracted and processed for light microscopic examination (HE) and the groups were categorized in a histological score system. The data were subjected to a non-parametric test (alpha=0.05). RESULTS: Overall, the histological features showed that the pulp response from Groups 1 through 4 was inferior to the response from Group 5, where dentin bridging occurred. In all groups, where the adhesive system was used for capping, the pulp response varied from an acute inflammatory, with varying degrees, to necrosis. No dentin bridge was formed after adhesive capping.
Asunto(s)
Recubrimiento de la Pulpa Dental/métodos , Pulpa Dental/efectos de los fármacos , Recubrimientos Dentinarios/química , Hemostáticos/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Astringentes/uso terapéutico , Diente Premolar , Hidróxido de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Resinas Compuestas/química , Preparación de la Cavidad Dental/clasificación , Pulpa Dental/patología , Necrosis de la Pulpa Dental/patología , Restauración Dental Permanente , Dentina Secundaria/efectos de los fármacos , Dentina Secundaria/patología , Compuestos Férricos/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Pulpitis/patología , Cementos de Resina/química , Dióxido de Silicio/química , Cloruro de Sodio , Hipoclorito de Sodio/uso terapéutico , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Circonio/químicaRESUMEN
A necessidade de um método ou substância eficaz para homostasia e a observaçäo do uso de hemostáticos compatíveis na Medicina, levou ao conhecimento de um produto conhecido como Subgalato de Bismuto. O uso específico deste material como adstringente na hemostasia foi descrito na Otorrinolaringologia na década de 60 e atualmente tem sido utilizado também em Odontologia, especificamente em cirurgias periodontais que resultem em exposiçäo do tecido conjuntivo, com resultados clínicos favoráveis
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Hueso Paladar/cirugía , Periodoncia , Cirugía Bucal , Astringentes/uso terapéutico , Hemostáticos/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Cuarenta y cuatro niños con diarrea aguda fueron tratados con Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Hansen CBS 5926. Según la evolución de cuadro diarreico se juzgó la puntuación previamente establecida en el protocolo y en relación con los síntomas o signos (fiebre, náuseas, vómitos y cólico abdominal); el número de evacuaciones, su consistencia, color de las heces y efectos colaterales. la dosis dependió de la edad y peso, sin riesgos por ser atóxica. Todos los pacientes correspondieron a un nivel socio económico bajo en donde el índice de deserción fue de 33% y existió duda sobre la continuidad del tratamiento. Los resultados fueron en 50% muy eficaz, poco eficaz en 15% e ineficaz en 25%. Es necesario señalar que 30% de los niños tratados habian recibido previamente tratamiento con anticolinérgicos, astringentes y antibióticos