RESUMEN
Introduction: Edentulism is an irreversible chronic condition that seriously affects the stomatognathic system. Consequently, determining its prevalence may contribute to prioritize preventive and rehabilitative oral health interventions. Objective: To determine the prevalence of partial edentulism according to the Kennedy and Applegate classification in patients attending the Dental Clinic at Universidad San Martín de Porres - Lambayeque Campus, Peru, in the years 2016 and 2017. Materials and methods: A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was designed. The study comprised 321 clinical records that previously underwent a quality control stage, which included a calibration process (k=0.86). The criteria and rules proposed by Kennedy and Applegate were applied to estimate the prevalence of edentulism in each jaw according to sex; tables of frequency distribution containing percentage results were used. Results: The highest prevalence of partial edentulism in the upper jaw corresponded to Class III (42.4%), followed by Class I (34.6%), and Class II (16.5%). In the lower jaw, the most prevalent were Class I (42.4%), Class III (36.4%), and Class II (15.6%). According to sex, Class III and Class I were the most prevalent in both females and males. Conclusion: Class III and I were the most prevalent in the upper jaw in both females and males; while in the lower jaw, Classes I and III were the most prevalent for both sexes.
El edentulismo se presenta como una alteración irreversible y crónica, que genera consecuencias en el sistema estomatognático, por lo cual es necesario conocer su prevalencia para priorizar intervenciones de salud bucal preventivas y de rehabilitación. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de edentulismo parcial según la clasificación de Kennedy y Applegate en pacientes atendidos en la Clínica Odontológica de la Universidad San Martín de Porres - Filial Lambayeque, en los años 2016 y 2017. Material y Método: Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal, con 321 historias clínicas que pasaron previamente por un control de calidad que incluyó un proceso de calibración (k=0.86). Para estimar la prevalencia de edentulismo en cada maxilar y de acuerdo al género, fueron aplicados los criterios y reglas de kennedy y Applegate, utilizando tablas de distribución de frecuencias con resultados porcentuales. Resultados: La mayor prevalencia de edentulismo parcial para maxilar superior corresponde a la Clase III con 42,4%, siguiendo en orden descendente la Clase I con 34.6% y la Clase II con 16.5%. En el maxilar inferior, la más prevalente fue la Clase I con 42,4%, continuando la Clase III con 36.4% y la Clase II con 15.6%. De acuerdo a género, resultaron más prevalentes la Clase III y la Clase I tanto para mujeres como para hombres. Conclusiones: Las clases III y I fueron las más prevalentes en el maxilar superior, tanto para género masculino como femenino; mientras que en el maxilar inferior, fueron las clases I y III las más prevalentes también para ambos géneros.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/prevención & control , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/rehabilitación , Perú/epidemiología , Salud Bucal , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Prevalencia , Arcada Edéntula/prevención & control , Arcada Edéntula/rehabilitaciónRESUMEN
As our population ages, dentists face challenges in maintaining compromised teeth in aging patients. For the most part, elderly patients (i.e., over 65 years of age) prefer to keep their natural teeth and in some cases, avoid removable dentures altogether. Ideally, patients should not be rendered edentate late in life, as they are unlikely to successfully adapt to the limitations of complete replacement dentures. However, this is not always possible and care should ideally be planned to avoid edentulism, or at least, to carefully manage the transition to the edentate state. In the course of planning care, the dentist needs to recognise the need for age appropriate care, factoring in the impact of the elderly patient's health status and social circumstances. For elderly patients with a compromised dentition, the dentist should try to provide care which is minimally invasive and with as low a burden of maintenance as possible. In this paper, principles of pragmatic care for elderly patients with a compromised dentition will be outlined using clinical cases. Three pathways will be outlined: (i) maintenance of a functional natural dentition using adhesive restorative techniques; (ii) use of overlay prostheses and complete replacement overdentures to manage toothwear and toothloss, complete replacement overdentures, and; (iii) staging a transition to the edentate state using transitional removable partial dentures.
Asunto(s)
Cuidado Dental para Ancianos/métodos , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula , Boca Edéntula , Anciano , Prótesis Dental de Soporte Implantado , Dentición , Prótesis de Recubrimiento , Dentadura Parcial Removible , Humanos , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/prevención & control , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/rehabilitación , Boca Edéntula/prevención & control , Boca Edéntula/rehabilitaciónRESUMEN
A review of strategies for better geriatric oral health in Japan is presented. The rapid growth of the aged population in Japan has been associated with the decreasing ability of family caregivers to provide home care due primarily to immature social support systems. As rural ageing has a stronger likelihood of this trend, there is a difference in the oral health of older adults in urban and rural areas. A national survey demonstrated that only 29.8% of the adult population in rural areas had at least one dental visit in the preceding year versus 34.0% in urban areas. Another national survey showed that the proportions of the elderly with untreated teeth that have decay and those without any treated teeth in metropolitan areas, urban areas, and rural areas were 6%, 7% and 12%, respectively. Maintaining good oral health is crucial for maintaining quality of life in later years. A survey in a rural area in Japan demonstrated that, among elderly with nine or fewer natural teeth who wore no dentures, 45% were bed-bound or house-bound. However, among those with 10 or more natural teeth, 80% were active and able to go out alone. Another survey suggested very few house-bound elderly requested dental care, although most of them had oral health problems and mastication dysfunction. A new strategy, 'Healthy Japan 21' suggests positive actions to keep 20 or more teeth by the age of 80, and encourages collaboration between local health authorities and dental associations to encourage positive oral care for the frail elderly including domiciliary dental services within communities.
Asunto(s)
Promoción de la Salud , Salud Bucal , Actividades Cotidianas , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Cuidadores , Servicios de Salud Comunitaria , Cuidado Dental para Ancianos , Atención Dental para la Persona con Discapacidad , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Anciano Frágil , Servicios de Atención de Salud a Domicilio , Atención Domiciliaria de Salud , Personas Imposibilitadas , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/clasificación , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/prevención & control , Persona de Mediana Edad , Calidad de Vida , Salud Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Apoyo Social , Salud Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
The authors examined nutrient intake in relation to the number of teeth, denture type and masticatory function among 638 men in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Dental Longitudinal Study. They found that calorie-adjusted nutrient intakes decreased with progressively impaired dentition status, independently of age, smoking status and alcohol use. Intakes of fiber and most vitamins and minerals were inversely correlated with masticatory function. The findings suggest that prevention of tooth loss and prosthodontic replacement of missing teeth could improve diets of older adults.
Asunto(s)
Dentición , Dieta , Masticación/fisiología , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas , Diseño de Dentadura , Dentadura Completa , Dentadura Parcial Removible , Fibras de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Ingestión de Energía , Humanos , Arcada Edéntula/fisiopatología , Arcada Edéntula/prevención & control , Arcada Edéntula/rehabilitación , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/fisiopatología , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/prevención & control , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/rehabilitación , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Minerales/administración & dosificación , Fumar/fisiopatología , Pérdida de Diente/fisiopatología , Pérdida de Diente/prevención & control , Pérdida de Diente/rehabilitación , Vitaminas/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The number of teeth in the dentition was compared with the number and types of dental functional units (opposing tooth pairs) to correlate the number of functional units with complaints about chewing and swallowing in the elderly. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Complaints of oral pharyngeal function and food avoidance practices were compared with the number and types of functional units. A convenience sample of 602 elderly subjects (468 men, 134 women, mean age 70 years) were interviewed and examined dentally. RESULTS: Functional unit measures, which included functional arrangement of the teeth and the number and type of teeth present, were found to be more discriminatory and descriptive of masticatory potential than the more number of teeth. Elderly persons (> or = 60 years of age) with reduced numbers of functional units tended to report difficulty chewing, avoidance of stringy foods (including meat), crunchy foods (including vegetables), and dry solid foods (including breads), and difficulty in swallowing. Removable prostheses did not appear to prevent these consequences and, at least in this elderly population, did not appear to be equivalent to natural teeth in terms of masticatory potential. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible that compromised dental function results in the swallowing of poorly chewed food, food avoidance patterns, dietary inadequacies, and systemic changes favoring illness, reduced vigor, debilitation, and shortened life expectancy. Emphasis should be placed on maintaining natural teeth whenever possible.
Asunto(s)
Deglución , Conducta Alimentaria , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/clasificación , Masticación , Diente/patología , Anciano , Animales , Población Negra , Pan , Bovinos , Trastornos de Deglución/etiología , Trastornos de Deglución/fisiopatología , Diseño de Dentadura , Dentadura Parcial Removible , Escolaridad , Femenino , Humanos , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/patología , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/prevención & control , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/rehabilitación , Masculino , Carne , Persona de Mediana Edad , Orofaringe/fisiopatología , Factores Sexuales , Verduras , Población BlancaRESUMEN
The knowledge and beliefs about periodontal disease of 1093 regularly attending patients in 36 North Carolina general dental practices were examined. Patients had a strong positive orientation toward keeping their teeth. Correct information concerning the signs, causes, prevention, and treatment of periodontal disease was widely held. Older patients were more knowledgeable about treatment and signs of periodontal disease, while younger patients expressed more positive beliefs about keeping their teeth for a lifetime. Although patients' knowledge was not perfect, it included few misperceptions that could threaten oral health. Additional education was most needed with respect to the significance of bleeding gums.
Asunto(s)
Actitud Frente a la Salud , Educación en Salud Dental , Enfermedades Periodontales , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/prevención & control , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Periodontales/etiología , Enfermedades Periodontales/patología , Enfermedades Periodontales/prevención & control , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Based on available epidemiology data, dating sporadically from 1967 to 1985, of the oral health situation of Polish children and youngsters, the attainment of the first three oral health goals of FDI/WHO for the year 2000 is discussed. It can be assumed that the first oral health goal may be reached by at most only 10% of Polish children. The second oral health goal may be achieved by some 60% of 12-yr-old Polish children. The third oral health goal will be reached by at most 33% of 18-yr-old Polish youngsters. The reasons for these rather pessimistic prognoses are explained.