RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Patients submitted to heart surgery are restricted to the bed of the Intensive Care Units (ICUs), due to this period of immobility the individual is likely to present clinical and functional alterations. These complications can be avoided by early mobilization; however, in some hospitals, this is not feasible due to the use of subxiphoid drain in the immediate postoperative period. OBJECTIVE: To verify the safety and feasibility of mobilizing patients after cardiac surgery using subxiphoid drain. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study. On the first day the patient was positioned in sedestration in bed, then transferred from sitting to orthostasis, gait training and sedestration in an armchair. On the second postoperative day the same activities were performed, but with walking through the ICU with a progressive increase in distance. At all these moments, the patient was using the subxiphoid and intercostal drain. The patients were seen three times a day, but physical rehabilitation was performed twice. The adverse events considered were drain obstruction, accidental removal or displacement, total atrioventricular block, postoperative low output syndrome, cardiorespiratory arrest, pneumomediastinum, infection, and pericardial or myocardial damage. RESULTS: 176 patients were evaluated. Only 2 (0.4 %) of the patients had complications during or after mobilization, 1 (0.2 %) due to drain obstruction and 1 (0.2 %) due to accidental removal or displacement. CONCLUSION: Based on the data observed in the results, we found that the application of early mobilization in patients using subxiphoid drain after cardiac surgery is a safe and feasible conduct.
Asunto(s)
Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardíacos , Drenaje , Ambulación Precoz , Humanos , Ambulación Precoz/métodos , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardíacos/métodos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardíacos/rehabilitación , Anciano , Drenaje/métodos , Estudios de Factibilidad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Adulto , Apófisis XifoidesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To compare the initial resting intravesical pressure (pves ) and abdominal pressure (pabd ) in the sitting position with the typical range of values, to assess the correlation between such pressures and patient xipho-pubic distance, body weight, height and body mass index (BMI), and to estimate if xipho-pubic distance can be a guide to interpret initial resting pressures in urodynamic testing. METHODS: Women with lower urinary tract symptomatology referred for urodynamic testing were consecutively enrolled in a prospective study. Conventional cystometry was done following "good urodynamic practices". The correlation between initial resting pves and pabd and xipho-pubic distance, body weight, height and BMI were studied using simple and multiple linear regression analysis. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05. RESULTS: One hundred women aged (mean ± SD) 59.2 ± 13.3 were studied. There was a significant correlation between both pves and pabd , and xipho-pubic distance, body weight and BMI and no correlation with height. Over the multiple analysis, xipho-pubic distance and body weight correlated independently with pves ; body weight correlated independently with pabd . Three patients had pves and/or pabd out of typical range, with BMIs values of 18.48, 18.72 and 35.81 kg/m2 . There was a wide range of difference between xipho-pubic distance and initial resting pressures. CONCLUSIONS: Out of range initial resting pressures occur in underweight (or close to) or severely obese patients. Xipho-pubic distance and body weight correlated independently with pves . Body weight correlated independently with pabd . Xipho-pubic distance cannot be a guide to interpret the initial resting pressures.
Asunto(s)
Abdomen/fisiología , Pesos y Medidas Corporales , Presión , Vejiga Urinaria/fisiología , Urodinámica , Adulto , Anciano , Estatura/fisiología , Índice de Masa Corporal , Peso Corporal/fisiología , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Sínfisis Pubiana/anatomía & histología , Sedestación , Apófisis Xifoides/anatomía & histologíaRESUMEN
Introducción: En los últimos 30 años las técnicas quirúrgicas mínimamente invasivas en patología torácica modificaron el paradigma. Cada día más procedimientos son efectuados por esta vía desde el advenimiento de la cirugía videotoracoscópica. Objetivo: Demostrar el uso de la videotoracoscopia subxifoidea para biopsia pulmonar y bullectomía. Material y métodos: Vía subxifoidea por videotoracoscopia en 6 casos. Resultados: Se obtuvo diagnóstico histológico en 5 casos y resección de bullas subpleurales en uno sin complicaciones por el acceso subxifoideo. Conclusiones: Es la primera experiencia en un hospital universitario de Argentina con este acceso quirúrgico sin complicaciones, con rendimiento diagnóstico histológico y resultado terapéutico.
Introduction: In the last 30 years minimally invasive surgical techniques for thoracic pathology was changed the paradigm. Every day more procedures are performed in this way since the advent of videothorascopic surgery. Objective: Demonstrate the use of the subxiphoid videothorascopy for lung biopsy and pulmonary wedge resection for bulla. Material and methods: Subxiphoid access by videothorascopy in 6 clinic cases. Results: Histologic diagnosis in 5 cases and pulmonary wedge resection for bulla in another case without complications with subxiphoid access were obtained. Conclusions: Is the first experience in an Argentinian university hospital with this surgery access without complications and with performance histological diagnosis and therapeutic result.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Enfermedades Pulmonares/patología , Neumonectomía/métodos , Cirugía Torácica Asistida por Video , Toracoscopía , Enfermedades Pulmonares/cirugía , Apófisis XifoidesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The correct placement of a nasogastric tube for enteral nutrition is subject of several investigations, demonstrating the controversy of the procedure. AIM: To establish an external measure that can correspond to the internal measurement which determines the insertion length of nasogastric feeding tube up to the stomach. METHODS: External measures were obtained between points: nose tip vs earlobe vs xiphoid appendix vs umbilicus and height correlated with the standard measures obtained from patients undergoing diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy. RESULTS: It was found a significative statistical correlation between esophagogastric junction, identified during the esophagogastroduodenoscopy, with the distance measured between the anatomic points of the earlobe and xiphoid appendix (r= 0.75) and from this line with the orthostatic height (r=0.72). CONCLUSION: The distance between the earlobe to the xiphoid appendix (0.75) and the distance between the earlobe to the xiphoid appendix to the midpoint of the umbilicus, subtracting the distance from tip of nose to earlobe, were safe anatomical parameters to reach the esophagogastric junction. The height in the standing position (r= 0.72) also can be used as an indicator of the length necessary to insert the tube into the stomach. The height in the standing position (r= 0.72) also can be used as an indicator of the length necessary to insert the tube into the stomach.
Asunto(s)
Endoscopía del Sistema Digestivo , Nutrición Enteral/instrumentación , Nutrición Enteral/métodos , Intubación Gastrointestinal/instrumentación , Intubación Gastrointestinal/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Pesos y Medidas Corporales , Oído Externo , Esófago , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Nariz , Estudios Prospectivos , Estómago , Ombligo , Apófisis Xifoides , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
RACIONAL: O correto posicionamento da sonda nasogástrica para nutrição enteral tem sido alvo de várias investigações, demonstrando as controvérsias e a complexidade do procedimento. OBJETIVO: Prever as medidas antropométricas para realizar a inserção de sonda para nutrição enteral até o estômago empregando a esofagogastroduodenoscopia para calcular-se o comprimento necessário até o estômago. MÉTODO: Medidas externas foram obtidas entre a ponta do nariz vs lobo da orelha vs apêndice xifóide vs umbigo e altura correlacionadas com a medida padrão obtida em pacientes submetidos à esofagogastroduodenoscopia diagnóstica. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se correlação estatisticamente significativa entre a transição esofagogástrica identificada durante a endoscopia, acrescida da distância da rima labial à arcada dentária superior, com a distância compreendida entre os pontos anatômicos lóbulo da orelha e apêndice xifóide (r=0.75). CONCLUSÃO: A distância entre o lóbulo da orelha ao apêndice xifóide (0.75) e a distância entre o lóbulo da orelha ao apêndice xifóide até o ponto médio da cicatriz umbilical, subtraindo a distância da ponta do nariz ao lóbulo da orelha, foram parâmetros anatômicos seguros para estimar-se a distância da transição esofagogástrica. A altura na posição em pé (r = 0,72) também pode ser utilizada como um indicador da distância necessária para inserir o tubo no estômago.
BACKGROUND:The correct placement of a nasogastric tube for enteral nutrition is subject of several investigations, demonstrating the controversy of the procedure. AIM: To establish an external measure that can correspond to the internal measurement which determines the insertion length of nasogastric feeding tube up to the stomach. METHODS: External measures were obtained between points: nose tip vs earlobe vs xiphoid appendix vs umbilicus and height correlated with the standard measures obtained from patients undergoing diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy. RESULTS: It was found a significative statistical correlation between esophagogastric junction, identified during the esophagogastroduodenoscopy, with the distance measured between the anatomic points of the earlobe and xiphoid appendix (r= 0.75) and from this line with the orthostatic height (r=0.72). CONCLUSION: The distance between the earlobe to the xiphoid appendix (0.75) and the distance between the earlobe to the xiphoid appendix to the midpoint of the umbilicus, subtracting the distance from tip of nose to earlobe, were safe anatomical parameters to reach the esophagogastric junction. The height in the standing position (r= 0.72) also can be used as an indicator of the length necessary to insert the tube into the stomach. The height in the standing position (r= 0.72) also can be used as an indicator of the length necessary to insert the tube into the stomach.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Endoscopía del Sistema Digestivo , Nutrición Enteral/instrumentación , Nutrición Enteral/métodos , Intubación Gastrointestinal/instrumentación , Intubación Gastrointestinal/métodos , Pesos y Medidas Corporales , Oído Externo , Esófago , Nariz , Estudios Prospectivos , Estómago , Ombligo , Apófisis XifoidesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate respiratory muscle strength, oxygenation and chest pain in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) using internal thoracic artery grafts comparing pleural drain insertion site at the subxyphoid region versus the lateral region. METHODS: Forty patients were randomized into two groups in accordance with the pleural drain site. Group II (n = 19) -pleural drain exteriorized in the intercostal space; group (SI) (n = 21) chest tube exteriorized at the subxyphoid region. All patients underwent assessment of respiratory muscle strength (inspiratory and expiratory) on the pre, 1, 3 and 5 postoperative days (POD). Arterial blood gas analysis was collected on the pre and POD1. The chest pain sensation was measured 1, 3 and 5 POD. RESULTS: A significant decrease in respiratory muscle strength (inspiratory and expiratory) was seen in both groups until POD5 (P <0.05). When compared, the difference between groups remained significant with greater decrease in the II (P <0.05). The blood arterial oxygenation fell in both groups (P <0.05), but the oxygenation was lower in the II (P <0.05). Referred chest pain was higher 1, 3 and 5 POD in the II group (P <0.05). The orotracheal intubation time and postoperative length of hospital stay were higher in the II group (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients submitted to subxyphoid pleural drainage showed less decrease in respiratory muscle strength, better preservation of blood oxygenation and reduced thoracic pain compared to patients with intercostal drain on early OPCAB postoperative.
Asunto(s)
Dolor en el Pecho/fisiopatología , Puente de Arteria Coronaria Off-Pump , Drenaje/métodos , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Oxígeno/sangre , Pleura , Músculos Respiratorios/fisiología , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor Referido/fisiopatología , Periodo Posoperatorio , Apófisis XifoidesRESUMEN
INTRODUÇÃO: A reconstrução mamária com retalho do músculo reto abdominal (TRAM, do inglês transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous) tem se tornado um procedimento comumente realizado desde a década de 1990. O TRAM ipsilateral vem demonstrando ser tão seguro quanto o retalho contralateral na reconstrução mamária. Entretanto, estudos avaliando o resultado estético com as duas técnicas são escassos na literatura. A proposta deste estudo é comparar os resultados cosméticos entre os retalhos pediculados ipsilateral e contralateral. MÉTODO: Foi realizada avaliação prospectiva de 29 pacientes submetidas a reconstrução imediata com TRAM ipsilateral e contralateral. Os grupos foram comparados entre si, analisando-se os resultados estéticos. RESULTADOS: O estudo incluiu 29 pacientes, com média de idade foi 43 + 7 anos. O grupo 1 (TRAM ipsilateral) apresentou o sulco inframamário bem definido em 91,7% dos casos, comparativamente a 52,9% no grupo 2 (TRAM contralateral). Observou-se abaulamento na região xifoide em 8,3% dos pacientes do grupo 1 e em 23,5% dos pacientes do grupo 2. A diferença na forma global da mama reconstruída não foi importante, com 66,7% e 70,6% de simetria nos grupos 1 e 2, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: O TRAM ipsilateral demonstrou melhor manutenção do sulco inframamário e menor abaulamento na região xifoide. Entretanto, a forma global da mama e a projeção do polo inferior da mama foram similares entre os dois grupos.
BACKGROUND: Breast reconstruction by using the rectus abdominis muscle (transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous, TRAM) flaps is a common procedure that has been performed since the 1990s. Ipsilateral TRAM flaps were proven to be as safe as contralateral flaps for breast reconstruction. However, studies comparing the aesthetic outcomes of the two procedures are poorly described in the literature. The aim of this study was to compare the cosmetic outcomes of ipsilateral and contralateral pedicled flaps. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 29 cases of immediate reconstruction with ipsilateral (group 1) or contralateral (group 2) TRAM flaps. The aesthetic outcomes were analyzed and the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 43 ± 7 years. In group 1 (ipsilateral TRAM), 91.7% of the patients presented a well-defined inframammary fold, as compared to 52.9% of the patients in group 2 (contralateral TRAM). In group 1, 8.3% of patients showed xiphoid bulges, whereas they were observed in 23.5% of patients in group 2. The difference in the overall shape of the reconstructed breast was not significant; symmetry was observed in 66.7% and 70.6% of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Ipsilateral TRAM flaps allow better preservation of the inframammary fold and cause less xiphoid bulge. However, the overall shape of the breast and the projection of its lower pole were similar between the two groups.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Músculos Abdominales , Mamoplastia , Microcirugia , Mama/cirugía , Apófisis Xifoides/cirugía , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Técnicas y Procedimientos Diagnósticos , Estética , Métodos , PacientesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate respiratory muscle strength, oxygenation and chest pain in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) using internal thoracic artery grafts comparing pleural drain insertion site at the subxyphoid region versus the lateral region. METHODS: Forty patients were randomized into two groups in accordance with the pleural drain site. Group II (n = 19) -pleural drain exteriorized in the intercostal space; group (SI) (n = 21) chest tube exteriorized at the subxyphoid region. All patients underwent assessment of respiratory muscle strength (inspiratory and expiratory) on the pre, 1, 3 and 5 postoperative days (POD). Arterial blood gas analysis was collected on the pre and POD1. The chest pain sensation was measured 1, 3 and 5 POD. RESULTS: A significant decrease in respiratory muscle strength (inspiratory and expiratory) was seen in both groups until POD5 (P <0.05). When compared, the difference between groups remained significant with greater decrease in the II (P <0.05). The blood arterial oxygenation fell in both groups (P <0.05), but the oxygenation was lower in the II (P <0.05). Referred chest pain was higher 1, 3 and 5 POD in the II group (P <0.05). The orotracheal intubation time and postoperative length of hospital stay were higher in the II group (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients submitted to subxyphoid pleural drainage showed less decrease in respiratory muscle strength, better preservation of blood oxygenation and reduced thoracic pain compared to patients with intercostal drain on early OPCAB postoperative.
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a força muscular respiratória, oxigenação e dor torácica em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (RM) sem circulação extracorpórea (CEC) comparando o local de inserção do dreno pleural na região subxifoidea versus lateral. MÉTODOS: Quarenta pacientes foram randomizados em dois grupos Grupo (II - n = 19) - dreno pleural exteriorizado na região intercostal; Grupo (SI - n = 21) dreno pleural exteriorizado na região subxifoidea. Os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação da força muscular respiratória no pré, 1º, 3ºe 5º dias de pós-operatório (PO). Gasometria arterial foi coletada no pré e 1º dia do PO. A dor torácica foi avaliada no 1º, 3º e 5º dias de PO. RESULTADOS: Ambos os grupos apresentaram diminuição significante da força muscular respiratória até o quinto dia do PO (P <0,05). A diferença entre os grupos manteve-se significante com maior decréscimo no grupo II (P <0,05). Houve queda na pressão arterial de oxigênio em ambos os grupos (P <0,05), mas quando comparado à queda foi maior no grupo II (P <0,05). A dor torácica no 1º, 2º e 5º dia do PO foi maior grupo II (P <0,05). O tempo de intubação orotraqueal e permanência hospitalar no PO foram maiores no grupo II (P<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes submetidos a drenagem pleural subxifoidea apresentaram menor queda na força muscular respiratória, melhor preservação da oxigenação arterial e menos dor comparado aos pacientes com inserção do dreno na região intercostal no PO precoce de cirurgia de RM sem CEC.
Asunto(s)
Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Puente de Arteria Coronaria Off-Pump , Dolor en el Pecho/fisiopatología , Drenaje/métodos , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Oxígeno/sangre , Pleura , Músculos Respiratorios/fisiología , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Periodo Posoperatorio , Dolor Referido/fisiopatología , Apófisis XifoidesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Exacerbation of pulmonary dysfunction has been reported in patients receiving a pleural drain inserted through the intercostal space in comparison to patients with an intact pleura undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Evidence suggests that shifting the site of pleural drain insertion to the subxyphoid position minimizes chest wall trauma and preserves respiratory function in the early postoperative period. The aim of this study was to compare the pulmonary function parameters, clinical outcomes, and pain score between patients undergoing pleurotomy with pleural drain placed in the subxyphoid position and patients with intact pleural cavity after off-pump CABG (OPCAB) using left internal thoracic artery (LITA). METHODS: Seventy-one patients were allocated into two groups: I (n = 38 open left pleural cavity and pleural drain inserted in the subxyphoid position); II (n = 33 intact pleural cavity). Pulmonary function tests and clinical parameters were recorded preoperatively and on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3 and 5. Arterial blood gas analysis and shunt fraction were evaluated preoperatively and in POD1. Pain score was assessed on POD1. To monitor pleural effusion and atelectasis chest radiography was performed routinely 1 day before operation and until POD5. RESULTS: In both groups a significant impairment was found in lung function parameters until on POD5. However, no significant difference in forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second were seen between groups. A significant decrease in partial pressure of arterial oxygen and an increase in shunt fraction values were observed on POD1 in both groups, but no statistical difference was found when the groups were compared. Pleural effusion and atelectasis until on POD5 were similar in both groups. There were no statistical differences in pain score, duration of mechanical ventilation and postoperative hospital stay between groups. CONCLUSION: Subxyphoid insertion of pleural drain provides similar effects to preserved pleural integrity in pulmonary function, clinical outcomes, and thoracic pain after OPCAB. Therefore, our results support the hypothesis that once pleural cavities are incidentally or purposely opened during LITA dissection, subxyphoid placement of the pleural drain is recommended.
Asunto(s)
Puente de Arteria Coronaria Off-Pump , Pulmón/fisiología , Pleura/cirugía , Succión/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Arterias Mamarias , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas de Función Respiratoria , Apófisis XifoidesRESUMEN
Fundamento: una de las operaciones más laboriosas y complejas son las practicadas en el hiatus esofágico, para el tratamiento de la úlcera péptica y otras enfermedades, dada su localización anatómica y la necesidad de utilizar varios ayudantes en un campo quirúrgico reducido. Objetivo: definir las características anatómicas del ángulo xifoideo que permita diseñar un retractor quirúrgico a utilizar en esta región. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo, el universo se constituyó por doscientos dieciocho trabajadores del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de Camagüey, se escogió una muestra al azar de cien adultos. Se analizaron las variables biotipo, edad, sexo, peso, talla, medidas del ángulo xifoideo y ancho del apéndice xifoides. Resultados: el promedio de edad fue de 35,5 años; el peso promedio 64,8kg; la talla media fue 1,64m; el ángulo xifoideo 86,8º promedio; el ancho del apéndice xifoideo fue 1,82cm como promedio. Conclusiones: el ancho promedio del apéndice xifoides fue de 1,82cm(AU)
Background: one of the most laborious and complex surgical procedures are those practiced in the hiatus oesophageus, for the treatment of the peptic ulcer and other diseases, given their anatomical localization and the necessity to use several assistants in a reduced surgical field. Objective: to define the anatomical characteristics of xiphoid angles that allows designing a surgical retractor to use in this region. Method: a descriptive and prospective study was carried out, the universe was constituted by two-hundred eighteen workers of the University Hospital Manuel Ascunce Domenech of Camagüey, a random sampling of one-hundred adults was chosen. Variables like biotype, age, sex, weight, height, measures of xiphoid angles and width of the xiphoid appendix were analyzed. Results: the average age was of 35,5 years; the average weight of 64,8 Kg; the average height was of 1,64m; the average xiphoid angle 86,8º; the width of xiphoid appendix was 1,82cm as average. Conclusions: the width average of xiphoid appendix was 1,82cm(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Apófisis Xifoides/anatomía & histología , Biotipología , Peso Corporal , Estatura , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
Fundamento: una de las operaciones más laboriosas y complejas son las practicadas en el hiatus esofágico, para el tratamiento de la úlcera péptica y otras enfermedades, dada su localización anatómica y la necesidad de utilizar varios ayudantes en un campo quirúrgico reducido. Objetivo: definir las características anatómicas del ángulo xifoideo que permita diseñar un retractor quirúrgico a utilizar en esta región. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo, el universo se constituyó por doscientos dieciocho trabajadores del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de Camagüey, se escogió una muestra al azar de cien adultos. Se analizaron las variables biotipo, edad, sexo, peso, talla, medidas del ángulo xifoideo y ancho del apéndice xifoides. Resultados: el promedio de edad fue de 35,5 años; el peso promedio 64,8kg; la talla media fue 1,64m; el ángulo xifoideo 86,8º promedio; el ancho del apéndice xifoideo fue 1,82cm como promedio. Conclusiones: el ancho promedio del apéndice xifoides fue de 1,82cm.
Background: one of the most laborious and complex surgical procedures are those practiced in the hiatus oesophageus, for the treatment of the peptic ulcer and other diseases, given their anatomical localization and the necessity to use several assistants in a reduced surgical field. Objective: to define the anatomical characteristics of xiphoid angles that allows designing a surgical retractor to use in this region. Method: a descriptive and prospective study was carried out, the universe was constituted by two-hundred eighteen workers of the University Hospital Manuel Ascunce Domenech of Camagüey, a random sampling of one-hundred adults was chosen. Variables like biotype, age, sex, weight, height, measures of xiphoid angles and width of the xiphoid appendix were analyzed. Results: the average age was of 35,5 years; the average weight of 64,8 Kg; the average height was of 1,64m; the average xiphoid angle 86,8º; the width of xiphoid appendix was 1,82cm as average. Conclusions: the width average of xiphoid appendix was 1,82cm.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Apófisis Xifoides/anatomía & histología , Biotipología , Estatura , Peso Corporal , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: We describe the technical details and the preliminary results of a new surgical approach for multivessel disease that involves using a lower T sternotomy, grafting of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and use of the right internal mammary artery (RIMA) as inflow to the other vessels. OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE: The sternotomy was made from the xiphoid up to the fourth intercostal space and then was continued transversally (T incision). The LIMA was harvested for a length of approximately 8 cm, with preservation of the distal part. The vein was simultaneously taken from the leg. The RIMA was dissected for a length of approximately 5 cm, and the distal part was occluded. Then, 3 mg/kg heparin was given. The anastomosis between the vein and the RIMA was performed. The distal venous anastomoses were done either singly or sequentially. The anterior or posterior route was chosen according to the patient's anatomy. The LIMA was then anastomosed to the LAD. One drain was placed. The sternum was closed with 4 wires, 2 for the T incision and 2 for the sternum. RESULTS: Between September and December 2008, 9 patients underwent their operations with this technique. The mean age was 60 years (range, 55-68 years). The mean number of grafts was 2.8. The mean hospital stay was 5.2 days. Operative mortality was 0%. All patients were reevaluated with 16-slice multislice computed tomography, and all grafts were patent. At the 3-month follow-up, all patients were alive and free of symptoms. CONCLUSION: This minimally invasive technique is a useful alternative for complete revascularization. The sternal mammary supply and the upper part of the sternum are preserved.
Asunto(s)
Anastomosis Quirúrgica/métodos , Prótesis Vascular , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugía , Arterias Mamarias/cirugía , Revascularización Miocárdica/métodos , Esternotomía/métodos , Anciano , Anastomosis Quirúrgica/instrumentación , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Revascularización Miocárdica/instrumentación , Proyectos Piloto , Factor 6 Asociado a Receptor de TNF , Resultado del Tratamiento , Apófisis Xifoides/cirugíaRESUMEN
Presentar nuestra experiencia en 18 colecistectomías laparoscópicas con un sólo puerto visible subxifoideo de 5 mm, obtenida en el Departamento de Cirugía de dos hospitales privados, con el fin de introducir en nuestro país las técnicas que disminuyan aún más el trauma de la laparoscopia tradicional. Estudio prospectivo, observacional. Fueron intervenidos 18 pacientes con la técnica de colecistectomía laparoscópica con un sólo puerto visible subxifoideo, en el período de enero a abril de 2008. Se excluyeron casos de colecistitis aguda, coledocolitiasis y cáncer. Se analizaron la edad, sexo, el tiempo quirúrgico, la estancia hospitalaria, las complicaciones, el índice de conversión y los efectos estéticos. Predominó el sexo femenino (17 a 1). La edad promedio fue de 41 años. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 67 minutos (58 minutos promedio con el uso del ligasure y 98 minutos sin este equipo). El tiempo de hospitalización fue de 24 horas. Se evidenció una sola cicatriz a nivel subxifoideo, en contraste con la técnica laparoscópica habitual, con 3 cicatrices visibles. No hubo conversiones. No hubo morbilidad ni mortalidad. La técnica es perfectamente reproducible en nuestro medio, aportando beneficios adicionales estéticos a la colecistectomía laparoscópica tradicional.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Femenino , Ampicilina/administración & dosificación , Colecistectomía Laparoscópica/métodos , Cálculos de la Vejiga Urinaria/complicaciones , Cálculos de la Vejiga Urinaria/diagnóstico , Ampicilina/farmacología , Apófisis Xifoides/cirugía , Conducto Cístico/cirugíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the intrarater and interrater reliability of cirtometry (measurements of the circumference of the chest and abdomen taken during respiratory movements) as well as its correlation with pulmonary volumes measured by respiratory inductive plethysmography. METHODS: A total of 40 healthy individuals were evaluated. The mean age was 28 years. The measurements were taken in the supine position at three different time points: at rest, at maximal inspiration, and at maximal expiration. Two trained investigators, each of whom was blinded as to the results obtained by the other, performed the measurements. The Friedman test was used to determine intrarater reliability, and the Wilcoxon test, together with the intraclass correlation coefficient, were used to determine interrater reliability. The correlation between the cirtometry measurements and the plethysmography results was obtained using Spearman's correlation coefficient. The level of significance was set at 0.05 for all tests. RESULTS: Intrarater reliability was satisfactory. Regarding interrater reliability, statistically significant differences (2.8 cm at the most) were found in all sets of measurements. However, through the analysis of the intraclass correlation coefficient, the investigators were found to be responsible only for a small portion of the variability (1.2-5.08%) found among the measurements. When the cirtometry measurements were compared to the volumes measured by respiratory inductive plethysmography, low correlations (range, r = 0.170-0.343) were found. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that, although cirtometry is a reliable measurement, it does not accurately measure pulmonary volumes.
Asunto(s)
Abdomen/anatomía & histología , Antropometría/métodos , Sistema Métrico/normas , Pletismografía/normas , Respiración , Tórax/anatomía & histología , Adulto , Axila , Femenino , Humanos , Mediciones del Volumen Pulmonar , Masculino , Sistema Métrico/instrumentación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Descanso , Espirometría , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Ombligo , Apófisis XifoidesRESUMEN
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a confiabilidade intra-examinador e inter-examinadores da cirtometria (conjunto de medidas das circunferências de tórax e abdômen durante os movimentos respiratórios) e sua correlação com volumes pulmonares medidos por meio da pletismografia respiratória por indutância. MÉTODOS: Quarenta indivíduos saudáveis, com média de idade de 28 anos, foram avaliados. As medidas foram realizadas em decúbito dorsal em três momentos: em repouso, em inspiração máxima e em expiração máxima. Dois examinadores treinados, os quais foram cegados, realizaram as medidas. Utilizou-se o teste de Friedman para avaliar a confiabilidade intra-examinador e foram utilizados o teste de Wilcoxon e o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse para avaliar a confiabilidade inter-examinadores. A correlação entre os resultados da cirtometria e da pletismografia foi obtida por meio do coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Para todos os testes, considerou-se um nível de significância estatística de 0,05. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram confiabilidade intra-examinador adequada. Em relação à confiabilidade inter-examinadores, foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas (de no máximo 2,8 cm) em todas os conjuntos de medidas.No entanto, por meio da análise do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse, observou-se que os examinadores foram responsáveis apenas por pequena parte da variabilidade (1,2-5,08 por cento) observada entre as medidas. Quando as medidas da cirtometria foram comparadas aos volumes pulmonares medidos por meio da pletismografia respiratória por indutância, encontraram-se correlações de baixa magnitude (variação de r = 0,170-0,343). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a cirtometria constitui uma medida precisa, mas não acurada, para aferir volumes pulmonares.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To determine the intrarater and interrater reliability of cirtometry (measurements of the circumference of the chest and abdomen taken during respiratory movements) as well as its correlation with pulmonary volumes measured by respiratory inductive plethysmography. METHODS: A total of 40 healthy individuals were evaluated. The mean age was 28 years. The measurements were taken in the supine position at three different time points: at rest, at maximal inspiration, and at maximal expiration. Two trained investigators, each of whom was blinded as to the results obtained by the other, performed the measurements. The Friedman test was used to determine intrarater reliability, and the Wilcoxon test, together with the intraclass correlation coefficient, were used to determine interrater reliability. The correlation between the cirtometry measurements and the plethysmography results was obtained using Spearman's correlation coefficient. The level of significance was set at 0.05 for all tests. RESULTS: Intrarater reliability was satisfactory. Regarding interrater reliability, statistically significant differences (2.8 cm at the most) were found in all sets of measurements. However, through the analysis of the intraclass correlation coefficient, the investigators were found to be responsible only for a small portion of the variability (1.2-5.08 percent) found among the measurements. When the cirtometry measurements were compared to the volumes measured by respiratory inductive plethysmography, low correlations (range, r = 0.170-0.343) were found. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that, although cirtometry is a reliable measurement, it does not accurately measure pulmonary volumes.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Abdomen/anatomía & histología , Antropometría/métodos , Sistema Métrico/normas , Pletismografía/normas , Respiración , Tórax/anatomía & histología , Axila , Mediciones del Volumen Pulmonar , Sistema Métrico/instrumentación , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Descanso , Espirometría , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Ombligo , Apófisis XifoidesRESUMEN
The use of the subxiphoid pericardial window (SPW) in evaluating stable patients with cardiac proximity injuries is presented in a short case series. There were 11 patients with four positive and seven negative SPW. There was one false positive and no false negatives. Review of the literature on the use of the SPW as a diagnostic tool in evaluating cardiac proximity injuries shows the SPW to be a rapid and reliable method of detecting occult cardiac injuries, and is especially useful in areas where emergency echocardiography is not available
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Heridas Punzantes/cirugía , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/cirugía , Apófisis Xifoides/lesiones , Apófisis Xifoides/cirugía , Pericardio/lesiones , Pericardio/cirugía , Técnicas de Ventana Pericárdica , Análisis de Supervivencia , Ecocardiografía , Electrocardiografía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Heridas Penetrantes/diagnóstico , Heridas Penetrantes/mortalidad , Heridas Penetrantes/cirugía , Heridas Punzantes/diagnóstico , Heridas Punzantes/mortalidad , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/diagnóstico , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/mortalidad , Jamaica , Miocardio/patología , Radiografía Intervencional , Reacciones Falso Positivas , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ventrículos Cardíacos/lesiones , Ventrículos Cardíacos/cirugíaRESUMEN
The use of the subxiphoid pericardial window (SPW) in evaluating stable patients with cardiac proximity injuries is presented in a short case series. There were 11 patients with four positive and seven negative SPW. There was one false positive and no false negatives. Review of the literature on the use of the SPW as a diagnostic tool in evaluating cardiac proximity injuries shows the SPW to be a rapid and reliable method of detecting occult cardiac injuries, and is especially useful in areas where emergency echocardiography is not available.
Asunto(s)
Técnicas de Ventana Pericárdica , Pericardio/lesiones , Pericardio/cirugía , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/cirugía , Heridas Punzantes/cirugía , Apófisis Xifoides/lesiones , Apófisis Xifoides/cirugía , Adulto , Ecocardiografía , Electrocardiografía , Reacciones Falso Positivas , Ventrículos Cardíacos/lesiones , Ventrículos Cardíacos/cirugía , Humanos , Jamaica , Masculino , Miocardio/patología , Radiografía Intervencional , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/diagnóstico , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/mortalidad , Heridas Penetrantes/diagnóstico , Heridas Penetrantes/mortalidad , Heridas Penetrantes/cirugía , Heridas Punzantes/diagnóstico , Heridas Punzantes/mortalidadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The premise for adopting minimally invasive cardiac surgery techniques for myocardial revascularization is to reduce the patient's morbidity without compromising the efficacy of conventional coronary artery bypass. However, opening the pleura has been a limitation of using these approaches. AIM: We used the xiphoid approach as an alternative to opening the pleura and to minimize pain after minimally invasive coronary artery bypass surgery. METHODS: We review our surgical experience in 55 patients who underwent minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) surgery through a xiphoid approach between October 1997 and August 1999. Thoracoscopy (n = 31) or direct vision (n = 24) were used for internal mammary artery (IMA) harvesting. Mean patient age was 67 +/- 10 years and 65% were men. The mean Parsonnet score was 23 +/- 10. Performed anastomoses included left IMA (LIMA) to the left anterior descending (LAD) artery (n = 53), LIMA-to-LAD and saphenous vein graft from the LIMA to the right coronary artery (n = 1), and LIMA-to-LAD and right IMA (RIMA) to right coronary artery (n = 1). RESULTS: Postoperative complications included atrial fibrillation (12%), acute noninfectious pericarditis (12%), and acute renal failure (5%). Mean postoperative length of stay was 4 +/- 2 days. Angiography was performed in 16 patients and demonstrated excellent patency of the anastomoses. There was no operative mortality. Actuarial survival was 98% in a mean follow-up period of 11 +/- 5 months. CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass can be performed safely through a xiphoid approach with low morbidity, mortality, and a relatively short hospital stay.
Asunto(s)
Puente de Arteria Coronaria/métodos , Apófisis Xifoides/cirugía , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Tiempo de Internación , Masculino , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Mínimamente Invasivos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , ToracoscopíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Interest in minimally invasive procedures has recently increased because it results in less surgical trauma, decreased patient discomfort, short hospital stay, reduced costs, and better cosmetic appearance. Based on these facts, we have been using the transxiphoid process approach without sternotomy for the correction of atrial septal defects. METHODS: From July 1996 to January 1997, the xiphoid process window approach was performed in 10 patients with ostium secundum atrial septal defect. Ages ranged from 6 months to 14 years (mean, 5.3 years). In all patients, extracorporeal circulation was carried out by means of cannulation of the femoral artery and both caval veins and of aortic cross-clamping. Videothoracoscopy was used to improve visualization of the aorta. RESULTS: There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications, and in all but 1 patient, extubation was possible while in the operating room. CONCLUSIONS: The xiphoid process window, with no median sternotomy, permitted closure of the atrial septal defects with good results and could be used as a less invasive technique for their correction.