RESUMEN
We demonstrated using PBFI K(+)-sensitive fluorescent probe an enhancement of both components of K(+)-cycle--the ATP-sensitive K(+)-uptake and quinine-sensitive K+/H(+)-exchange--under the Ca2+ induced opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) in rat myometrium mitochondria. Addition of CaCl2 (100 µM to K(+)-free medium results in the enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which was eliminated by cyclosporine A. Addition of CaCl2 to K(+)-rich medium did not increase the rate of ROS production, but blocking of mitoK+(ATP)-channels with glybenclamide (10 mcM increased production of ROS. We conclude that K(+)-cycle exerts a protective influence in mitochondria from rat myometrium by regulation of matrix volume and rate of ROS production under the condition of Ca(2+)-induced MPTP.
Asunto(s)
Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Proteínas de Transporte de Membrana Mitocondrial/agonistas , Canales de Potasio/metabolismo , Antiportadores de Potasio-Hidrógeno/metabolismo , Animales , Cloruro de Calcio/metabolismo , Cloruro de Calcio/farmacología , Ciclosporina/farmacología , Femenino , Gliburida/farmacología , Transporte Iónico/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas de Transporte de Membrana Mitocondrial/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas de Transporte de Membrana Mitocondrial/metabolismo , Poro de Transición de la Permeabilidad Mitocondrial , Miometrio/química , Miometrio/metabolismo , Antiportadores de Potasio-Hidrógeno/agonistas , Antiportadores de Potasio-Hidrógeno/antagonistas & inhibidores , Quinina/farmacología , Ratas , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismoRESUMEN
Alteration in cell volume of vertebrates results in activation of volume-sensitive ion flux pathways. Fine control of the activity of these pathways enables cells to regulate volume following osmotic perturbation. Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation have been reported to play a crucial role in the control of volume-sensitive ion flux pathways. Exposing Amphiuma tridactylu red blood cells (RBCs) to phorbol esters in isotonic medium results in a simultaneous, dose-dependent activation of both Na(+)/H(+) and K(+)/H(+) exchangers. We tested the hypothesis that in Amphiuma RBCs, both shrinkage-induced Na(+)/H(+) exchange and swelling-induced K(+)/H(+) exchange are activated by phosphorylation-dependent reactions. To this end, we assessed the effect of calyculin A, a phosphatase inhibitor, on the activity of the aforementioned exchangers. We found that exposure of Amphiuma RBCs to calyculin-A in isotonic media results in simultaneous, 1-2 orders of magnitude increase in the activity of both K(+)/H(+) and Na(+)/H(+) exchangers. We also demonstrate that, in isotonic media, calyculin A-dependent increases in net Na(+) uptake and K(+) loss are a direct result of phosphatase inhibition and are not dependent on changes in cell volume. Whereas calyculin A exposure in the absence of volume changes results in stimulation of both the Na(+)/H(+) and K(+)/H(+) exchangers, superimposing cell swelling or shrinkage and calyculin A treatment results in selective activation of K(+)/H(+) or Na(+)/H(+) exchange, respectively. We conclude that kinase-dependent reactions are responsible for Na(+)/H(+) and K(+)/H(+) exchange activity, whereas undefined volume-dependent reactions confer specificity and coordinated control.