RESUMEN
Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that poses a significant threat to women's health and single therapy fails to play a good oncological therapeutic effect. Synergistic treatment with multiple strategies may make up for the deficiencies and has gained widespread attention. In this study, sulfhydryl-modified hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) was covalently crosslinked with polydopamine (PDA) via a Michael addition reaction to develop an injectable hydrogel, in which PDA can be used not only as a matrix but also as a photothermal agent. After HSA and paclitaxel were spontaneously organized into nanoparticles via hydrophobic interaction, hyaluronic acid with low molecular weight was covalently linked to HSA, thus conferring effectively delivery. This photothermal injectable hydrogel incorporates PTX@HSA-HA nanoparticles, thereby initiating a thermochemotherapeutic response to target malignancy. Our results demonstrated that this injectable hydrogel possesses consistent drug delivery capability in a murine breast cancer model, collaborating with photothermal therapy to effectively suppress tumor growth, represented by low expression of Ki-67 and increasing apoptosis. Photothermal therapy (PTT) can effectively stimulate immune response by increasing IL-6 and TNF-α. Notably, the treatment did not elicit any indications of toxicity. This injectable hydrogel holds significant promise as a multifaceted therapeutic agent that integrates photothermal and chemotherapeutic modalities.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , Ácido Hialurónico , Hidrogeles , Paclitaxel , Terapia Fototérmica , Animales , Ácido Hialurónico/química , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Femenino , Neoplasias de la Mama/terapia , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Ratones , Terapia Fototérmica/métodos , Paclitaxel/farmacología , Paclitaxel/química , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Indoles/química , Indoles/farmacología , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Polímeros/química , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Nanopartículas/química , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , Fototerapia/métodosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Preparation and characterization of nano-emulsion formulations for Asparagus densiflorus aerial and root parts extracts. SIGNIFICANCE: Genus Asparagus is known for its antimicrobial and anticancer activities, however, freeze dried powder of aqueous - alcoholic extract prepared in this study, exhibited a limited water solubility, limiting its therapeutic application. Thus, encapsulation of its phytochemicals into nano-emulsion is proposed as a solution to improve water solubility, and facilitate its clinical translation. METHODS: the composition of extracts for both aerial and root parts of Asparagus densiflorus was identified by HPLC and LC-MS analysis. Nano-emulsion was prepared via homogenization where a mixture of Castor oil: phosphate buffered saline (10 mM, pH 7.4): Tween 80: PEG 600 in a ratio of 10: 5: 2.5: 2.5, respectively. Nano-emulsion formulations were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, TEM, viscosity and pH. Then, the antibacterial and anticancer activities of nano-emulsion formulations versus their pure plant counterparts was assessed. RESULTS: The analysis of extracts identified several flavonoids, phenolics, and saponins which were reported to have antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Nano-emulsion formulations were monodispersed with droplet sizes ranging from 80.27 ± 2.05 to 111.16 ± 1.97 nm, and polydispersity index ≤0.3. Nano-emulsion formulations enhanced significantly the antibacterial (multidrug resistant bacteria causing skin and dental soft tissues infections) and anticancer (HuH7, HEPG2, H460 and HCT116) activities compared to their pure plant extract counterparts. CONCLUSION: Employing a nano-delivery system as a carrier for phytochemicals might be an effective strategy to enhance their pharmacological activity, overcome their limitations, and ultimately increase their potential for clinical applications.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos , Asparagus , Emulsiones , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas , Extractos Vegetales , Raíces de Plantas , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Humanos , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas/química , Asparagus/química , Raíces de Plantas/química , Tamaño de la Partícula , Nanopartículas/química , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Solubilidad , Línea Celular Tumoral , Composición de Medicamentos/métodos , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
A multi-component paclitaxel (PTX) -loaded ß-elemene nanoemulsion by transferrin modification (Tf-PE-MEs) was developed to enhance non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. After transferrin modification, the particle size of Tf-PE-MEs was (14.87 ± 1.84) nm, and the zeta potential was (-10.19 ± 0.870) mV, respectively. In vitro experiments showed that Tf-PE-MEs induced massive apoptosis in A549 cells, indicating that it had significant cytotoxicity to A549 cells. Through transferrin modification, Tf-PE-MEs accumulated at the tumor site efficiently with overexpressed transferrin receptor (TfR) on the surface of A549 cells. This will allow increasing PTX and ß-elemene concentration in the target cells, enhancing the therapeutic effect. Compared to PTX alone, Tf-PE-MEs displayed good anti-tumor efficacy and diminished systemic toxicity in vivo studies. With favourable therapeutic potential, this study provides a new strategy for the combined anticancer treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos , Apoptosis , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas , Emulsiones , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Nanopartículas , Paclitaxel , Sesquiterpenos , Transferrina , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/farmacología , Paclitaxel/química , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Transferrina/química , Transferrina/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Células A549 , Sesquiterpenos/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos/química , Sesquiterpenos/administración & dosificación , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Nanopartículas/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Desnudos , Receptores de Transferrina/metabolismo , Tamaño de la Partícula , Ratones , Línea Celular Tumoral , Masculino , Liberación de Fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Paclitaxel (PTX) is an essential cytotoxic anticancer agent and a standard treatment regimen component for various malignant tumors, including advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer, thymic cancer, and primary unknown cancers. However, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) caused by PTX is a significant adverse event that may lead to chemotherapy discontinuation and deterioration of the quality of life (QOL). Although treatment modalities such as goshajinkigan (GJG), pregabalin, and duloxetine are empirically utilized for CIPN, there is no established evidence for an agent as a preventive measure. We designed a randomized phase II trial (OLCSG2101) to investigate whether prophylactic GJG administration can prevent the onset of CIPN induced by PTX. METHODS: This study was designed as a two-arm, prospective, randomized, multicenter phase II trial. The patients will be randomly assigned to either the GJG prophylaxis arm (Arm A) or the GJG non-prophylaxis arm (Arm B), using cancer type (lung cancer or not) and age (<70 years or not) as adjustment factors. A total of 66 patients (33 in each arm) will be enrolled. DISCUSSION: The results of this study may contribute to better management of CIPN, which can enable the continuation of chemotherapy and maintenance of the patient's QOL. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was obtained from the certified review board of Okayama University (approval no. CRB21-005) on September 28, 2021. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (registration number jRCTs061210047).
Asunto(s)
Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Paclitaxel , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/efectos adversos , Ensayos Clínicos Fase II como Asunto , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/administración & dosificación , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Estudios Multicéntricos como Asunto , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/efectos adversos , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/prevención & control , Estudios Prospectivos , Calidad de Vida , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como AsuntoRESUMEN
Purpose: The present study aimed to develop a lipid nanoplatform, denoted as "BAL-PTX-LN", co-loaded with chiral baicalin derivatives (BAL) and paclitaxel (PTX) to promote the anti-lung cancer efficacy of paclitaxel and reduce the toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs. Methods: BAL-PTX-LN was optimized through central composite design based on a single-factor experiments. BAL-PTX-LN was evaluated by TEM, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, hemolysis rate, release kinetics and stability. And was evaluated by pharmacokinetics and the antitumor efficacy studied both in vitro and in vivo. The in vivo safety profile of the formulation was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Results: BAL-PTX-LN exhibited spherical morphology with a particle size of 134.36 ± 3.18 nm, PDI of 0.24 ± 0.02, and with an encapsulation efficiency exceeding 90%, BAL-PTX-LN remained stable after 180 days storage. In vitro release studies revealed a zero-order kinetic model of PTX from the liposomal formulation. No hemolysis was observed in the preparation group. Pharmacokinetic analysis of PTX in the BAL-PTX-LN group revealed an approximately three-fold higher bioavailability and twice longer t1/2 compared to the bulk drug group. Furthermore, the IC50 of BAL-PTX-LN decreased by 2.35 times (13.48 µg/mL vs 31.722 µg/mL) and the apoptosis rate increased by 1.82 times (29.38% vs 16.13%) at 24 h compared to the PTX group. In tumor-bearing nude mice, the BAL-PTX-LN formulation exhibited a two-fold higher tumor inhibition rate compared to the PTX group (62.83% vs 29.95%), accompanied by a ten-fold decrease in Ki67 expression (4.26% vs 45.88%). Interestingly, HE staining revealed no pathological changes in tissues from the BAL-PTX-LN group, whereas tissues from the PTX group exhibited pathological changes and tumor cell infiltration. Conclusion: BAL-PTX-LN improves the therapeutic effect of poorly soluble chemotherapeutic drugs on lung cancer, which is anticipated to emerge as a viable therapeutic agent for lung cancer in clinical applications.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Paclitaxel , Paclitaxel/química , Paclitaxel/farmacocinética , Paclitaxel/farmacología , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Animales , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Humanos , Flavonoides/química , Flavonoides/farmacología , Flavonoides/farmacocinética , Flavonoides/administración & dosificación , Tamaño de la Partícula , Nanopartículas/química , Ratones , Liposomas/química , Liposomas/farmacocinética , Células A549 , Lípidos/química , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Línea Celular Tumoral , Liberación de Fármacos , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacocinética , Ratones Desnudos , Hemólisis/efectos de los fármacos , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the major side effects and main reasons for affecting quality of life and dose reduction or even discontinuation of treatment in breast cancer patients. One of the most widely prescribed chemotherapies is the "taxanes." Considering that duloxetine has been used in treating neuropathies in recent years, this study aimed to investigate its effectiveness in preventing taxane-related neuropathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a randomized controlled trial on 47 patients: 24 received a placebo and 23 received duloxetine at 30 mg daily in the first week following the injection of paclitaxel and 60 mg during the second week in each chemotherapy cycle. Patients objective (nerve conduction velocity (NCV) values) and subjective symptoms (visual analog scale including; neuropathy, paresthesia, pain, cold sensitivity, and numbness), the grades of the patients' neuropathy (calculated according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v.5), and the presence of complications, before and after each chemotherapy cycle, were recorded. RESULTS: The placebo group experienced significantly higher occurrences of new neuropathy (8/23 in duloxetine vs 16/24 in placebo, P = 0.029) in NCV by tibial nerve latency (- 0.28% vs 19.87%, P = 0.006), tibial amplitude (4.40% vs - 10.88%, P = 0.049), and median nerve latency (8.72% vs 31.16%, P = 0.039); administration of duloxetine significantly reduced the scores of neuropathies (P < 0.001), pain (P = 0.027), during chemotherapy, and 6 weeks later; however, no significant effect was observed on paresthesia, numbness, cold sensitivity, and other NCV measurements. CONCLUSIONS: Paclitaxel can cause neuropathy, lasting for a long time. Our study showed duloxetine is potentially an effective medication that can prevent subjective and objective neuropathy.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos , Neoplasias de la Mama , Clorhidrato de Duloxetina , Paclitaxel , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico , Humanos , Clorhidrato de Duloxetina/administración & dosificación , Clorhidrato de Duloxetina/uso terapéutico , Paclitaxel/efectos adversos , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Método Doble Ciego , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/prevención & control , Adulto , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Calidad de Vida , AncianoRESUMEN
Gnetum montanum Markgr. (Gnetaceae) is a commonly used traditional herbal medicine among the Yao ethnic group, with potential effects in preventing and treating tumors. However, the substance basis of its anti-tumor properties remains unclear. This study utilized ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) to identify the chemical components of G. montanum extract (GME) and its absorbed prototypes in cynomolgus monkey plasma after oral administration. A total of 57 compounds were detected in the GME, with 14 compounds in positive ion mode and 43 compounds in negative ion mode. In the cynomolgus monkey plasma, 17 compounds were identified, with 3 compounds in positive ion mode and 14 compounds in negative ion mode. Subsequently, we utilized high content screening technology to investigate the anti-tumor effects of GME on colon cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, and esophageal cancer. We found that the GME exhibited significant proliferation inhibition on colon cancer cells SW480, with an IC50 value of 50.77⯵g/mL. Further research using component separation and pharmacological tracking revealed that the F2 component of the GME demonstrated notable anti-tumor effects. Through UPLC-MS identification, the chemical components in the F2 fraction were identified as pinoresinol diglucoside, (+)-pinoresinol-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, ursolic acid, and gnetol. In conclusion, this study contributes to elucidating the anti-tumor pharmacological basis of GME and provides robust support for future drug design and development.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos , Macaca fascicularis , Extractos Vegetales , Animales , Administración Oral , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/sangre , Humanos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Masculino , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Espectrometría de Masas/métodos , Femenino , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/métodosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) presents a major challenge in the treatment of late-stage, solid tumors, with traditional therapies limited by poor drug penetration. We evaluated a novel hyperthermic pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (HPIPAC) system using a human abdominal cavity model for its efficacy against AGS gastric cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A model simulating the human abdominal cavity and AGS gastric cancer cell line cultured dishes were used to assess the efficacy of the HPIPAC system. Cell viability was measured to evaluate the impact of HPIPAC under 6 different conditions: heat alone, PIPAC with paclitaxel (PTX), PTX alone, normal saline (NS) alone, heat with NS, and HPIPAC with PTX. RESULTS: Results showed a significant reduction in cell viability with HPIPAC combined with PTX, indicating enhanced cytotoxic effects. Immediately after treatment, the average cell viability was 66.6%, which decreased to 49.2% after 48 hours and to a further 19.6% after 120 hours of incubation, demonstrating the sustained efficacy of the treatment. In contrast, control groups exhibited a recovery in cell viability; heat alone showed cell viability increasing from 90.8% to 94.4%, PIPAC with PTX from 82.7% to 89.7%, PTX only from 73.3% to 74.8%, NS only from 90.9% to 98.3%, and heat with NS from 74.4% to 84.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The HPIPAC system with PTX exhibits a promising approach in the treatment of PC in gastric cancer, significantly reducing cell viability. Despite certain limitations, this study highlights the system's potential to enhance treatment outcomes. Future efforts should focus on refining HPIPAC and validating its effectiveness in clinical settings.
Asunto(s)
Aerosoles , Supervivencia Celular , Quimioterapia Intraperitoneal Hipertérmica , Paclitaxel , Neoplasias Peritoneales , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Neoplasias Peritoneales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Peritoneales/secundario , Neoplasias Peritoneales/patología , Neoplasias Peritoneales/terapia , Paclitaxel/farmacología , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Quimioterapia Intraperitoneal Hipertérmica/métodos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Hipertermia Inducida/métodos , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Oral administration of BCS class IV anticancer agents has always remained challenging and frequently results in poor oral bioavailability. The goal of the current study was to develop hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) employing cholesterol and poloxamer-407 to boost paclitaxel's (PTX) oral bioavailability. A series of HNPs with different cholesterol and poloxamer-407 ratios were developed utilizing a single-step nanoprecipitation technique. The PTX loaded HNPs were characterized systematically via particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, surface morphology, in vitro drug release, FTIR, DSC, XRD, acute oral toxicity analysis, hemolysis evaluation, accelerated stability studies, and in vivo pharmacokinetic analysis. The HNPs were found within the range of 106.6±55.60 - 244.5±88.24â¯nm diameter with the polydispersity index ranging from 0.20±0.03 - 0.51±0.11. SEM confirmed circular, nonporous, and smooth surfaces of HNPs. PTX loaded HNPs exhibited controlled release profile. The compatibility between the components of formulation, thermal stability, and amorphous nature of HNPs were confirmed by FTIR, DSC, and XRD, respectively. Acute oral toxicity analysis revealed that developed system have no deleterious effects on the animals' cellular structures. HNPs demonstrated notable cytotoxic effects and were hemocompatible at relatively higher concentrations. In vivo pharmacokinetic profile (AUC0-∞, AUMC0-∞, t1/2, and MRT0-∞) of the PTX loaded HNPs was improved as compared to pure PTX. It is concluded from our findings that the developed HNPs are hemocompatible, biocompatible and have significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of PTX.
Asunto(s)
Disponibilidad Biológica , Portadores de Fármacos , Nanopartículas , Paclitaxel , Paclitaxel/farmacocinética , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/química , Paclitaxel/farmacología , Animales , Administración Oral , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Nanopartículas/química , Materiales Biocompatibles/química , Ratas , Tamaño de la Partícula , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Masculino , Poloxámero/química , Hemólisis/efectos de los fármacos , Liberación de Fármacos , Colesterol/químicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In older patients, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is difficult to treat using standard therapies, including surgery and cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy. Paclitaxel (PTX) has radiosensitizing activity. We conducted a phase I trial of PTX combined with radiotherapy to establish a standard therapy for locally advanced ESCC in older patients. METHODS: Enrollment was conducted at six centers in Japan from April 2016 to September 2019. The participants were aged ≥ 70 years, had locally advanced ESCC, and were intolerant to surgery or unwilling. A fixed 60-Gy radiation dose was administered in 30 fractions. PTX dosing levels started at 30 mg/m2 weekly for 6 weeks. Depending on the number of DLTs, the dose was set to be increased by 10 mg/m2 or switched to biweekly. A geriatric assessment was performed before treatment using the Geriatric-8 screening tool. The primary endpoint was dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). RESULTS: We enrolled 24 patients (6 per group); DLT was observed in one (grade 4 hypokalemia), one (grade 3 aspiration), two (grade 3 radiodermatitis, grade 3 esophageal hemorrhage), and two (grade 3 anorexia, grade 5 pneumonitis) patients in the weekly PTX 30, 40, 50, and 60 mg/m2 groups, respectively. All adverse events, except death in the 60 mg/m2 group, showed reversible improvement, and the safety profile was considered acceptable. The 2-year survival and complete response rates were 40.0% and 54.2%, respectively. There was a significant difference in survival between favorable and unfavorable Geriatric-8 scores. CONCLUSIONS: The recommended PTX dose with concomitant radiation was determined to be 50 mg/m2 weekly. Phase II trials at this dose are underway.
Asunto(s)
Quimioradioterapia , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago , Paclitaxel , Humanos , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Masculino , Femenino , Quimioradioterapia/métodos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/mortalidad , Neoplasias Esofágicas/terapia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patología , Neoplasias Esofágicas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Esofágicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/uso terapéutico , Japón , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The low incidence of vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN) in Kenyan children may result from low vincristine exposure. We studied vincristine exposure in Kenyan children and dose-escalated in case of low vincristine exposure (NCT05844670). Average vincristine exposure was high. Individual vincristine exposure was assessed with a previously developed nomogram. A 20% dose increase was recommended for participants with low exposure and no VIPN, hyperbilirubinemia, or malnutrition. None of the 15 participants developed VIPN. Low vincristine exposure was seen in one participant: a dose increase was implemented without side effects. In conclusion, the participants did not develop VIPN despite having high vincristine exposure.
Asunto(s)
Estudios de Factibilidad , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico , Vincristina , Humanos , Vincristina/efectos adversos , Vincristina/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Masculino , Kenia , Preescolar , Niño , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/inducido químicamente , Lactante , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Estudios de Seguimiento , AdolescenteRESUMEN
Leukemia, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is considered a serious health condition with high prevalence among adults. Accordingly, finding new therapeutic modalities for AML is urgently needed. This study aimed to develop a biocompatible nanoformulation for effective oral delivery of the phytomedicine; baicalin (BAC) for AML treatment. Lipid nanocapsules (LNCs) based on bioactive natural components; rhamnolipids (RL) as a biosurfactant and the essential oil linalool (LIN), were prepared using a simple phase-inversion method. The elaborated BAC-LNCs displayed 61.1 nm diameter and 0.2 PDI. Entrapment efficiency exceeded 98 % with slow drug release and high storage-stability over 3 months. Moreover, BAC-LNCs enhanced BAC oral bioavailability by 2.3-fold compared to BAC suspension in rats with higher half-life and mean residence-time. In vitro anticancer studies confirmed the prominent cytotoxicity of BAC-LNCs on the human leukemia monocytes (THP-1). BAC-LNCs exerted higher cellular association, apoptotic capability and antiproliferative activity with DNA synthesis-phase arrest. Finally, a mechanistic study performed through evaluation of various tumor biomarkers revealed that BAC-LNCs downregulated the angiogenic marker, vascular endothelial growth-factor (VEGF) and the anti-apoptotic marker (BCl-2) and upregulated the apoptotic markers (Caspase-3 and BAX). The improved efficacy of BAC bioactive-LNCs substantially recommends their pharmacotherapeutic potential as a promising nanoplatform for AML treatment.
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Liberación de Fármacos , Flavonoides , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Nanocápsulas , Animales , Flavonoides/farmacología , Flavonoides/administración & dosificación , Flavonoides/química , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/tratamiento farmacológico , Nanocápsulas/química , Masculino , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Glucolípidos/química , Glucolípidos/administración & dosificación , Glucolípidos/farmacología , Monoterpenos/farmacología , Monoterpenos/química , Monoterpenos/administración & dosificación , Células THP-1 , Disponibilidad Biológica , Administración Oral , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Monoterpenos AcíclicosRESUMEN
Colorectal cancer represents a worldwide spread type of cancer and it is regarded as one of the leading death causes, along with lung, breast, and prostate cancers. Since conventional surgical resection and chemotherapy proved limited efficiency, the use of alternative drug delivery systems that ensure the controlled release of cytostatic agents possess immense potential for treatment. In this regard, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate the efficiency of a series of irinotecan-loaded magnetite-silica core-shell systems. The magnetite particles were obtained through a solvothermal treatment, while the silica shell was obtained through the Stöber method directly onto the surface of magnetite particles. Subsequently, the core-shell systems were physico-chemically and morpho-structurally evaluated trough X-ray diffraction (XRD) and (high-resolution) transmission electron microscopy ((HR-)TEM) equipped with a High Annular Angular Dark Field Detector (HAADF) for elemental mapping. After the irinotecan loading, the drug delivery systems were evaluated through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Additionally, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method was employed for determining the surface area and pore volume of the systems. The biological functionality of the core-shells was investigated through the MTT assay performed on both normal and cancer cells. The results of the study confirmed the formation of highly crystalline magnetite particles comprising the core and mesoporous silica layers of sizes varying between 2 and 7 nm as the shell. Additionally, the drug loading and release was dependent on the type of the silica synthesis procedure, since the lack of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) resulted in higher drug loading but lower cumulative release. Moreover, the nanostructured systems demonstrated a targeted efficiency towards HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, as in the case of normal L929 fibroblast cells, the cell viability was higher than for the pristine drug. In this manner, this study provides the means and procedures for developing drug delivery systems with applicability in the treatment of cancer.
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Supervivencia Celular , Neoplasias Colorrectales , Liberación de Fármacos , Irinotecán , Dióxido de Silicio , Irinotecán/administración & dosificación , Irinotecán/química , Dióxido de Silicio/química , Humanos , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Nanopartículas de Magnetita/química , Línea Celular Tumoral , Óxido Ferrosoférrico/química , Óxido Ferrosoférrico/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
In order to overcome the poor bioavailability of paclitaxel (PTX), in this study, self-assembled paclitaxel silk fibronectin nanoparticles (PTX-SF-NPs) were encapsulated with outer membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli (E. coil), and biofilm-encapsulated paclitaxel silk fibronectin nanoparticles (OMV-PTX-SF-NPs) were prepared by high-pressure co-extrusion, the size and zeta potential of the OMV-PTX-SF-NPs were measured. The antitumor effects of OMV-PTX-SF-NPs were evaluated by cellular and pharmacodynamic assays, and pharmacokinetic experiments were performed. The results showed that hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonding played a major role in the interaction between paclitaxel and filipin proteins, and the size of OMV-PTX-SF-NPs was 199.8 ± 2.8 nm, zeta potential was -17.8 ± 1.3 mv. The cellular and in vivo pharmacokinetic assays demonstrated that the OMV-PTX-SF-NPs possessed a promising antitumor effect. Pharmacokinetic experiments showed that the AUC0-∞ of OMV-PTX-SF-NPs was 5.314 ± 0.77, which was much larger than that of free PTX, which was 0.744 ± 0.14. Overall, we have successfully constructed a stable oral formulation of paclitaxel with a sustained-release effect, which is able to effectively increase the bioavailability of paclitaxel, improve the antitumor activity, and reduce the adverse effects.
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Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos , Biopelículas , Nanopartículas , Paclitaxel , Seda , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/farmacocinética , Paclitaxel/farmacología , Nanopartículas/química , Animales , Humanos , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Seda/química , Línea Celular Tumoral , Ratones , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Disponibilidad Biológica , Masculino , Ratas , Ratones Endogámicos BALB CRESUMEN
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a first-line drug for the treatment of lung cancer, but its targeting and therapeutic effect are unsatisfactory. Herein, lung cancer cell (A549) membrane biomimetic PTX-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (AM@PTX-NPs) were constructed to eliminate the shortcomings of PTX. The AM@PTX-NPs were successfully prepared with a high drug loading efficiency (10.90±0.06â¯%). Moreover, transmission electron microscopy, SDS-PAGE, and western blotting proved that AM@PTX-NPs were spherical nanoparticles camouflaged by the A549 cell membrane. Both in vitro and in vivo assays revealed that the AM@PTX-NPs displayed outstanding targeting capacity due to A549 membrane modification. The cytotoxicity experiment showed that the developed biomimetic formulation was able to effectively reduce the proliferation of A549 cells. Moreover, AM@PTX-NPs exhibited a significant tumor growth inhibition rate (73.00â¯%) with good safety in the tumor-bearing mice, which was higher than that of the PTX-NPs without A549 membrane coating (37.39â¯%). Overall, the constructed bioinspired vector could provide a novel platform for the PTX delivery and demonstrated a promising strategy for the targeted cancer treatment.
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Membrana Celular , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Nanopartículas , Paclitaxel , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico-Ácido Poliglicólico , Paclitaxel/farmacología , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/química , Humanos , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico-Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Animales , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Células A549 , Membrana Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/química , Ratones , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Ratones Desnudos , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto , Portadores de Fármacos/químicaRESUMEN
In this study, chitosan low molecular weight (LCH) and chitosan medium molecular weight (MCH) were employed to encapsulate a yarrow extract rich in chlorogenic acid and dicaffeoylquinic acids (DCQAs) that showed antiproliferative activity against colon adenocarcinoma cells. The design of CH micro/nanoparticles to increase the extract colon delivery was carried out by using two different techniques: ionic gelation and spray drying. Ionic gelation nanoparticles obtained were smaller and presented higher yields values than spray-drying microparticles, but spray-drying microparticles showed the best performance in terms of encapsulation efficiency (EE) (> 94%), also allowing the inclusion of a higher quantity of extract. Spray-drying microparticles designed using LCH with an LCH:extract ratio of 6:1 (1.25 mg/mL) showed a mean diameter of 1.31 ± 0.21 µm and EE values > 93%, for all phenolic compounds studied. The release profile of phenolic compounds included in this formulation, at gastrointestinal pHs (2 and 7.4), showed for most of them a small initial release, followed by an increase at 1 h, with a constant release up to 3 h. Chlorogenic acid presented the higher release values at 3 h (56.91% at pH 2; 44.45% at pH 7.4). DCQAs release at 3 h ranged between 9.01- 40.73%, being higher for 1,5- and 3,4-DCQAs. After gastrointestinal digestion, 67.65% of chlorogenic and most DCQAs remained encapsulated. Therefore, spray-drying microparticles can be proposed as a promising vehicle to increase the colon delivery of yarrow phenolics compounds (mainly chlorogenic acid and DCQAs) previously described as potential agents against colorectal cancer.
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Achillea , Proliferación Celular , Quitosano , Ácido Clorogénico , Neoplasias Colorrectales , Nanopartículas , Tamaño de la Partícula , Extractos Vegetales , Quitosano/química , Humanos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/química , Achillea/química , Ácido Clorogénico/farmacología , Ácido Clorogénico/administración & dosificación , Ácido Clorogénico/química , Nanopartículas/química , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Ácido Quínico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Quínico/farmacología , Ácido Quínico/química , Ácido Quínico/administración & dosificación , Liberación de Fármacos , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/metabolismo , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Peso MolecularRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To explore the experiences of utilising distal-extremity cryotherapy in reducing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy during Paclitaxel treatment on physical functioning, clinical and patient-reported outcomes, compared to standard care in people affected by breast cancer. METHODS: Four databases and one register were searched on 11 April 2023 to identify all relevant studies meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These were CINAHL (via EBSCOhost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline (via EBSCOhost), Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection, with no limiters placed on any of the searches. Additionally, relevant systematic reviews were scrutinised for potentially relevant studies for screening. RESULTS: Distal-extremity cryotherapy is a safe intervention with minimal risk for serious adverse events. However, insufficient data supports the mainstay clinical use of cryotherapy in reducing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy from Paclitaxel use within the breast cancer population. Heterogeneity in study design, cryotherapy mode, and measurement tools underscore the need for additional research. CONCLUSION: Despite limited data on the impact of distal-extremity cryotherapy in preventing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, there are valuable implications for nursing practice arising from this review. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses play a vital role in the clinical and experiential journey of people with breast cancer, it is important that they understand the available evidence and act as patient advocates. Assisting patients in understanding current research and encouraging participation in future studies, thereby enhancing our knowledge, and strengthening the available evidence base.
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Neoplasias de la Mama , Crioterapia , Paclitaxel , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico , Humanos , Paclitaxel/efectos adversos , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/prevención & control , Crioterapia/métodos , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Multidrug resistance, severe side effects, and high cancer treatment costs are still well-known issues and remain an open challenge. These factors reduce the therapy's efficiency and safety, seriously affecting human health. Developing therapeutic approaches based on plant extracts, especially based on essential oils with cytotoxic and antioxidant properties, could be of efficacious strategies. This work incorporated Thymus capitatus essential oil (TEO) in liposomes. Thymus capitatus is a plant native to the northern region of Albania and found specifically in the Mediterranean region. TEO has several biological activities and cytotoxic properties. Due to its volatility, poor solubility, and chemical instability, however, its applicability is restricted. Incorporation into liposomes enables its effective use because the exposure time to the active compounds can be extended, increasing its efficacy against colorectal cancer cell lines, as highlighted in in vitro studies. TEO demonstrated detectable cytotoxic action against HT-29 colorectal cancer cells, and this action could be enhanced by applying various formulations of TEO-loaded liposomes to this cell line. Among the tested nanosystems, TEO-Phospholipon 90H liposomes showed more significant cytotoxic effects than TEO-Lipoid S100 liposomes and TEO-Phospholipon 85G liposomes. TEO-Phospholipon 90 H liposomes also maintained its physicochemical stability for six months at 25 °C. This research suggests that TEO, particularly when encapsulated in TEO-Phospholipon 90 H liposomes, may offer a promising therapeutic approach. However, these findings are based on in vitro studies and further in vivo research is needed to validate the efficacy and safety of this approach in clinical settings.
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Supervivencia Celular , Liposomas , Aceites Volátiles , Thymus (Planta) , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/química , Humanos , Células HT29 , Thymus (Planta)/química , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Camptothecin, a natural alkaloid, was first isolated from the bark and stem of the Camptotheca acuminate tree in China. It, along with its analogs, has demonstrated potent anti-cancer activity in preclinical studies, particularly against solid tumors such as lung, breast, ovarian, and colon cancer. Despite its promising anti-cancer activity, the application of camptothecin is limited due to its poor solubility, toxicity, and limited biodistribution. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have been used to overcome limited bioavailability and ensure greater biodistribution after administration. Additionally, various drug delivery systems, particularly polymeric micelles, have been investigated to enhance the solubility, stability, and efficacy of camptothecin. Polymeric micelles offer a promising approach for the delivery of camptothecin. Polymeric micelles possess a core-shell structure, with a typical hydrophobic core, which exhibits a high capacity to incorporate hydrophobic drugs. The structure of polymeric micelles can be engineered to have a high drug loading capacity, thereby enabling them to carry a large amount of hydrophobic drug within their core. The shell portion of polymeric micelles is composed of hydrophilic polymers Furthermore, the hydrophilic segment of polymeric micelles plays an important role in protecting against the reticuloendothelial system (RES). This review provides a discussion on recent research and developments in the delivery of camptothecin using polymeric micelles for the treatment of cancers.