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INTRODUCTION: Improving survival is the objective of intensive care units. Various factors affect long-term outcomes. The objective was to explore survival and the associated factors 1 year after admission to the intensive care unit. METHOD: This is an observational, descriptive, and analytical study in a retrospective cohort of adults admitted to an intensive care unit at a regional hospital during the first semester of 2022. Records of 218 patients from an anonymized database were analyzed. RESULTS: The average age was 61 years, and the average APACHE II score was 15 points (24% expected mortality). Survival 1 year after admission was 57.8%. Factors associated with 1-year survival in the Cox regression model were age and APACHE II. The univariate analysis showed that the cancer was significantly associated with lethality after 1 year (OR 10.55; 95%CI 1.99-55.76). CONCLUSION: One-year survival after intensive care unit decreases by 16.1%. Factors that significantly reduced survival were old age, severity, and oncologic cause at admission.
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APACHE , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/estadística & datos numéricos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Adulto , Factores de Tiempo , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Edad , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Neoplasias/mortalidad , Brasil/epidemiología , Admisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
This article aims to examine the effects of weekend admission on in-hospital mortality for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Brazil. Information from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS) of urgently admitted patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between 2008 and 2018 was used, made available through the Hospital Admission Authorization (AIH). Multivariable logistic regression models, controlling for observable patient characteristics, hospital characteristics and year and hospital-fixed effects, were used. The results were consistent with the existence of the weekend effect. For the model adjusted with the inclusion of all controls, the chance of death observed for individuals hospitalized on the weekend is 14% higher. Our results indicated that there is probably an important variation in the quality of hospital care depending on the day the patient is hospitalized. Weekend admissions were associated with in-hospital AMI mortality in Brazil. Future research should analyze the possible channels behind the weekend effect to support public policies that can effectively make healthcare equitable.
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Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Hospitalización , Infarto del Miocardio , Brasil/epidemiología , Humanos , Infarto del Miocardio/mortalidad , Infarto del Miocardio/epidemiología , Masculino , Factores de Tiempo , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Calidad de la Atención de Salud , Programas Nacionales de Salud/organización & administración , Admisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Modelos Logísticos , Sistemas de Información en Hospital , Anciano de 80 o más AñosRESUMEN
IMPORTANCE AND OBJECTIVES: To compare the 18-month survival between patients with newly diagnosed cancer discharged home after early unplanned ICU admission and those without early unplanned ICU admission; we also evaluated the frequency and risk factors for early unplanned ICU admission. DESIGN: Observational study with prospectively collected data from September 2019 to June 2021 and 18 months follow-up. SETTING: Single dedicated cancer center in São Paulo, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: We screened consecutive adults with suspected cancer and included those with histologically proven cancer from among 20 highly prevalent cancers. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The exposure was early unplanned ICU admission, defined as admission for medical reasons or urgent surgery during the first 6 months after cancer diagnosis. The main outcome was 18-month survival after cancer diagnosis, and the main analysis was Cox's proportional hazards model adjusted for confounders and immortal time bias. Propensity score matching was used in the sensitivity analysis. We screened 4738 consecutive adults with suspected cancer and included 3348 patients. Three hundred twelve (9.3%) had early unplanned ICU admission, which was associated with decreased 18-month survival both in the unadjusted (hazard ratio, 4.03; 95% CI, 2.89-5.62) and adjusted (hazard ratio, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.29-2.64) models. The sensitivity analysis confirmed the results because the groups were balanced after matching, and the 18-month survival of patients with early ICU admission was lower compared with patients without early ICU admission (87.0% vs. 93.9%; p = 0.01 log-rank test). Risk factors for early unplanned ICU admission were advanced age, comorbidities, worse performance status, socioeconomic deprivation, metastatic tumors, and hematologic malignancies. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with newly diagnosed cancer discharged home after early unplanned ICU admission have decreased 18-month survival compared with patients without early unplanned ICU admission.
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Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Neoplasias , Alta del Paciente , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Prospectivos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/estadística & datos numéricos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/mortalidad , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/terapia , Alta del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Brasil/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Admisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Análisis de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To describe the historical series of admissions to the Intensive Care Unit of older adults with femoral fractures, and verify the association between age and injury characteristics and treatment, nursing workload, severity, and clinical evolution in the unit. METHOD: Retrospective cohort of 295 older adults (age ≥60 years) admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in São Paulo, between 2013 and 2019, and who presented with a femur fracture as the main cause of hospitalization. Variables regarding demographic characteristics, cause, and type of fracture, treatment provided, severity, nursing workload, and medical outcome of patients were analyzed. The Shapiro-Wilk, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests and Pearson correlation were applied. RESULTS: There was an increase in older adults admission to the Intensive Care Unit from 2017 on. Female patients with distal femur fractures who died in the Intensive Care Unit had significantly (p < 0.05) higher median age than men, patients with shaft or proximal femur fractures, and survivors. CONCLUSION: The study findings highlight essential information for structuring care for older adults with femoral fractures who require intensive care.
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Fracturas del Fémur , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Femenino , Masculino , Anciano , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/estadística & datos numéricos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios de Cohortes , Factores de Edad , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Brasil/epidemiología , Factores Sexuales , Admisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) contributes to a high burden of hospitalization, and its form of presentation is associated with disease prognosis. OBJECTIVES: To describe the association of hemodynamic profile of acute HF patients at hospital admission, based on congestion (wet/dry) and perfusion (cold/warm), with mortality, hospital length of stay and risk of readmission. METHODS: Cohort study, with patients participating in the "Best Practice in Cardiology" program, admitted for acute HF in Brazilian public hospitals between March 2016 and December 2019, with a six-month follow-up. Characteristics of the population and hemodynamic profile at admission were analyzed, in addition to survival analysis using Cox proportional hazard model for associations between hemodynamic profile at admission and mortality, and logistic regression for the risk of rehospitalization, using a statistical significance level of 5%. RESULTS: A total of 1,978 patients were assessed, with mean age of 60.2 (±14.8) years and mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 39.8% (±17.3%). A high six-month mortality rate (22%) was observed, with an association of cold hemodynamic profiles with in-hospital mortality (HR=1.72, 95%CI 1.27-2.31; p < 0.001) and six-month mortality (HR= 1.61, 95%CI 1.29-2.02). Six-month rehospitalization rate was 22%, and higher among patients with wet profiles (OR 2.30; 95%CI 1.45-3.65; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Acute HF is associated with high mortality and rehospitalization rates. Patient hemodynamic profile at admission is a good prognostic marker of this condition.
FUNDAMENTO: A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é responsável por alta carga de internações hospitalares. A sua forma de apresentação está relacionada ao prognóstico da doença. OBJETIVOS: Descrever a associação entre o perfil hemodinâmico de admissão hospitalar na IC aguda, baseado em congestão (úmido ou seco) e perfusão (frio ou quente), e desfechos de mortalidade, tempo de internação e chance de reinternação. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte, envolvendo pacientes do projeto "Boas Práticas Clínicas em Cardiologia", internados por IC aguda em hospitais públicos brasileiros, entre março de 2016 a dezembro de 2019, com seguimento de seis meses. Foram realizadas análises das características populacionais e do perfil hemodinâmico de admissão, além de análises de sobrevivência pelos modelos de Cox para associação entre o perfil de admissão e mortalidade, e regressão logística para chance de reinternação, considerando nível de significância estatística de 5%. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 1978 pacientes, com idade média foi 60,2 (±14,8) anos e fração de ejeção média do ventrículo esquerdo de 39,8% (±17,3%). Houve altas taxas de mortalidade no seguimento de seis meses (22%), com associação entre os perfis hemodinâmicos frios e a mortalidade hospitalar (HR=1,72; IC95% 1,27-2,31; p < 0,001) e em 6 meses (HR= 1,61, IC 95% 1,29-2,02). A taxa de reinternação em 6 meses foi de 22%, sendo maior para os pacientes admitidos em perfis úmidos (OR 2,30; IC95% 1,45-3,65; p < 0,001). CONCLUSÕES: A IC aguda no Brasil apresenta altas taxas de mortalidade e reinternações e os perfis hemodinâmicos de admissão hospitalar são bons marcadores prognósticos dessa evolução.
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Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Hemodinámica , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Readmisión del Paciente , Humanos , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/mortalidad , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/terapia , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Brasil/epidemiología , Hemodinámica/fisiología , Anciano , Enfermedad Aguda , Readmisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Tiempo de Internación/estadística & datos numéricos , Pronóstico , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios de Cohortes , Admisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
Objective: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal death globally. Therefore, prevention strategies have been created. The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of PPH and its risk factors after implementing a risk stratification at admission in a teaching hospital. Methods: A retrospective cohort involving a database of SISMATER® electronic medical record. Classification in low, medium, or high risk for PPH was performed through data filled out by the obstetrician-assistant. PPH frequency was calculated, compared among these groups and associated with the risk factors. Results: The prevalence of PPH was 6.8%, 131 among 1,936 women. Sixty-eight (51.9%) of them occurred in the high-risk group, 30 (22.9%) in the medium-risk and 33 (25.2%) in the low-risk group. The adjusted-odds ratio (OR) for PPH were analyzed using a confidence interval (95% CI) and was significantly higher in who presented multiple pregnancy (OR 2.88, 95% CI 1.28 to 6.49), active bleeding on admission (OR 6.12, 95% CI 1.20 to 4.65), non-cephalic presentation (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.20 to 4.65), retained placenta (OR 9.39, 95% CI 2.90 to 30.46) and placental abruption (OR 6.95, 95% CI 2.06 to 23.48). Vaginal delivery figured out as a protective factor (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.98). Conclusion: Prediction of PPH is still a challenge since its unpredictable factor arrangements. The fact that the analysis did not demonstrate a relationship between risk category and frequency of PPH could be attributable to the efficacy of the strategy: Women classified as "high-risk" received adequate medical care, consequently.
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Registros Electrónicos de Salud , Hemorragia Posparto , Humanos , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Hemorragia Posparto/epidemiología , Hemorragia Posparto/etiología , Adulto , Factores de Riesgo , Embarazo , Adulto Joven , Admisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Prevalencia , Medición de Riesgo , Estudios de CohortesRESUMEN
This is a cost analysis study based on hospital admissions, conducted from the perspective of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), carried out in a cohort of patients hospitalized at the University Hospital of Brasília (UHB) due to Severe Acute Respiratory Infections (SARI) caused by COVID-19, from April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2022. An approach based on macro-costing was used, considering the costs per patient identified in the Hospital Admission Authorizations (HAA). Were identified 1,015 HAA from 622 patients. The total cost of hospitalizations was R$ 2,875,867.18 for 2020 and 2021. Of this total, 86.41 % referred to hospital services and 13.59 % to professional services. The highest median cost per patient identified was for May 2020 (R$ 19,677.81 IQR [3,334.81-33,041.43]), while the lowest was in January 2021 (R$ 1,698.50 IQR [1,602.70-2,224.11]). The high cost of treating patients with COVID-19 resulted in a high economic burden of SARI due to COVID-19 for UHB and, consequently, for SUS.
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COVID-19 , Hospitalización , Humanos , COVID-19/economía , COVID-19/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Hospitalización/economía , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , SARS-CoV-2 , Anciano , Costos de Hospital/estadística & datos numéricos , Admisión del Paciente/economía , Admisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Herein, we conducted a review of the literature to better understand the issue of prolonged emergency department (ED) boarding by providing an overview of the current evidence on the available causes, consequences, and mitigation strategies. RECENT FINDINGS: Severely ill patients awaiting transfer to intensive care units (ICU) imposes additional burdens on the emergency care team from both a clinical and management perspective. The reasons for prolonged ED boarding are multifactorial. ED boarding compromises patients' safety and outcomes, and is associated with increased team burnout and dissatisfaction. Mitigation strategies include the optimization of patients' flow, the establishment of resuscitative care units, deployment of mobile critical care teams, and improvements in training. Staffing adjustments, changes in hospital operations, and quality improvement initiatives are required to improve this situation, while active bed management and implementation of capacity command centers may also help. SUMMARY: Considering the characteristics of healthcare systems, such as funding mechanisms, organizational structures, delivery models, access and quality of care, the challenge of ED boarding of critically ill patients requires a nuanced and adaptable approach. Solutions are complex but must involve the entirety of the hospital system, emergency department, staff adjustment, and education.
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Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital , Transferencia de Pacientes , Humanos , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital/organización & administración , Transferencia de Pacientes/organización & administración , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/organización & administración , Aglomeración , Enfermedad Crítica/terapia , Tiempo de Internación/estadística & datos numéricos , Mejoramiento de la Calidad , Admisión del Paciente , Grupo de Atención al Paciente/organización & administración , Cuidados Críticos/organización & administraciónRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To define major congenital anomaly (CA) subgroups and assess outcome variability based on defined subgroups. STUDY DESIGN: This population-based cohort study used registries in Denmark for children born with a major CA between January 1997 and December 2016, with follow-up until December 2018. We performed a latent class analysis (LCA) using child and family clinical and sociodemographic characteristics present at birth, incorporating additional variables occurring until age of 24 months. Cox proportional hazards regression models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of pediatric mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions for identified LCA classes. RESULTS: The study included 27 192 children born with a major CA. Twelve variables led to a 4-class solution (entropy = 0.74): (1) children born with higher income and fewer comorbidities (55.4%), (2) children born to young mothers with lower income (24.8%), (3) children born prematurely (10.0%), and (4) children with multiorgan involvement and developmental disability (9.8%). Compared with those in Class 1, mortality and ICU admissions were highest in Class 4 (HR = 8.9, 95% CI = 6.4-12.6 and HR = 4.1, 95% CI = 3.6-4.7, respectively). More modest increases were observed among the other classes for mortality and ICU admissions (Class 2: HR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.1-2.5 and HR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1-1.4, respectively; Class 3: HR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.5-4.2 and HR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3-1.9, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Children with a major CA can be categorized into meaningful subgroups with good discriminative ability. These groupings may be useful for risk-stratification in outcome studies.
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Anomalías Congénitas , Análisis de Clases Latentes , Sistema de Registros , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Lactante , Dinamarca/epidemiología , Recién Nacido , Anomalías Congénitas/mortalidad , Preescolar , Estudios de Cohortes , Admisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Pediátrico/estadística & datos numéricos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/estadística & datos numéricos , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Mortalidad del Niño , Modelos de Riesgos ProporcionalesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: To evaluate fluid balance, biomarkers of renal function and its relation to mortality in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) diagnosed before, or within 24 h of intensive care unit admission. METHODS: A prospective cohort study considered 773 critically ill patients observed over six years. Pre-intensive care unit-onset AKI was defined as AKI diagnosed before, or within 24 h of intensive care unit admission. Body weight-adjusted fluid balance and fluid balance-adjusted biomarkers of renal function were measured daily for the first three days of intensive care unit admission. Primary outcome was mortality in the intensive care unit. RESULTS: Prevalence of pre-intensive care unit-onset AKI was 55.1%, of which 55.6% of cases were hospital-acquired and 44.4% were community-acquired. Fluid balance was higher in AKI patients than in non-AKI patients (p < 0.001) and had a negative correlation with urine output (p < 0.01). Positive fluid balance and biomarkers of renal function were independently related to mortality. Multivariate analysis identified the following AKI-related variables associated with increased mortality: (1) In AKI patients: type 1 cardiorenal syndrome (OR 2.00), intra-abdominal hypertension (OR 1.71), AKI stage 3 (OR 2.15) and increase in AKI stage (OR 4.99); 2) In patients with community-acquired AKI: type 1 cardiorenal syndrome (OR 5.16), AKI stage 2 (OR 2.72), AKI stage 3 (OR 4.95) and renal replacement therapy (OR 3.05); and 3) In patients with hospital-acquired AKI: intra-abdominal hypertension (OR 2.31) and increase in AKI stage (OR 4.51). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with pre-intensive care unit-onset AKI, positive fluid balance is associated with worse renal outcomes. Positive fluid balance and decline in biomarkers of renal function are related to increased mortality, thus in this subpopulation of critically ill patients, positive fluid balance is not recommended and renal function must be closely monitored.
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Lesión Renal Aguda , Biomarcadores , Enfermedad Crítica , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Equilibrio Hidroelectrolítico , Humanos , Lesión Renal Aguda/mortalidad , Lesión Renal Aguda/diagnóstico , Lesión Renal Aguda/fisiopatología , Lesión Renal Aguda/terapia , Estudios Prospectivos , Masculino , Femenino , Biomarcadores/sangre , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores de Tiempo , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Riñón/fisiopatología , Admisión del Paciente , Factores de Riesgo , Anciano de 80 o más AñosRESUMEN
OBJETIVO: avaliar a contribuição da pandemia por COVID-19 sobre os tempos de atendimento e desfechos clínicos de admissões relacionadas à Síndrome Coronariana Aguda. MÉTODO: Coorte retrospectiva. Os dados foram analisados pelo SPSS, versão 20.0, empregados em testes paramétricos e não paramétricos para comparar os grupos. Aplicado o Modelo linear generalizado para análise multivariada. RESULTADOS: Incluídos 434 pacientes no período pré-pandemia e 430 durante a pandemia. Delta-t foi maior no período durante a pandemia (p=0,003). Não encontramos diferença nos tempos de atendimento e mortalidade. Admissão no período da pandemia (RR1,56; IC95%:1,30-1,87) e ter diagnóstico de cardiopatia isquêmica prévio (RR1,82; IC95%:1,50-2,20) foram associados ao aumento do Delta-t. CONCLUSÃO: Não houve diferença no número de pacientes que acessou a emergência por Síndrome Coronariana Aguda nos períodos analisados. Apesar do Delta-t ter sido maior durante a pandemia, não foram observados piores desfechos clínicos.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on response times and clinical outcomes of acute coronary syndrome admissions. METHOD: Retrospective cohort study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 with parametric and non-parametric tests for group comparisons. Generalized linear modeling was used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 434 patients were included in the pre-pandemic period and 430 during the pandemic. Delta-t was higher during the pandemic period (p=0.003). There were no differences in response times and mortality. Admission during the pandemic period (RR 1.56; 95% CI: 1.30-1.87) and a previous diagnosis of ischemic heart disease (RR 1.82; 95% CI: 1.50-2.20) were associated with increased delta-t. CONCLUSIONS: There was no difference in the number of patients presenting to the emergency department with acute coronary syndrome during the periods analyzed. Despite longer Delta-t during the pandemic, no worse clinical outcomes were observed.
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Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital , Síndrome Coronario Agudo , COVID-19 , Admisión del Paciente , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios de Cohortes , Hospitales UniversitariosRESUMEN
Since the first case of COVID-19, Brazil has undergone infection waves with distinct characteristics. The description of new variants has alerted the emergence of more contagious or virulent viruses. The variant of concern Gamma emerged in Brazil and caused an epidemic wave, but its spread outside the country was limited. We report the clinical-epidemiological profile of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 by comparing two periods. A retrospective cohort study was performed. The primary outcome was to assess individuals with COVID-19 admitted in wards and intensive care units at the academic hospital of the Federal University of Parana (CHC-UFPR) between March 2020 and July 2021, correlating demographic, clinical-epidemiologic, and survival data with the most prevalent viral variant found in each period. We used Kaplan-Meier analysis to estimate the probability of survival and ROC curves to evaluate laboratory tests to find a cutoff point for poor outcomes. Data from 2,887 individuals were analyzed, 1,495 and 1,392 from the first and second periods, respectively. Hospitalization predominated among males in both periods, and the median age was significantly lower in the second one. The frequency of comorbidities was similar. Various demographic factors, clinical assessments, and laboratory tests were examined in relation to greater severity. When comparing the two periods, we observed predominance of the Wild virus during the first wave and the Gamma variant during the second, with no significant difference in outcomes. The findings suggest that despite the association of many factors with increased severity, the temporal variation between the two periods did not result in a notable divergence in the measured outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic has lasted for a long time, with periods marked by peaks of cases, often caused by the emergence of viral variants, resulting in higher infection rates and rapid dissemination but, for variant Gamma, no apparent greater virulence.
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COVID-19 , Admisión del Paciente , Humanos , Masculino , Brasil/epidemiología , COVID-19/epidemiología , Pandemias , Estudios Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2 , Centros de Atención Terciaria , FemeninoRESUMEN
Objetivo: Analisar a demanda de enfermagem nos cuidados de pacientes em pós-operatório imediato, desde sua recepção do centro cirúrgico até sua acomodação ao leito na unidade de internação. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo e analítico. A população foi constituída por pacientes adultos, egressos do centro cirúrgico. A amostra foi calculada considerando-se que o serviço realiza uma média de 118 cirurgias ao mês. Considerando que a amostra mínima seria de 91 pacientes com um intervalo de confiança de 95%, optou-se por trabalhar com amostra de 100 pacientes. Os dados foram coletados no momento em que os pacientes eram recebidos da SRPA. Resultados: Os grupos cirúrgicos Angiologia, Coloproctologia, Otorrinolaringologia e Urologia demandaram no máximo dois profissionais de enfermagem. Os grupos de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Cirurgia Plástica, Nefrologia e Ortopedia demandaram pelo menos dois profissionais. O grupo da Coloproctologia teve maior média de tempo de acomodação ao leito. Cerca de 15% dos pacientes demandaram oxigenoterapia, quase 50% receberam analgésicos e 34% estavam usando cateter vesical de demora. Conclusão: O tempo destinado à acomodação dos pacientes variou de 5 a 30 minutos, com média de 15,19 ± 4,7. Não há indícios de que mais ou menos profissionais atuando juntos alterem o tempo de acomodação do paciente. Descritores: Admissão do paciente; Transferência do paciente; Cuidados de enfermagem; Enfermagem perioperatória.
Objective: To analyze the nursing demand in the care of patients in the immediate postoperative period, from their admission to the surgical center to their accommodation in bed in the admission unit. Methods: Prospective and analytical study. The population consisted of adult patients, discharged from the surgical center. The sample was calculated considering that the service performs an average of 118 surgeries per month. Considering that the minimum sample would be 91 patients at a 95% confidence interval, we chose to work with a sample of 100 patients. Data were collected at the time patients were received from the PACU. Results: The Angiology, Coloproctology, Otorhinolaryngology and Urology surgical groups required a maximum of two nursing professionals. The Head and Neck Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Nephrology and Orthopedics groups required at least two professionals. The Coloproctology group had a higher average time of accommodation in bed. About 15% of the patients required oxygen therapy, almost 50% received analgesics and 34% were using an indwelling urinary catheter. Conclusion: The time allocated to the accommodation of patients ranged from 5 to 30 minutes, with an average of 15.19 ± 4.7. There are no indications that a greater or lesser number of professionals acting together alter the accommodation time of the patient. Descriptors: Patient admission; Patient transfer; Nursing care; Perioperative nursing.
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Admisión del Paciente , Enfermería Perioperatoria , Pase de Guardia , Atención de EnfermeríaRESUMEN
Introdução: a tecnologia assistencial visa melhorar a qualidade da assistência de enfermagem aos pacientes admitidos em unidades de terapia intensivas oncológicas. Objetivo: desenvolver uma ficha de admissão de enfermagem para pacientes de unidade de terapia intensiva oncológica. Materiais e método: estudo metodológico realizado em três etapas: 1ª) revisão integrativa da literatura para compor o conteúdo da ficha de investigação; 2a) validação de conteúdo, que contou com a participação e o julgamento de 15 especialistas (enfermeiros) por meio do método de validação de concordância de Pasquali; 3a) apresentação da versão final da ficha. Resultados: na revisão, 20 artigos foram incluídos; a partir da síntese temática, foi estruturada a primeira versão da ficha; da validação de conteúdo, participaram 15 especialistas e, após o preenchimento do instrumento, verificou-se que todos os itens obtiveram índice de validação de conteúdo ≥ 0,85; com base nas sugestões, a ficha de admissão foi organizada a partir dos blocos de itens: identificação, breve histórico, condições de admissão e exame físico, com um total de quatro itens. Conclusões: a ficha de investigação de enfermagem para pacientes admitidos em unidades de terapias intensivas oncológicas está adequada para ser aplicada pela equipe de enfermagem no momento da admissão do paciente, o que possibilita o registro de dados para subsidiar o planejamento e a sistematização da assistência no contexto da unidade de terapia intensiva oncológica.
Introducción: la tecnología asistencial pretende mejorar la calidad de los cuidados de enfermería a los pacientes ingresados en unidades de cuidados intensivos oncológicos. Objetivo: desarrollar un formulario de admisión de enfermería para pacientes ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos oncológicos. Materiales y método: estudio metodológico realizado en tres etapas: 1ª) revisión bibliográfica integradora para componer el contenido del formulario de investigación; 2ª) validación del contenido, que contó con la participación y el juicio de 15 especialistas (enfermeros) mediante el método de validación por acuerdo de Pasquali; 3ª) presentación de la versión final del formulario. Resultados: se incluyeron 20 artículos en la revisión; a partir de la síntesis temática, se estructuró la primera versión del formulario; 15 especialistas participaron en la validación de contenido y, tras completar el instrumento, se constató que todos los ítems tenían un índice de validación de contenido ≥ 0,85; con base en las sugerencias, el formulario de admisión se organizó en bloques de ítems: identificación, historia breve, condiciones de admisión y examen físico, con un total de cuatro ítems. Conclusiones: el formulario de investigación de enfermería para pacientes ingresados en unidades de cuidados intensivos oncológicos es adecuado para ser utilizado por el equipo de enfermería en el momento del ingreso de los pacientes, permitiendo registrar datos que apoyen la planificación y sistematización de los cuidados en el contexto de la unidad de cuidados intensivos oncológicos.
Introduction: Assistive technology is aimed at improving the quality of nursing care for patients admitted to oncology intensive care units (ICUs). Objective: To develop a nursing admission form for patients admitted to an oncology intensive care unit. Materials and methods: This is a methodological study conducted in three stages: 1) an integrative literature review to compose the content of the research form, 2) content validation, which included the participation and approval of 15 specialists (nurses) using Pasquali's concordance validation method, and 3) presentation of the final version of the form. Results: A total of 20 articles were included in the review; the first version of the form was structured based on the thematic synthesis; 15 specialists participated in content validation and, after completion of the instrument, it was found that all the items had a content validation index ≥ 0.85; based on the suggestions, the admission form was organized into blocks of items: identification, brief history, admission conditions, and physical examination, with a total of four items. Conclusions: The nursing survey form for patients admitted to oncology ICUs is suitable for use by the nursing team at the time of patient admission, enabling data recording to support the planning and systematization of care in the oncology ICU setting.
Asunto(s)
Admisión del Paciente , Enfermería , Estudio de Validación , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , NeoplasiasRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The pathological status of obesity can influence COVID-19 from its initial clinical presentation, therefore, the identification of clinical and laboratory parameters most affected in the presence of obesity can contribute to improving the treatment of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To identify the clinical, laboratory, and tomographic characteristics associated with obesity and BMI at t hospital admission in adult patients with COVID-19. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional observational study with a total of 315 participants with COVID-19 confirmed by rt-PCR. The participants were divided into non-Obese (n=203) and Obese (n=112). Physical examinations, laboratory tests, and computed tomography of the chest were performed during the first 2 days of hospitalization. RESULTS: Patients with obesity were younger, and they had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, higher frequency of alcoholism, fever, cough, and headache, higher ALT, LDH, and red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, and percentage of lymphocytes. Also, they presented a lower value of leukocyte count and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (RNL). The parameters positively correlated with BMI were alcoholism, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fever, cough, sore throat, number of symptoms, ALT in men, LDH, magnesium, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and percentage of lymphocytes. The parameters negatively correlated with the BMI were: age and RNL. CONCLUSION: Several parameters were associated with obesity at hospital admission, revealing better than expected results. However, these results should be interpreted with great caution, as there may be some influence of a phenomenon called the Obesity Paradox that can distort the severity and prognosis of the patient.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Admisión del Paciente , Tomografía , Biomarcadores , Índice de Masa Corporal , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico , COVID-19 , Obesidad , Estudios TransversalesRESUMEN
A rápida disseminação da pandemia comprometeu o acesso das pessoas acometidas por Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) na atenção terciária devido a pouca disponibilidade de leitos revertidos para os casos de COVID-19. Os serviços de saúde se reorganizaram para o atendimento dos pacientes com COVID-19 em relação ao AVC. Ocorreu também maior ocupação dos serviços essenciais para diagnóstico do AVC, como o setor de tomografia computadorizada em decorrência de auxílio diagnostico aos pacientes com COVID-19. Os objetivos foram comparar os efeitos da pandemia da COVID-19 nas admissões hospitalares dos pacientes com AVC no período pré-pandêmico e pandêmico e verificar a associação entre variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas dos pacientes admitidos com AVC durante o período pré-pandêmico e pandêmico. Trata-se de estudo comparativo realizado em hospital terciário e público, localizado em Salvador BA. Os dados foram de fontes secundárias, obtidos de consulta aos prontuários de pacientes com AVC internados no hospital no período pré-pandêmico e pandêmico, resultando em 1581 pacientes. Teve como variável dependente o período de atendimento à vítima de AVC (antes da pandemia e durante a pandemia) e como variáveis independentes: dados sociodemográficos (idade, sexo, raça/cor, cidade de moradia, estado civil) e clínicos da doença (comorbidades, passado de AVC, motivo da internação, diagnósticos médicos, tempo de internação na Unidade de AVC e em outras unidades do hospital, data do evento e turno em que foram reconhecidos sintomas, transporte utilizado, NIHSS da admissão, se fez trombólise venosa ou outro tipo de tratamento e desfecho final, tempo de chegada no hospital, tempo tomografia, tempo porta agulha). Os dados foram processados através do programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 21.0. Para análise foram utilizadas a estatística descritiva bem como foram aplicados os Teste T, teste de Qui-quadrado e Teste de Mann-Whitney, considerado nível de significância de 5%. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética sob o CAAE:55068121.4.0000.5028. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 64,6 ±14,3 anos e a amostra foi predominantemente de pretos e pardos. Houve redução estatisticamente significativa de solteiros admitidos pelo AVC na pandemia. Evidenciou-se que nos períodos analisados 81,5% dos casos foram de Acidente Vascular Cerebral Isquêmico, 17,2% de Acidente Vascular Cerebral Hemorrágico e 1,3% de Acidente Isquêmico Transitório. Resultado positivo para COVID-19 foi obtido em 2,3% dos testes realizados na admissão dos pacientes. Houve mais paciente com dislipidemia no período da pré- pandemia, redução do etilismo na pandemia e mais paciente com AVC prévio na pré-pandemia. Na pandemia, houve diferença estatística para redução do tempo de trombólise venosa, mas com redução da realização da trombólise venosa. Também aumentou os atendimentos pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU), dos 278 pacientes que realizaram a trombólise venosa, 71,6% chegaram ao hospital através do serviço móvel de urgência. Contudo, observou-se aumento no tempo de chegada ao hospital. Apesar da pandemia, os resultados demonstraram que o hospital referência para AVC forneceu atendimento comparável ao período anterior a pandemia. Provavelmente o treinamento adicional e reorganização do sistema de atendimento garantiu o cuidado necessário às pessoas acometidas por AVC.(AU)
The rapid spread of the pandemic compromised the access of people affected by a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) to tertiary care due to the limited availability of beds allocated for COVID-19 cases. Health services have reorganized to care for patients with COVID-19 in relation to stroke. There was also greater occupancy of essential services for stroke diagnosis, such as the computed tomography sector as a result of diagnostic assistance for patients with COVID-19. The objectives were to compare the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admissions of patients with stroke in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods and to verify the association between sociodemographic and clinical variables of patients admitted with stroke during the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. This is a comparative study carried out in a tertiary and public hospital, located in Salvador BA. The data were from secondary sources, obtained by consulting the medical records of stroke patients admitted to the hospital in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods, resulting in 1581 patients. The dependent variable was the period of care for the stroke victim (before the pandemic and during the pandemic) and the independent variables were: sociodemographic data (age, sex, race/color, city of residence, marital status) and clinical data of the disease (comorbidities , history of stroke, reason for hospitalization, medical diagnoses, length of stay in the Stroke Unit and other units of the hospital, date of the event and shift in which symptoms were recognized, transportation used, NIHSS at admission, whether venous thrombolysis was performed or other type of treatment and final outcome, arrival time at the hospital, CT scan time, needle door time). The data were processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.0. For analysis, descriptive statistics were used, as well as the T test, Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney test, considering a significance level of 5%. This study was approved by the ethics committee under CAAE: 55068121.4.0000.5028. The mean age of the patients was 64.6 ±14.3 years and the sample was predominantly black and mixed race. There was a statistically significant reduction in the number of single people admitted due to stroke during the pandemic. It was evident that in the periods analyzed, 81.5% of the cases were of Ischemic Stroke, 17.2% of Hemorrhagic Stroke and 1.3% of Transient Ischemic Accident. A positive result for COVID-19 was obtained in 2.3% of tests performed upon patient admission. There were more patients with dyslipidemia in the pre-pandemic period, a reduction in alcohol consumption in the pandemic and more patients with a previous stroke in the pre-pandemic period. During the pandemic, there was a statistical difference in reducing venous thrombolysis time, but with a reduction in venous thrombolysis. There was also an increase in visits through the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU), of the 278 patients who underwent venous thrombolysis, 71.6% arrived at the hospital through the mobile emergency service. However, an increase in the time taken to arrive at the hospital was observed. Despite the pandemic, the results demonstrated that the reference hospital for stroke provided care comparable to the period before the pandemic. The additional training and reorganization of the care system probably guaranteed the necessary care for people affected by stroke.(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiología , Cuidados Críticos , COVID-19/complicaciones , Admisión del Paciente , Estudio Comparativo , DislipidemiasRESUMEN
INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes com câncer em estágio avançado continuam a receber cuidados médicos cada vez mais agressivos perto da morte, apesar da crescente preocupação de que isso reflita uma má qualidade de cuidados. No entanto, existem poucos dados na literatura sobre os ônus das admissões na UTI de pacientes com câncer consideradas inapropriadas ou potencialmente inapropriadas. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar as características, uso de recursos e desfechos dos pacientes com câncer com admissão potencialmente inapropriada na UTI. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte retrospectiva de pacientes com câncer internados nas UTIs do Hospital A.C.Camargo Cancer Center entre janeiro de 2017 e dezembro de 2018. Os pacientes foram classificados como apropriados, potencialmente inapropriados ou inapropriados para admissão na UTI de acordo com as diretrizes da Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM). O desfecho principal foi o tempo de internação na UTI, tendo a morte como evento competitivo. Os desfechos secundários foram a mortalidade em um ano, na UTI e no hospital, o tempo de internação hospitalar e o uso de recursos durante a internação na UTI. Utilizamos modelos de regressão de Fine e Gray (risco competitivo) para o desfecho primário, e de regressão logística para análise da mortalidade em 1 ano. RESULTADOS: Dos 6.700 pacientes admitidos, 5803 (86,6%) foram classificados como apropriados, 683 (10,2%) como potencialmente inapropriados e 214 (3,2%) como inapropriados para admissão na UTI. Após a análise ajustada para fatores de confusão, os pacientes com admissões na UTI potencialmente inapropriadas e inapropriadas tiveram uma menor probabilidade de alta da UTI do que os pacientes com admissão apropriada (sHR 0,55; 95% CI 0,49 0,61 e sHR 0,65; 95% CI 0,53 0,81, respectivamente). Dentre os pacientes com internação apropriada, potencialmente inapropriada e inapropriada, a mortalidade na UTI foi 4,8%, 32,6% e 35,0%, e a mortalidade intra-hospitalar foi 12,2%, 71,6% e 81,3%, respectivamente (p < 0,01). As admissões potencialmente inapropriadas e inapropriadas também foram associadas a uma maior mortalidade em 1 ano (OR 6,39; 95% CI 5,607,29 e OR 11,12; 95% CI 8,33-14,83, respectivamente). O uso de suporte orgânico na UTI foi mais comum e mais prolongado nos pacientes com admissão potencialmente inapropriada. CONCLUSÕES: A inadequação da admissão na UTI de pacientes com câncer foi associada ao maior uso de recursos e à maior mortalidade a curto e longo prazo. Esses achados destacam a necessidade de se melhorar a utilização da UTI entre os pacientes com câncer em estágio avançado.
INTRODUCTION: Patients with advanced-stage cancer continue to receive increasingly aggressive medical care near death, including admission to intensive care unit (ICU) within the last month of life, despite growing concerns that this reflects poor quality care at end of life. However, there is a lack of data regarding the burden of inappropriate and potentially inappropriate ICU care among patients with cancer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the characteristics, resource use and outcomes of critically ill patients with cancer according to appropriateness of ICU admission. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of patients with cancer admitted to ICU in a dedicated cancer center in Brazil from January 2017 to December 2018. Patients were classified as appropriate, potentially inappropriate, or inappropriate for ICU admission according to the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) guidelines. The primary outcome was ICU length of stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes were one-year, ICU and hospital mortality, hospital LOS, utilization of ICU organ support, and decisions to forgo lifesustaining therapies during the ICU stay. We used logistic regression competing risk models accounting for relevant confounders for the primary outcome analyses, and a logistic regression model for one-year mortality analysis. RESULTS: From 6,700 admitted patients, 5,803 (86.6%) were classified as appropriate for ICU admission, 683 (10.2%) as potentially inappropriate and 214 (3.2%) as inappropriate for ICU admission. After adjusted analysis, potentially inappropriate and inappropriate ICU admissions had lower likelihood of being discharged from the ICU than patients with appropriate ICU admission (sHR 0.55, 95% CI 0.49 - 0.61 and sHR 0.65, 95% CI 0.53 - 0.81, respectively). Among patients considered to have had appropriate, potentially inappropriate, and inappropriate ICU admissions, ICU mortality was 4.8%, 32.6% and 35.0%, and in-hospital mortality was 12.2%, 71.6% and 81.3%, respectively (p < 0.01). Potentially inappropriate and inappropriate ICU admissions were also associated with higher 1-year mortality (OR 6.39, 95% CI 5.60-7.29 and OR 11.12, 95% CI 8.33-14.83, respectively). Use of organ support was more common and longer among patients with potentially inappropriate ICU admission. CONCLUSIONS: Inappropriateness for ICU admission among patients with cancer was associated with higher resource use in ICU and higher one year mortality among ICU survivors. These findings highlight the need to improve utilization of ICU services among patients with advanced-stage cancer
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Admisión del Paciente , Tiempo de Internación , NeoplasiasRESUMEN
Este artigo é um relato de experiência cujo objetivo é refletir sobre a atuação de uma psicóloga no contexto da urgência e emergência no hospital a partir da psicologia jungiana. Utilizou-se como método o recurso da sistematização da experiência, que consiste em sua interpretação crítica, cujo foco é o ordenamento e a reconstrução das experiências para explicitar a lógica do processo vivido. Por meio da reflexão de situações clínicas foi possível proporcionar um lugar para a subjetividade diante do disruptivo e da objetividade institucional do hospital. Teoricamente, o texto descreve as experiências de atendimento hospitalar, espaço em que urge o inesperado e o desconhecido. Aposta-se no simbolismo como movimento da psique para lidar com aquilo que o sujeito ainda não pode nomear, significar, incluindo a vulnerabilidade, as perdas e a questão da morte e do luto, este entendido como a ruptura de um vínculo. Dessa forma, a psicologia analítica se volta para como a entrada no hospital e a fugacidade do contexto de urgência e emergência afetam a psique dos sujeitos atendidos e de que forma esse psiquismo reage às vivências disruptivas e inesperadas.(AU)
This work is an experience report whose objective is to reflect on the role of a psychologist in the context of urgency and emergency in the hospital from the perspective of Jungian psychology. The resource of systematization of the experience was used as method, which consists of a critical interpretation, whose focus is the ordering and reconstruction of experiences to explain the logic of the process experienced. With the reflection of clinical situations, it was possible to provide a place for subjectivity in the face of the disruptive and the institutional objectivity of the hospital. Theoretically, the text describes the experience of entry in a hospital, a place in which the unexpected and the unknown are faced. We believe on symbolism as a movement of the psyche to deal with what the patient cannot yet name or give a meaning, including vulnerability, losses, and the issue of death and grief, this last one understood as the rupture of a link. Thus, analytical psychology will focus on how the entry in a hospital and the fleetingness of the emergency context affect the psyche of the patients and how this psyche reacts to the disruptive and unexpected experiences.(AU)
Este reporte de experiencia pretende reflejar sobre el papel de una psicóloga en el contexto de urgencia y emergencia en el hospital desde la perspectiva de la psicología junguiana. El método utilizado fue el recurso de sistematización de la experiencia, que consiste en una interpretación crítica, cuyo enfoque es el ordenamiento y reconstrucción de experiencias para explicar la lógica del proceso vivido. A partir del reflejo de situaciones clínicas se logró dar lugar a la subjetividad frente a la objetividad institucional del hospital. Teóricamente se describen las vivencias en la atención hospitalaria, un espacio donde se encuentra lo inesperado y lo desconocido. Se considera el simbolismo como un movimiento de la psique para lidiar con lo que el sujeto aún no puede nombrar, incluidas la vulnerabilidad, las pérdidas y el tema de la muerte y el dolor, este último comprendido como un quiebre del vínculo. De esta manera, la psicología analítica se centrará en cómo la admisión al hospital y la fugacidad del contexto de emergencia afectan la psique de los sujetos atendidos y cómo esta psique reacciona a estas experiencias disruptivas e inesperadas.(AU)