Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma , Gastrectomía , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad , Gastrectomía/mortalidad , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidad , Factores de Edad , Cirujanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios de Cohortes , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Femenino , AncianoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Robotic Radical Prostatectomy using the Da-Vinci Single-Port (SP) robot can provide comparable functional and oncological outcomes with potential advantages pertaining to peri-operative morbidity, especially in patients with an extensive history of prior abdominal surgeries (1, 2). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our case is a 74-year-old male with a history of diabetes, cardiac bypass, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, presenting with a PSA of 7.2. His MRI showed a PIRADS-5 lesion in the left apex and mid-gland peripheral zone, and he was diagnosed with unfavorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer after MRI guided fusion biopsy. His BMI was 31, and past surgical history was pertinent for two exploratory laparotomies due to gunshot wounds and a colostomy creation followed by reversal. The standardized steps of robotic radical prostatectomy were carried out using SP robotic platform performed by author SH (3, 4). RESULTS: Total operative time and estimated blood loss were 210 minutes and 150mL respectively. The patient was discharged on postoperative day one and final pathology showed adenocarcinoma of the prostate Gleason score 4+3=7, pT2NxR0 and negative surgical margins. The patient was continent four weeks after surgery and the PSA continues to be undetectable after three months. CONCLUSION: Transvesical Radical prostatectomy using the single port platform provides acceptable oncological and functional outcomes and quicker recovery given decreased risk of ileus and peritoneal irritation. Given that the abdominal cavity is not violated, the risk of bowel or vascular injury is mitigated, especially in patients with a hostile abdomen.
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Prostatectomía , Neoplasias de la Próstata , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados/métodos , Prostatectomía/métodos , Prostatectomía/efectos adversos , Anciano , Neoplasias de la Próstata/cirugía , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Tempo OperativoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: We present a novel technique to perform single-port (SP) robot-assisted partial cystectomy with excision of the urachal remnant and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection for urachal adenocarcinoma (1-7). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 41-year-old male presented to the clinic for multiple episodes of hematuria and mucousuria. Office cystoscopy revealed a small solitary tumor at the dome of the bladder, with a diagnostic bladder biopsy revealing a tubule-villous bladder adenoma. Cross-sectional imaging of the chest/abdomen/pelvis revealed a 4.5 cm cystic mass arising from the urachus without evidence of local invasion and metastatic spread. He underwent SP robotic-assisted partial cystectomy with excision of the urachal remnant and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection. Surgical steps include: 1) peritoneal incision to release the urachus and drop bladder 2) identification of urachal tumor 3) intraoperative live cystoscopic identification of bladder mass and scoring of tumor margins using Toggle Pro feature 4) tumor excision with partial cystectomy 5) cystorrhaphy 6) bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection 7) peritoneal interposition flap to mitigate lymphocele formation. RESULTS: Surgery was successful, with no intraoperative complications, an operative time of 100 minutes, and estimated blood loss of 20 mL. The patient was discharged on post-op day one, and the Foley catheter removed one week after surgery. Final pathology revealed a 7.5 cm infiltrating urachal muscle-invasive adenocarcinoma of the bladder (pT2b). Negative surgical margins were achieved. CONCLUSIONS: Single-port robot-assisted partial cystectomy for urachal adenocarcinoma is safe and can achieve equivalent oncologic outcomes to the standard of care with minimally invasive and open techniques.
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Adenocarcinoma , Cistectomía , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria , Humanos , Masculino , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados/métodos , Cistectomía/métodos , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/cirugía , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/patología , Adulto , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Tempo Operativo , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Vulnerable populations potentially have a worse prognosis for cancer. The present study aimed to identify individual and municipal characteristics of access to health, including education, use of health insurance, gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc), and urban aspects, which could impact the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer. METHODS: Data on urban concentration, administrative hierarchy, GDPpc, individual patient characteristics, and access to healthcare were collected from national and state public databases spanning between 2013 and 2022. The study included cities in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Independent variables such as GDPpc, urban concentration, municipal administrative hierarchy, health insurance status, education level, and individual cancer and patient characteristics were evaluated against the outcomes of overall survival (OS), likelihood of undergoing surgical treatment, and time-to-treatment initiation. RESULTS: A total of 9280 patients with esophageal cancer (85% squamous cell carcinoma and 15% adenocarcinoma) treated in 42 cities were included in the study. In univariate analysis, higher education (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.6; P < .001), female gender (HR = 0.85; P < .001), and having private health insurance (HR = 0.65; P < .001) were identified as protective factors for OS in esophageal cancer. After adjusting for other variables in multivariate analysis, higher education (HR = 0.77; P = .009), female gender (HR = 0.82; P < .001), and private insurance (HR = 0.65; P < .001) remained protective factors. GDPpc was not associated with OS. Urban concentration and hierarchy influenced the likelihood of receiving surgical treatment. Patients from high urban concentrations had shorter time-to-treatment initiation intervals. CONCLUSION: Populations at risk, particularly those with limited access to education and healthcare, face a worse prognosis for esophageal cancer.
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Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Disparidades en Atención de Salud , Seguro de Salud , Humanos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/terapia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Esofágicas/cirugía , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Disparidades en Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Seguro de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidad , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Brasil/epidemiología , Escolaridad , Tiempo de Tratamiento/estadística & datos numéricos , Producto Interno Bruto/estadística & datos numéricos , Pronóstico , Factores Sexuales , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidad , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirugía , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Gastric cancer is still the third cause of death worldwide due to malignant neoplasms. Its prognostic indices have not yet been well defined for surgical intervention in terms of stratifying the intensity of chronic inflammation. The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) and O-POSSUM and P-POSSUM Indices may constitute these standardizations and were tested to assess the association between them and the prognosis after curative gastrectomy. METHOD: Retrospective observational study, analysing medical records of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent gastrectomy, from 2015 to 2021, in two hospitals in Rio de Janeiro. Surgical extension, pre, peri and postoperative clinical and laboratory data were observed, up to 30 days after surgery. Patients were layered by GPS and compared according to the Clavien-Dindo (CD) classification. Logistic regression was performed to test the association between the outcome and independent variables. RESULTS: Of the 48 patients, 56.25% were female. There was difference between the groups regarding surgical extension and GPS (both with p<0.001), while O-POSSUM, P-POSSUM and age showed no difference. Factors associated with CD ≥ III-a complication in the univariate analysis were GPS (OR: 85,261; CI: 24,909- 291,831) and P-POSSUM (OR: 1,211; CI:1,044-1,404). In the multivariate analysis, the independent factors associated with CD ≥ III-a were GPS (OR:114,865; CI: 15,430-855,086), P-POSSUM (OR: 1,133; CI: 1,086-1,181) and O-POSSUM (OR: 2,238; CI: 1,790-2,797). CONCLUSION: In this model, GPS, P-POSSUM and O-POSSUM predicted serious surgical complications. There is a need for further studies to establish strategies to minimize the inflammatory response in the preoperative period.
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Adenocarcinoma , Gastrectomía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Pronóstico , Anciano , Medición de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Despite the preference for multimodal treatment for gastric cancer, abandonment of chemotherapy treatment as well as the need for upfront surgery in obstructed patients brings negative impacts on the treatment. The difficulty of accessing treatment in specialized centers in the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS) scenario is an aggravating factor. AIMS: To identify advantages, prognostic factors, complications, and neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies survival in gastric cancer treatment in SUS setting. METHODS: The retrospective study included 81 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent treatment according to INT0116 trial (adjuvant chemoradiotherapy), CLASSIC trial (adjuvant chemotherapy), FLOT4-AIO trial (perioperative chemotherapy), and surgery with curative intention (R0 resection and D2 lymphadenectomy) in a single cancer center between 2015 and 2020. Individuals with other histological types, gastric stump, esophageal cancer, other treatment protocols, and stage Ia or IV were excluded. RESULTS: Patients were grouped into FLOT4-AIO (26 patients), CLASSIC (25 patients), and INT0116 (30 patients). The average age was 61 years old. More than 60% of patients had pathological stage III. The treatment completion rate was 56%. The pathological complete response rate of the FLOT4-AIO group was 7.7%. Among the prognostic factors that impacted overall survival and disease-free survival were alcoholism, early postoperative complications, and anatomopathological status pN2 and pN3. The 3-year overall survival rate was 64.9%, with the CLASSIC subgroup having the best survival (79.8%). CONCLUSIONS: The treatment strategy for gastric cancer varies according to the need for initial surgery. The CLASSIC subgroup had better overall survival and disease-free survival. The INT0116 regimen also protected against mortality, but not with statistical significance. Although FLOT4-AIO is the preferred treatment, the difficulty in carrying out neoadjuvant treatment in SUS scenario had a negative impact on the results due to the criticality of food intake and worse treatment tolerance.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma , Quimioradioterapia Adyuvante , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas/terapia , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Femenino , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Estudios Retrospectivos , Brasil/epidemiología , Anciano , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Adulto , Pronóstico , Programas Nacionales de Salud , Gastrectomía , Terapia Neoadyuvante , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Atención PerioperativaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Predicting short- and long-term outcomes of oncological therapies is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies. Malnutrition and the host immune status significantly affect outcomes in major surgeries. AIMS: To assess the value of preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in predicting outcomes in gastric cancer patients. METHODS: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on patients undergoing curative-intent surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma between 2009 and 2020. PNI was calculated as follows: PNI=(10 x albumin [g/dL])+(0.005 x lymphocytes [nº/mm3]). The optimal cutoff value was determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve (PNI cutoff=52), and patients were grouped into low and high PNI. RESULTS: Of the 529 patients included, 315 (59.5%) were classified as a low-PNI group (PNI<52) and 214 (40.5%) as a high-PNI group (PNI≥52). Older age (p=0.050), male sex (p=0.003), American Society of Anesthesiologists score (ASA) III/IV (p=0.001), lower hemoglobin level (p<0.001), lower body mass index (p=0.001), higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (p<0.001), D1 lymphadenectomy, advanced pT stage, pN+ and more advanced pTNM stage were related to low-PNI patient. Furthermore, 30-day (1.4 vs. 4.8%; p=0.036) and 90-day (3.3 vs. 10.5%; p=0.002) mortality rates were higher in low-PNI compared to high-PNI group. Disease-free and overall survival were worse in low-PNI patients compared to high-PNI (p<0.001 for both). ASA III/IV score, low-PNI, pT3/T4, and pN+ were independent risk factors for worse survival. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative PNI can predict short- and long-term outcomes of patients with gastric cancer after curative gastrectomy. Low PNI is an independent factor related to worse disease-free and overall survival.
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Adenocarcinoma , Evaluación Nutricional , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Pronóstico , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidad , Adenocarcinoma/sangre , Periodo Preoperatorio , Estado Nutricional , Gastrectomía , Adulto , Curva ROCRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the intestinal and pancreatobiliary subtypes of ampullary adenocarcinoma in a large patient group due to limited data on survival and risk factors. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the clinical and pathological findings and the survival of 184 patients with ampullary adenocarcinoma who underwent curative operation between 2007 and 2018 was performed. RESULTS: Pancreatobiliary subtype had a higher prevalence of jaundice before operation than the intestinal subtype (p < 0.05). Pancreatobiliary subtype had a larger tumor size (> 2 mm) (p < 0.01) and poorer differentiation (p < 0.05) than the intestinal subtype. Perineural invasion more frequently occurred in pancreatobiliary subtype than the intestinal subtype (p < 0.01) and pancreatobiliary subtype had a higher prevalence of positive dissected lymph nodes (p < 0.05) with an advanced disease stage (p < 0.01) than the intestinal subtype. Patients of the pancreatobiliary subtype had poorer disease-free and overall survival than patients of the intestinal subtype. No survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy was found in either patients of the intestinal subtype or pancreatobiliary subtype. No significant difference was found in any subtypes regarding the recurrent regions. CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatobiliary subtype exhibited a higher recurrence rate and a poorer overall survival rate with more unfavorable pathological characteristics than the intestinal subtype.
OBJETIVOS: Los datos sobre la supervivencia y los factores de riesgo del adenocarcinoma ampular son limitados debido a su rareza. Este estudio buscó comparar el subtipo intestinal y el subtipo pancreático-biliar en pacientes con adenocarcinoma ampular. MÉTODOS: Análisis retrospectivo de hallazgos clínicos y patológicos y la supervivencia de 184 pacientes con adenocarcinoma ampular tratados entre 2007 y 2018. RESULTADOS: El subtipo pancreático-biliar tuvo una mayor prevalencia de ictericia antes de la operación y un tamaño de tumor mayor, y una peor diferenciación, que el subtipo intestinal. La invasión perineural fue más frecuente en el subtipo pancreático-biliar, con una mayor prevalencia de linfonodos disecados positivos y un estadio avanzado de la enfermedad. Los pacientes del subtipo pancreático-biliar tuvieron una supervivencia libre de enfermedad y una supervivencia general peores que los pacientes del subtipo intestinal. No se encontró ningún beneficio de la quimioterapia adyuvante en pacientes del subtipo intestinal o pancreático-biliar. No hubo diferencia significativa en las regiones recurrentes. CONCLUSIÓN: El subtipo pancreático-biliar mostró una tasa de recurrencia y una tasa de supervivencia general peores, con características patológicas más desfavorables que el subtipo intestinal.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma , Ampolla Hepatopancreática , Neoplasias del Conducto Colédoco , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Ampolla Hepatopancreática/patología , Masculino , Femenino , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidad , Adenocarcinoma/clasificación , Neoplasias del Conducto Colédoco/patología , Neoplasias del Conducto Colédoco/cirugía , Neoplasias del Conducto Colédoco/mortalidad , Neoplasias del Conducto Colédoco/clasificación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Adulto , Invasividad Neoplásica , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Metástasis Linfática , Carga Tumoral , Supervivencia sin EnfermedadRESUMEN
Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a potentially life-threatening surgical emergency. It is a rapidly progressive infection of soft tissues, and mortality is related to the degree of sepsis and the general condition of the patient. It is a rare condition that requires a rapid diagnosis and surgical treatment is aggressive debridement. There are a small number of reported cases of perforation of a rectal malignancy leading to NF of the thigh. We present a case with rectal cancer in which the sciatic foramen had provided a channel for the spread of pelvic infection into the thigh.
La fascitis necrotizante es una emergencia quirúrgica potencialmente mortal. Es una infección de tejidos blandos rápidamente progresiva y la mortalidad está relacionada con el grado de sepsis y el estado general del paciente. Es una condición poco común que requiere un diagnóstico rápido, y el tratamiento quirúrgico consiste en un desbridamiento agresivo. Existe un pequeño número de casos notificados de perforación de neoplasia maligna de recto que conduce a fascitis necrotizante del muslo. Presentamos un caso de cáncer de recto en el cual el foramen ciático fue el canal para la propagación de la infección pélvica al muslo.
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Fascitis Necrotizante , Perforación Intestinal , Neoplasias del Recto , Muslo , Humanos , Fascitis Necrotizante/etiología , Fascitis Necrotizante/cirugía , Neoplasias del Recto/cirugía , Neoplasias del Recto/complicaciones , Perforación Intestinal/etiología , Perforación Intestinal/cirugía , Masculino , Desbridamiento , Adenocarcinoma/complicaciones , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Nervio Ciático/lesiones , Infección Pélvica/etiologíaAsunto(s)
Neoplasias del Recto , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados , Cirugía Endoscópica Transanal , Humanos , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma in Situ/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma in Situ/patología , Neoplasias del Recto/cirugía , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados/métodos , Cirugía Endoscópica Transanal/métodos , Cirugía Endoscópica Transanal/instrumentaciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Duodenal adenocarcinoma is a small percentage of gastrointestinal neoplasms, around 0.5%, and its treatment is based on resection of the tumor, classically by pancreaticoduodenectomy. In recent years, however, segmental resections of duodenal lesions, that do not involve the second portion or the periampullary region, have gained relevance with good surgical and oncological outcomes as well as the benefit of avoiding surgeries that can result in high morbidity and mortality. AIMS: To report a case of an elderly female patient with malignant neoplastic lesion in the third and fourth duodenal portion, non-obstructive, submitted to surgical treatment. METHODS: The technical option was the resection of the distal duodenum and proximal jejunum with preservation of the pancreas and reconstruction with side-to-side duodenojejunal anastomosis. RESULTS: The evolution was satisfactory and the surgical margins were free of neoplasia. CONCLUSIONS: Segmental resections of the duodenum are feasible and safe, offering the benefit of preventing complications of pancreaticoduodenectomies.
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Adenocarcinoma , Duodeno , Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Duodeno/cirugía , Biopsia , Pancreaticoduodenectomía , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Anastomosis Quirúrgica , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: ⢠The ERCP even when done by experienced professionals, fails in 10% of cases. BACKGROUND: ⢠Until the development of the EUS-BD, PTBD had a role as a rescue therapy, despite a high rate of adverse events. BACKGROUND: ⢠The EUS-BD is safe and has similar efficacy, when compared to PTBD and should be performed immediately after ERCP failure. BACKGROUND: ⢠A doctor with skills in both methods (ERCP/EUS) is needed to determine the best EUS-guided therapeutic option.
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Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Médicos , Humanos , Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica , Endosonografía , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Adenocarcinoma/cirugíaRESUMEN
Introducción: Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma is a rare tumor of the gastrointestinal tract with double differentiation into adenomatous and neuroendocrine carcinoma, each component with at least 30%. Case report: A 60-year-old female with acute abdominal pain. Surgical treatment was decided, finding a tumor at the level of the cecum and ascending colon, a right hemicolectomy and ileostomy were performed. Discussion: Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma can appear in various organs. They are highly malignant tumors, with a high risk of metastasis. Conclusions: These tumors do not present symptoms or specific radiological or laboratory findings; diagnosis depends on postoperative histopathological and immunohistochemical studies.
Introducción: El carcinoma adenoneuroendocrino mixto es un tumor raro del tracto gastrointestinal con doble diferenciación en carcinoma adenomatoso y neuroendocrino, cada componente con al menos el 30%. Caso clínico: Mujer de 60 años con cuadro de dolor abdominal agudo. Se decide tratamiento quirúrgico, encontrando un tumor a nivel de ciego y colon ascendente, y se realizan hemicolectomía derecha e ileostomía. Discusión: El carcinoma adenoneuroendocrino mixto puede aparecer en diversos órganos. Son tumores muy malignos, con alto riesgo de metástasis. Conclusiones: Estos tumores no presentan síntomas ni hallazgos radiológicos o de laboratorio específicos; el diagnóstico depende de estudios histopatológicos e inmunohistoquímicos posoperatorios.
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Adenocarcinoma , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino , Colectomía , Neoplasias del Colon , Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/cirugía , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/patología , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/diagnóstico por imagen , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Neoplasias del Colon/cirugía , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Neoplasias del Ciego/patología , Neoplasias del Ciego/cirugía , Ileostomía , Abdomen Agudo/etiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Metastatic disease in the regional lymph nodes (LNs) is a strong indicator of worse outcomes among patients after curative-intent resection of ampullary cancer (AC). This study aimed to ascertain the threshold number of examined LNs (ELNs) for AC to compare the prognosis accuracy of various nodal classification schemes relative to long-term prognosis. METHODS: Patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for AC (2004-2019) were identified using the National Cancer Database. Locally weighted regression scatter plot smoothing (LOWESS) curves were used to ascertain the optimal cut point for ELNs. The accuracy of the American Joint Committee on Cancer N classification, LN ratio, and log odds transformation (LODDS) ratio to stratify patients relative to survival was examined. RESULTS: Among 8127 patients with AC, 67% were male with a median age of 67 years (IQR, 59-74). Tumors were most frequently classified as T3 (34.9%), followed by T2 (30.6%); T1 (12.9%) and T4 (17.6%) were less common. LN metastasis was identified in 4606 patients (56.7%). Among patients with nodal disease, 37.0% and 19.7% had N1 and N2 disease, respectively. The LOWESS curves identified an inflection cutoff point in the hazard of survival at 20 ELNs. The survival benefit of 20 ELNs was more pronounced among patients without LN metastasis vs patients with N1 disease (median overall survival [OS]: 54.1 months [IQR, 45.9-62.1] in ≥20 ELNs vs 39.0 months [IQR, 35.8-42.2] in <20 ELNs; P < .001) or N2 disease (median OS: 22.5 months [IQR, 18.9-26.2] in ≥20 ELNs vs 25.4 months [IQR, 23.3-27.6] in <20 ELNs; P < .001). When comparing the 4 different N classification schemes, the LODDS classification scheme yielded the highest predictive ability. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of a minimum of 20 LNs was needed to stratify patients with AC relative to the prognosis and to minimize stage migration. The LODDS nodal classification scheme had the highest prognostic accuracy to differentiate survival among patients after PD for AC.
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Adenocarcinoma , Ampolla Hepatopancreática , Neoplasias del Conducto Colédoco , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Femenino , Pronóstico , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático , Ampolla Hepatopancreática/cirugía , Ampolla Hepatopancreática/patología , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Metástasis Linfática/patología , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Neoplasias del Conducto Colédoco/cirugía , Neoplasias del Conducto Colédoco/patología , Ganglios Linfáticos/patologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Rectal cancer is an important cause of mortality and morbidity globally. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the log odds of positive nodes system is a better indicator than tumor node metastasis and lymph node ratio systems to determine rectum cancer prognosis, which is an important cause of mortality and morbidity globally. METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the medical records of patients with rectum adenocarcinoma followed at Gazi University Hospital. The clinicopathological data of 128 patients with rectum adenocarcinoma who underwent low anterior resection or abdominoperineal resection between January 2010 and December 2018 was retrospectively reviewed. Patients with rectum adenocarcinoma as the first and only primary diagnosis, which was confirmed by histopathological examination, than those who had undergone complete curative resection via low anterior resection or abdominoperineal resection were included. Those with familial adenomatous polyposis or Lynch syndrome, those under 18 years of age, with a synchronous tumor, peritoneal spread, or metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, and those with <12 lymph nodes dissected from the resection material were excluded from the study. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis, age, perineural invasion, tumor node metastasis stage, lymph node ratio stage, and log odds of positive nodes stage were found to be independent prognostic factors (p<0.05). LODDS2 patients' mortality rates were 9.495 times higher than LODDS0 patients [hazard ratio=9.495, (95%CI 4.155-21.694), p<0.001] while LNR2 stage patients' mortality rates were 7.016 times higher than LNR0 stage patients [hazard ratio=7.016, (95%CI 3.123-15.765), p<0.001] and N2 stage patients had a 5.135 times higher risk of mortality than those who were in N0 stage [hazard ratio=5.135 (95%CI 2.451-10.756), p<0.001]. CONCLUSION: Log odds of positive nodes is a more valuable prognostic factor for rectal cancer patients than tumor node metastasis and lymph node ratio systems to determine rectum cancer prognosis.
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Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias del Recto , Humanos , Adolescente , Estudios Retrospectivos , Pronóstico , Estudios Transversales , Neoplasias del Recto/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma/cirugíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: A significant proportion of locally-advanced esophago-gastric adenocarcinoma (EGA) is diagnosed in patients ≥70 years old (y.o.) who are commonly underrepresented in clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PubMed database was searched for phase 2/3 clinical trials enrolling patients ≥70 y.o and reporting efficacy/safety information of chemotherapy for resectable EGA. The main outcomes were overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). RESULTS: Among 6,128 records, only seven studies reported these outcomes (three peri-operative, three adjuvant, and one neoadjuvant), including 1004 older patients, <20% of the overall population. No significant benefit in terms of OS and RFS was observed for perioperative or adjuvant chemotherapy vs surgery alone. No trial reported safety endpoints in this subgroup. DISCUSSION: This work did not show any significant benefit in OS or RFS for chemotherapy vs surgery alone or conventional vs de-escalated chemotherapy in the curative setting of EGA in ≥70 y.o patients. Specific ad hoc trials should be performed to derive reliable data.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Anciano , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Terapia Neoadyuvante , Adenocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore the appropriate surgical procedure and clinical decision for appendiceal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: A total of 1,984 appendiceal adenocarcinoma patients from 2004 to 2015 were retrospectively identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. All patients were divided into three groups based on the extent of surgical resection: appendectomy (N = 335), partial colectomy (N = 390) and right hemicolectomy (N = 1,259). The clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of three groups were compared, and independent prognostic factors were assessed. RESULTS: The 5-year OS rates of patients who underwent appendectomy, partial colectomy and right hemicolectomy were 58.3%, 65.5% and 69.1%, respectively (right hemicolectomy vs appendectomy, P < 0.001; right hemicolectomy vs partial colectomy, P = 0.285; partial colectomy vs appendectomy, P = 0.045). The 5-year CSS rates of patients who underwent appendectomy, partial colectomy and right hemicolectomy were 73.2%, 77.0% and 78.7%, respectively (right hemicolectomy vs appendectomy, P = 0.046; right hemicolectomy vs partial colectomy, P = 0.545; partial colectomy vs appendectomy, P = 0.246). The subgroup analysis based on the pathological TNM stage indicated that there was no survival difference amongst three surgical procedures for stage I patients (5-year CSS rate: 90.8%, 93.9% and 98.1%, respectively). The prognosis of patients who underwent an appendectomy was poorer than that of those who underwent partial colectomy (5-year OS rate: 53.5% vs 67.1%, P = 0.005; 5-year CSS rate: 65.2% vs 78.7%, P = 0.003) or right hemicolectomy (5-year OS rate: 74.2% vs 53.23%, P < 0.001; 5-year CSS rate: 65.2% vs 82.5%, P < 0.001) for stage II disease. Right hemicolectomy did not show a survival advantage over partial colectomy for stage II (5-year CSS, P = 0.255) and stage III (5-year CSS, P = 0.846) appendiceal adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Right hemicolectomy may not always be necessary for appendiceal adenocarcinoma patients. An appendectomy could be sufficient for therapeutic effect of stage I patients, but limited for stage II patients. Right hemicolectomy was not superior to partial colectomy for advanced stage patients, suggesting omission of standard hemicolectomy might be feasible. However, adequate lymphadenectomy should be strongly recommended.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias del Apéndice , Humanos , Apendicectomía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Programa de VERF , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Neoplasias del Apéndice/cirugía , Neoplasias del Apéndice/patología , Colectomía/métodosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the association of survival with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). BACKGROUND: The early control of potential micrometastases and patient selection using NAC has been advocated for patients with PDAC. However, the role of NAC for resectable PDAC remains unclear. METHODS: Patients with clinical T1 and T2 PDAC were identified in the National Cancer Database from 2010 to 2017. Kaplan-Meier estimates, and Cox regression models were used to compare survival. To address immortal time bias, landmark analysis was performed. Interactions between preoperative factors and NAC were investigated in subgroup analyses. A propensity score analysis was performed to compare survival between multiagent NAC and upfront surgery. RESULTS: In total, 4041 patients were treated with upfront surgery and 1,175 patients were treated with NAC (79.4% multiagent NAC, 20.6% single-agent NAC). Using a landmark time of 6 months after diagnosis, patients treated with multiagent NAC had longer median overall survival compared with upfront surgery and single-agent NAC. (35.8 vs 27.1 vs 27.4 mo). Multiagent NAC was associated with lower mortality rates compared with upfront surgery (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.70-0.85), whereas single-agent NAC was not. The association of survival with multiagent NAC were consistent in analyses using the matched data sets. Interaction analysis revealed that the association between multiagent NAC and a lower mortality rate did not significantly differ across age, facility type, tumor location, CA 19-9 levels, and clinical T/N stages. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that multiagent NAC followed by resection is associated with improved survival compared with upfront surgery.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Humanos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirugía , Terapia Neoadyuvante , Adenocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Pancreatectomía , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Barrett's esophagus(BE)is a precursor to adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric transition. Thus, endoscopic surveillance is essential for the early diagnosis of dysplasia and neoplasm, allowing proper therapeutic. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, surveillance frequently failed. We present a case of a male, caucasian, 65 years old, patient with early adenocarcinoma in BE. Submitted an endoscopic resection, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic patient lost the follow-up endoscopic exams. Returned with a T3N1 adenocarcinoma esophagus in resection area. The present report illustrates the consequences of the failure in follow-up after submucosal resection in COVID-19 pandemic context.