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1.
Brain Inj ; 38(10): 787-795, 2024 Aug 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38676705

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: A bacterial brain abscess may damage surrounding brain tissue by mass effect, inflammatory processes, and bacterial toxins. The aim of this study was to examine cognitive and functional outcomes at 8 weeks and 1 year following acute treatment. METHODS: Prospective study of 20 patients with bacterial brain abscess (aged 17-73 years; 45% females) with neuropsychological assessment at 8 weeks and 1 year post-treatment. Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A) and Patient Competence Rating Scale (PCRS) were used to assess everyday functioning and administered to patients and informants. RESULTS: Cognitive impairment was found in 30% of patients at 8 weeks and 22% at 1 year. Significant improvements were seen on tests of perceptual reasoning, attention, verbal fluency, and motor abilities (p < 0.05). At 1 year, 45% had returned to full-time employment. Nevertheless, patients and their informants obtained scores within the normal range on measures of everyday functioning (PCRS and BRIEF-A) at 8 weeks and 1 year. No significant improvements on these measures emerged over time. CONCLUSION: Residual long-term cognitive impairment and diminished work ability affected 22% and 45% of patients one year after BA. Persistent cognitive impairment emphasizes the importance of prompt acute treatment and cognitive rehabilitation.


Asunto(s)
Actividades Cotidianas , Absceso Encefálico , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Recuperación de la Función , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Anciano , Recuperación de la Función/fisiología , Adolescente , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Adulto Joven , Estudios Prospectivos , Cognición/fisiología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Disfunción Cognitiva/etiología , Función Ejecutiva/fisiología , Trastornos del Conocimiento/etiología
2.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd ; 1632019 02 26.
Artículo en Holandés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30816656

RESUMEN

An 80-year-old woman attended the emergency department with sub-acute confusion and fever. On examination no focal signs were found. Cerebral CT showed an area of hypodensity suspected to be an infarction, but an MRI scan carried out 10 days later showed cerebral abscesses caused by a dental infection that had occurred four weeks previously. This case report shows that even if a patient with confusion does not show focal signs on examination, an organic brain disease - such as cerebral abscess - may still be present. Hence, when confusion is associated with fever or impaired consciousness, an MRI scan should be carried out.


Asunto(s)
Absceso Encefálico/diagnóstico por imagen , Delirio/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Delirio/etiología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos
4.
Neuropsychology ; 31(7): 822-833, 2017 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28358553

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Recent findings suggest that mental arithmetic involves shifting attention on a mental continuum in which numbers would be ordered from left to right, from small to large numbers, with addition and subtraction causing rightward or leftward shifts, respectively. Neuropsychological data showing that brain-damaged patients with left neglect experience difficulties in solving subtraction but not addition problems support this hypothesis. However, the reverse dissociation is needed to establish the causal role of spatial attention in mental arithmetic. METHOD: R.H., a 65-year-old left-brain-damaged patient exhibiting right unilateral visuospatial and representational neglect, was tested with various numerical tasks including numerical comparison, arithmetic problem-solving, and numerical interval bisection. RESULTS: In numerical comparison, R.H. showed a selective response latency increase when judging numbers larger than the references whereas his performance was normal for numbers smaller than the references. In the arithmetic task, R.H. was impaired in solving addition but not subtraction problems. In contrast, performance in number bisection shows a deviation toward larger numbers. CONCLUSION: These results establish a double dissociation between subtraction and addition solving in patients with left versus right neglect and demonstrate clear evidence that attentional mechanisms are crucial for mental arithmetic. We suggest that attention shifts are involved whenever a number is represented relative to another on a mental continuum, be it during numerical comparison or arithmetic problem-solving. R.H.'s performance in numerical interval bisection indicates that this task involves processes that are distinct from those involved in number comparison and mental arithmetic. (PsycINFO Database Record


Asunto(s)
Atención , Matemática , Trastornos de la Percepción/psicología , Anciano , Absceso Encefálico/diagnóstico por imagen , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Absceso Encefálico/cirugía , Lateralidad Funcional , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Trastornos de la Percepción/diagnóstico por imagen , Solución de Problemas , Desempeño Psicomotor , Tiempo de Reacción , Percepción Espacial
5.
J Neurosurg Pediatr ; 8(6): 544-7, 2011 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22132910

RESUMEN

Pathological laughter and crying (PLC) has been widely documented in the medical literature in association with various pathological processes in the brainstem, particularly infarction. However, it remains poorly understood. The authors present a case report and analyze all the cases in the literature to try to localize a putative faciorespiratory center. This 13-year-old girl developed a pontine abscess subsequent to sphenoid sinusitis. This increased in size despite antibiotic treatment, and she developed PLC. The abscess was then stereotactically aspirated, with resolution of the symptoms. A PubMed search of the term "pathological laughter and crying" was performed. From these papers all reported cases of PLC were identified. Cases without neuroimaging were excluded. The remaining cases were categorized as small lesions permitting accurate localization within the pons, or large nonlocalizing lesions. All images of localizing lesions were magnified to the same size and placed on a grid. From this an area of maximal overlap was identified. The authors identified 7 cases of small localizing lesions with adequate imaging. The area of maximal overlap was in the region of the anterior paramedian pons. All the lesions involved this region of the pons. There were 28 further reports of large lesions that either resulted in gross compressive distortion of the pons or diffusely infiltrated it, and thus, although implicating involvement of a pontine center, did not allow for localization of a specific region of the pons. The authors report a case of PLC caused by a pontine abscess. Symptoms were reversible with stereotactically assisted aspiration and antibiotic administration. Analysis of the lesions reported in the literature showed a pattern toward a regulatory center in the pons. The most consistently involved region was in the anterior paramedian pons, and this may be the site of a faciorespiratory center.


Asunto(s)
Absceso Encefálico/patología , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Llanto/psicología , Risa/psicología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Puente/patología , Adolescente , Absceso Encefálico/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Sinusitis del Esfenoides/complicaciones
6.
Eur J Neurol ; 13(6): 599-603, 2006 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16796583

RESUMEN

The consequences of brain abscess (BA) on cognition and behaviour have never been examined in detail. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term cognitive deficits of patients who suffered a BA and to estimate its effect on the quality of life. Twenty patients were included in the study. Follow up with neuropsychological and behavioural tests was performed 6 months to 42 years after BA (mean 10.4 +/- 11.9). Cognitive deficits were defined as a test score of 2 or more standard deviations below controls' mean in those tasks which revealed a significant group deficit. Compared with healthy age, sex and education-matched controls, 13 of 20 patients (65%) exhibited neuropsychological deficits in some cognitive tasks. Ten of those patients (50%) were significantly impaired in < or =2 cognition domains, whilst the remaining three patients (15%) showed three to five impaired domains. No correlation was found between neuropsychological impairments and patients' age, sex, initial neurological symptoms, size and localization of BA, or secondary epileptic seizures. Reduction in quality of life was found in five patients (25%). BA may cause long lasting cognitive deficits. Despite the focal character of the lesion, long-term sequelae follow a more diffuse subcortical deficit pattern.


Asunto(s)
Absceso Encefálico/complicaciones , Absceso Encefálico/fisiopatología , Trastornos del Conocimiento/fisiopatología , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Electroencefalografía/métodos , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos
7.
Clin Neurol Neurosurg ; 105(2): 128-31, 2003 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12691806

RESUMEN

We describe a case of a 38-year-old woman who presented with 'circling' seizures and was found to have an intracranial mass with features consistent with a meningioma. Three weeks prior to her presentation she underwent an uncomplicated vaginal hysterectomy. However, after discharge to home she developed a 4-day history of fever, chills and night sweats that eventually resolved. She underwent surgical removal of her intracranial mass without difficulty but intra-operative pathology showed features of acute cerebritis at the margins of the tumor. Further sectioning of the mass revealed evidence of an intratumoral abscess. Culture of the meningioma revealed heavy growth of Bacteroides fragilis. The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics, discharged home in excellent health and has had no recurrence of seizures. In our case report we will review the historical literature on the incidence and features of intratumoral abscess. Although it is considered a rare event, our case demonstrates both common and unique features about this occurrence and highlights an unusual chain of events in the natural history of the patient's meningioma and the way in which it became clinically apparent.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacteroides/complicaciones , Bacteroides fragilis/aislamiento & purificación , Absceso Encefálico/complicaciones , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Neoplasias Meníngeas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Meníngeas/microbiología , Meningioma/complicaciones , Meningioma/microbiología , Trastornos del Movimiento/etiología , Convulsiones/etiología , Adulto , Bacteroides fragilis/patogenicidad , Femenino , Humanos , Histerectomía , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Neoplasias Meníngeas/cirugía , Meningioma/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias
8.
Acta Neurochir (Wien) ; 144(9): 901-7; discussion 907, 2002 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12376771

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Patients with physical brain abnormalities have an increased risk of developing psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). Here we describe patients who developed PNES after intracranial neurosurgery for indications other than the control of refractory epileptic seizures and explore whether neurosurgical intervention is at risk factor for PNES. METHOD: We searched the database of 372 patients diagnosed with PNES at our department over the last 10 years and identified 17 patients (4.6%) in whom PNES first started after intracranial neurosurgery. Surgical procedures included the complete or partial resection of a meningioma, AV malformation, cavernoma, plexus papilloma, neurinoma, astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, dysontogenetic cyst, the drainage of a brain abscess and removal of a subdural hematoma. PNES were documented by ictal video-EEG, ictal EEG, or ictal observation and examination in all cases. The diagnosis of additional epileptic seizures were confirmed by ictal EEG/video-EEG, or made on the basis of a clinical assessment by an experienced epileptologist. FINDINGS: Five patients had purely psychogenic postoperative seizure disorders, twelve had epileptic and psychogenic attacks. Median age at neurosurgery was 32 years (range 5-54), median latency between surgery and onset of PNES was 1 year (range 0-17 years). INTERPRETATION: PNES may develop after intracranial neurosurgery undertaken for other indications than the control of refractory epileptic seizures. Younger patients with a history of pre-operative psychiatric problems or epileptic seizures and surgical complications may be at higher risk. A diagnosis of PNES should be considered in patients who develop refractory seizures after neurosurgery.


Asunto(s)
Absceso Encefálico/cirugía , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirugía , Hematoma Subdural/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/diagnóstico , Convulsiones/diagnóstico , Trastornos Somatomorfos/diagnóstico , Adaptación Psicológica , Adolescente , Adulto , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/psicología , Niño , Preescolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Electroencefalografía , Femenino , Hematoma Subdural/psicología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/psicología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Convulsiones/psicología , Rol del Enfermo , Trastornos Somatomorfos/psicología , Grabación en Video
9.
Paediatr Nurs ; 11(2): 21-3, 1999 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10358644

RESUMEN

The traumatic effects of illness and hospitalisation on the child can be minimised with appropriate and effective communication, both with and from the child. When verbal communication is not possible, alternative means of communicating must be set up as soon as feasible, to establish a two-way channel, thus reducing the likelihood of misconceptions, misunderstandings, and unnecessary fears and frustrations.


Asunto(s)
Niño Hospitalizado/psicología , Barreras de Comunicación , Relaciones Enfermero-Paciente , Enfermería Pediátrica/métodos , Absceso Encefálico/enfermería , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Niño , Niños con Discapacidad/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Personal de Enfermería en Hospital/psicología , Juego e Implementos de Juego
10.
Can J Neurol Sci ; 24(1): 70-2, 1997 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9043753

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Complex auditory hallucinations have rarely been reported in cases of brainstem stroke or tumor. METHOD: Case study. RESULTS: A patient with acute Listeria rhombencephalitis complained of formed musical auditory hallucinations on the side of recent sensorineural deafness. MRI revealed an abscess in the middle cerebellar peduncule with extensive surrounding edema. CONCLUSIONS: Disruption of brainstem auditory pathways may cause complex auditory hallucinations. Potential pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed and a diagnostic approach is proposed.


Asunto(s)
Encefalitis/complicaciones , Alucinaciones/etiología , Listeriosis/complicaciones , Rombencéfalo/patología , Adulto , Absceso Encefálico/patología , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Sordera/complicaciones , Sordera/psicología , Encefalitis/patología , Encefalitis/psicología , Humanos , Listeriosis/patología , Listeriosis/psicología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Música
11.
Cas Lek Cesk ; 130(9): 272-5, 1991 Mar 01.
Artículo en Checo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2025903

RESUMEN

The authors examined a group of 13 patients who recovered after operation of a brain abscess. They evaluated also the records of two patients who were unable to attend examination. For examination the WAIS-R test was used, Wechsler's memory test, Benton's test, the Cornell Medical Index 3 and other methods of evaluation. In the group of the 13 examined subjects in 8 instances a pathological deterioration of mental abilities was found, in five patients a psychopathological symptomatology. In one patient the authors detected ethylism with degradation of personality. The results of the investigation suggest a frequent incidence of serious changes after operation of brain abscesses with consequences for the quality of life of the patients and their families.


Asunto(s)
Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Absceso Encefálico/complicaciones , Absceso Encefálico/cirugía , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Inteligencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Personalidad , Calidad de Vida , Conducta Social
12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1840343

RESUMEN

A group of 13 patients recovered after surgical treatment of brain abscess was examined. The patients were tested using WAIS-R, WMS, BVRT and CMI 3 methods. The reports of two patients not examined in person were also evaluated. Pathological deterioration of mental capacities was found in 8 cases, psychopathological symptomatology was recorded in 5 cases. One patient was amaurotic. The reports of two patients in the examination not present gave the diagnosis of ethylism and personality degradation in one case. The results obtained suggest that mental and physical disabilities occur after surgical treatment of brain abscess.


Asunto(s)
Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Adulto , Absceso Encefálico/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Inteligencia , Pruebas de Inteligencia , Masculino
13.
J Intraven Nurs ; 13(3): 172-6, 1990.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2341962

RESUMEN

Patients with brain abscesses now have the option of receiving intravenous antibiotic therapy at home. However, before discharge from the hospital, these patients require significant education in aseptic technique, general catheter care, medication administration, and troubleshooting. Also provided is a review of the pathology, signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of adult brain abscesses.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Absceso Encefálico/tratamiento farmacológico , Servicios de Atención de Salud a Domicilio , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Absceso Encefálico/enfermería , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Humanos , Infusiones Intravenosas , Alta del Paciente , Educación del Paciente como Asunto
14.
Neuropsychologia ; 28(10): 1011-9, 1990.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2267053

RESUMEN

Although it is widely accepted that lesion size is an important determinant of severity of deficit, difficulties in the quantification of lesion size and the absence of a theoretical model of how lesion volume combines with lesion locus to produce deficits have inhibited the development of methodological and statistical procedures for studying naturally occurring lesions in humans. We propose such a unified model and apply it to the analysis of neuropsychological performance in a sample of patients with naturally occurring unilateral lesions. The analysis suggests that a statistical interaction between lesion size and laterality may be an important determinant of neuropsychological deficit.


Asunto(s)
Daño Encefálico Crónico/fisiopatología , Corteza Cerebral/fisiopatología , Dominancia Cerebral/fisiología , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Adulto , Absceso Encefálico/fisiopatología , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Daño Encefálico Crónico/psicología , Lesiones Encefálicas/fisiopatología , Lesiones Encefálicas/psicología , Mapeo Encefálico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/fisiopatología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/psicología , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/fisiopatología , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/psicología , Femenino , Lateralidad Funcional/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X
16.
Neuropsychologia ; 26(1): 173-8, 1988.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3283597

RESUMEN

Previous research has demonstrated that patients with memory disorders resulting from closed-head injury can acquire the complex knowledge and skills necessary for the use of a microcomputer. The present paper extends the generality of those findings by showing that (1) amnesic patients with other etiologies could similarly learn how to operate a computer and (2) the knowledge and skills acquired were retained over intervals of up to 9 months.


Asunto(s)
Amnesia/psicología , Daño Encefálico Crónico/psicología , Computadores , Memoria , Microcomputadores , Retención en Psicología , Adulto , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Conmoción Encefálica/psicología , Instrucción por Computador , Encefalitis/psicología , Humanos , Hipoxia Encefálica/psicología , Aneurisma Intracraneal/psicología , Recuerdo Mental , Persona de Mediana Edad , Aprendizaje Verbal
18.
Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr (1970) ; 231(4): 339-57, 1982.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7115052

RESUMEN

In the present study 3 hypotheses were investigated: first, the notion that an aphasic impairment of vowel perception is not associated with particular aphasic syndromes or lesion sites, second, that it is a disorder comparable to a general impairment of perception in a normal speaker caused by some form of interference, and third, that perceptual phonemic discrimination is a separate process from the phonemic discriminative function necessary for speech production. The hypotheses were tested by means of a vowel discrimination test administered to 50 German-speaking aphasic patients (roughly equally divided between Broca's, mixed non-fluent, Wernicke's and mixed fluent groups); the same test, masked by white noise at -10 dB was also administered to 20 normal native speakers of German. Results were in support of all 3 hypotheses. First, aphasic patients' error patterns were similar across fluent and nonfluent groups and for all lesion sites. Second, the error distributions of aphasics with slight auditory impairment resembled those of normal subjects in the -10 dB white noise condition, while distributions of aphasics with severe auditory impairment were indicative of an added component of guessing behaviour. And third, the patients' performance on the discrimination task differed from that shown on a comparable repetition test. (It was argued that repetition involves a patient's expressive capacity in addition to his perceptual capacity). The differentiation of perceptual and expressive phonemic discrimination was further supported by an analysis of the speech errors occurring in the spontaneous (purely expressive) speech and in the repetition (expressive plus perceptual) tasks of 16 French Canadian and 5 English Canadian aphasics.


Asunto(s)
Afasia de Broca/psicología , Afasia de Wernicke/psicología , Afasia/psicología , Fonética , Percepción del Habla , Adulto , Anciano , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Lesiones Encefálicas/psicología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/psicología , Infarto Cerebral/psicología , Dominancia Cerebral , Femenino , Hemangioma/psicología , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraneal/psicología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
19.
Brain ; 102(1): 43-63, 1979 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-427532

RESUMEN

An analytical investigation of the residual reading capacities of a single patient with dyslexia without dysgraphia is reported. Both his ability to name and to comprehend letters and words were severely impaired. The major finding of this investigation was AR's striking capacity for categorizing words he could not read. In addition there was evidence of semantic priming effects. Thus AR was frequently able to achieve partial comprehension of words he could not read. The orthodox interpretation of the dyslexia without dysgraphia in terms of a disconnection syndrome is shown to be inappropriate, at least for the present case, where the deficit appears to be within the semantic domain; it is argued that this type of dyslexia is due to an impairment in accessing semantic information.


Asunto(s)
Dislexia Adquirida/psicología , Semántica , Percepción Auditiva , Absceso Encefálico/psicología , Absceso Encefálico/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas Psicológicas , Lectura , Percepción Visual
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