RESUMEN

Ammonium, an end-product of catabolism, in low doses can promote adaptation of metabolic pathways in erythrocytes under conditions of extreme physical exercise. We compared the effects of two ammonium salts, ammonium chloride and ammonium carbonate, in two doses on biochemical parameters of rat erythrocytes 1 day after extreme physical exercise in a 4-week cycle of forced swimming. Of 16 analyzed parameters, the maximum number of significant shifts from the control was revealed in the groups of rats receiving ammonium chloride in doses of 20 and 10 mg/kg, and the minimal number of differences was found in groups treated with ammonium carbonate in the same doses. The comparison of the levels of reduced glutathione and 2.3-bisphosphoglicerate and activities of 5'-nucleotidase and Ca2+- and Na/K-ATPases attested to more rigorous control of the mechanism of oxygen delivery to tissues by erythrocytes after administration of ammonium chloride in a dose of 20 mg/kg.

Asunto(s)

Adaptación Fisiológica/efectos de los fármacos , Cloruro de Amonio/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Carbonatos/farmacología , Eritrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Esfuerzo Físico , 2,3-Difosfoglicerato/agonistas , 2,3-Difosfoglicerato/metabolismo , 5'-Nucleotidasa/genética , 5'-Nucleotidasa/metabolismo , Adaptación Fisiológica/fisiología , Animales , ATPasas Transportadoras de Calcio/genética , ATPasas Transportadoras de Calcio/metabolismo , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Eritrocitos/citología , Eritrocitos/metabolismo , Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Glutatión/agonistas , Glutatión/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Condicionamiento Físico Animal , Ratas , ATPasa Intercambiadora de Sodio-Potasio/genética , ATPasa Intercambiadora de Sodio-Potasio/metabolismo , Natación