RESUMEN
Helicobacter pylori infect millions of people around the world. It occupies a niche in the human gastrointestinal tract characterized by high expression of a repertoire of carbohydrates. ABO and Lewis histo-blood group systems are controlled by genes coding for functional glycosyltransferases which synthesize great diversity of related fucosylated carbohydrate in different tissues, including gastrointestinal mucosa, and exocrine secretions. The structural diversity of histo-blood group carbohydrates is highly complex and depends on epistatic interactions among gene-encoding glycosyltransferases. The histo-blood group glycosyltransferases act in the glycosylation of proteins and lipids in the human gastrointestinal tract allowing the expression of a variety of potential receptors in which H. pylori can adhere. These oligosaccharide molecules are part of the gastrointestinal repertoire of carbohydrates which act as potential receptors for microorganisms, including H. pylori. This Gram-negative bacillus is one of the main causes of the gastrointestinal diseases such as chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcer, and cancer of stomach. Previous reports showed that some H. pylori strains use carbohydrates as receptors to adhere to the gastric and duodenal mucosa. Since some histo-blood group carbohydrates are highly expressed in one but not in others histo-blood group phenotypes it has pointed out that quantitative differences among them influence the susceptibility to diseases caused by H. pylori. Additionally, some experiments using animal model are helping us to understand how this bacillus explore histo-blood group carbohydrates as potential receptors, offering possibility to explore new strategies of management of infection, disease treatment, and prevention. This text highlights the importance of structural diversity of ABO and Lewis histo-blood group carbohydrates as facilitators for H. pylori infection.
Asunto(s)
Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO/metabolismo , Carbohidratos/química , Epistasis Genética , Infecciones por Helicobacter/genética , Helicobacter pylori/genética , Antígenos del Grupo Sanguíneo de Lewis/metabolismo , Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO/química , Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO/genética , Animales , Secuencia de Carbohidratos , Gastritis/enzimología , Gastritis/genética , Gastritis/microbiología , Gastritis/patología , Glicosilación , Glicosiltransferasas/genética , Glicosiltransferasas/metabolismo , Infecciones por Helicobacter/enzimología , Infecciones por Helicobacter/microbiología , Infecciones por Helicobacter/patología , Helicobacter pylori/crecimiento & desarrollo , Helicobacter pylori/metabolismo , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno , Humanos , Antígenos del Grupo Sanguíneo de Lewis/química , Antígenos del Grupo Sanguíneo de Lewis/genética , Úlcera Péptica/enzimología , Úlcera Péptica/genética , Úlcera Péptica/microbiología , Úlcera Péptica/patología , Neoplasias Gástricas/enzimología , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiología , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologíaRESUMEN
Um teste de urease, empregando-se um meio contendo vancomicina, ácido nalidíxico e anfotericina, foi um método rápido e fácil para detectar Campylobacter pylori em fragmentos de biópsia gástrica. Com 39 espécimes antrais positivos à cultura e 18 negativos, a sensibilidade do teste da urease foi 90% e a especificidade 100%. A freqüência de resultados positivos pareceu depender da concentraçäo de C. pylori nas amostras