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OBJECTIVE: This study examined the dyadic association of self and informal caregiver proxy-reported met needs in persons living with dementia on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL). METHODS: A total of 237 persons with dementia and their caregivers were included from a previous observational study. HRQOL was assessed by the EuroQol-5D and the number of met needs by the Camberwell Assessment of Needs for the Elderly. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model framework was used to analyze the effect of an individual's self or proxy-reported met needs on their own HRQOL (actor effects), and an individual's self or proxy-reported met needs on the other dyad member's HRQOL (partner effects). RESULTS: The number of self-reported met needs by persons living with dementia was negatively associated with their own HRQOL (actor effect b = -0.200, p < 0.001), and the HRQOL of informal caregivers (partner effect b = -0.114, p = 0.001). The number of proxy-reported met needs by informal caregivers was negatively associated with their own HRQOL (actor effect b = -0.105, p < 0.001) but not the person living with dementia's HRQOL (-0.025, p = 0.375). CONCLUSION: Study findings suggest that both self-reported and informal caregiver proxy-reported met needs in persons living with dementia should be considered in research and practice because they have different implications for each dyad members' HRQOL.

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Objective: The present study aimed to probe the intergenerational transmission of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and trust in physicians. Besides, through the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM), the predictive effect of parents' IU on their own and their spouses' trust in physicians was examined. A mediation model was further constructed to probe the mechanisms by which parents' IU affects children's trust in physicians. Methods: The Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 (IUS-12) and the Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale (WFPTS) were employed to conduct the questionnaire survey among 384 families (each family with a father, mother, and one child). Results: IU and trust in physicians were found to be intergenerationally transmitted. The results of the APIM analyses showed that fathers' total IUS-12 scores negatively predicted their own (ß = -0.419, p < 0.01) and mothers' (ß = -0.235, p < 0.01) total WFPTS scores. Mothers' total IUS-12 scores negatively predicted their own (ß = -0.353, p < 0.01) and fathers' (ß = -0.138, p = 0.017) total WFPTS scores. The results of mediation analyses indicated that parents' total WFPTS scores and children's total IUS-12 scores mediated the effect of parents' total IUS-12 scores on children's total WFPTS scores. Conclusion: The public's IU is a crucial influencing factor of their trust in physicians. Besides, the IU between couples and between parents and children could be mutually affected. On the one hand, husbands' IU could affect their own and their wives' trust in physicians, and vice versa. On the other hand, parents' IU and trust in physicians could affect their children's IU and trust in physicians, respectively.

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Objective: Drawing on the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM), the present study investigated the relationship between Chinese middle-aged and old couples' Confucian coping thinking and their marital quality in the hope to provide a theoretical basis for ameliorating marital quality. Methods: With 744 middle-aged and old couples as participants, the Confucian Coping Questionnaire (CCQ) and the Quality of Marriage Index (QMI) were employed to probe the relationship between responsibility thinking (RT), pro-setback thinking (PT), fate thinking (FT), and marital quality. Results: Husbands' and wives' scores in responsibility thinking and pro-setback thinking had significantly positive correlations with their own and their spouses' scores in marital quality, respectively, and husbands' and wives' scores in fate thinking had significantly negative correlations with their own and their spouses' marital quality, respectively. Husbands' responsibility thinking, pro-setback thinking, and fate thinking had a significant actor effect. Husbands' responsibility thinking and fate thinking had a significant partner effect. Wives' responsibility thinking, pro-setback thinking, and fate thinking had a significant actor effect. Wives' responsibility thinking and pro-setback thinking had a significant partner effect. Conclusion: From the perspective of dyadic relationships, the present study found that responsibility thinking and pro-setback thinking could positively predict marital quality, while pro-setback thinking could negatively predict marital quality.

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BACKGROUND: Patients' negative illness perceptions and beliefs about cardiac rehabilitation (CR) can influence uptake and adherence to CR. Little is known about the interpartner influence of these antecedent variables on quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and their family caregivers. The aims of the study were: 1) to assess differences in illness perceptions, beliefs about CR and quality of life between patients with CAD and their family caregivers upon entry to a CR programme and at 6 months follow-up; and 2) to examine whether patients' and caregivers' perceptions of the patient's illness and beliefs about CR at baseline predict their own and their partner's quality of life at 6 months. METHODS: In this longitudinal study of 40 patient-caregiver dyads from one CR service, patients completed the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and Beliefs about Cardiac Rehabilitation Questionnaire at baseline and 6 months; and caregivers completed these questionnaires based on their views about the patient's illness and CR. The Short-Form 12 Health Survey was used to assess patients' and caregivers' perceived health status. Dyadic data were analysed using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model. RESULTS: Most patients (70%) were men, mean age 62.45 years; and most caregivers (70%) were women, mean age 59.55 years. Caregivers were more concerned about the patient's illness than the patients themselves; although they had similar scores for beliefs about CR. Patients had poorer physical health than caregivers, but their level of mental health was similar. Caregivers' poorer mental health at 6 months was predicted by the patient's perceptions of timeline and illness concern (i.e. partner effects). Patient's and caregiver's illness perceptions and beliefs about CR were associated with their own physical and mental health at 6 months (i.e. actor effects). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the patients and caregivers had similar scores for illness perceptions and beliefs about CR. The actor and partner effect results indicate a need to focus on specific illness perceptions and beliefs about CR, targeting both the individual and the dyad, early in the rehabilitation process to help improve patients and caregivers physical and mental health (outcomes).

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Objectives: Depressive symptoms and life satisfaction are closely related among the older adults. However, investigation of the dyadic influence of depressive symptoms and life satisfaction among Chinese older married couples is limited. The current study aimed to investigate the reciprocal effects of life satisfaction and depressive symptoms longitudinally among a sample of Chinese older married couples.Method: The current sample consisted of 1,877 older married couples from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Depressive symptoms and life satisfaction were measured at the 2010 baseline and the 2014 assessment. Age, income, education, physical health, and length of marriage measured at baseline were included as the controlled variables. Data was analyzed with the longitudinal actor-partner interdependence models.Results: One's life satisfaction and depressive symptoms were significantly associated with his/her own life satisfaction and depressive symptoms longitudinally. In addition, higher levels of wives' depressive symptoms in 2010 were associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and lower levels of life satisfaction among their husbands in 2014. Higher levels of husbands' life satisfaction in 2010 were associated with higher levels of wives' life satisfaction in 2014.Conclusion: The current study found both actor and partner effects in the long-term association between depressive symptoms and life satisfaction. Among these older married couples, husbands were the 'receivers' of their wives' depressive symptoms and the 'senders' of life satisfaction. Practitioners aiming to promote the well-beings of older married adults need to consider the dyadic influences given the significant partner effects found in the current study.

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PURPOSE: Unpaid care is an important source of support of people with long-term conditions. Interdependence of carers' and care recipients' quality of life would be expected due to the relational nature of caregiving. This study aims to explore interdependence of quality of life in carer/care-recipient dyads, especially in relation to mutual interdependence due to social feedback in the caregiving relationship and also the partner effects of one partner's experience of long-term care support on the other's outcomes. METHODS: Using data collected in an interview survey of 264 adults with care support needs and their unpaid carers in England, we employed regression analysis to explore whether there is mutual interdependence of care-related quality of life within carer/care-recipient dyads for three quality of life attributes: Control over daily life, Social participation and Occupation. The influence of factors, including satisfaction with long-term care, were also considered on individuals' and dyad partners' care-related quality of life. RESULTS: We found mutual interdependence of quality of life at the dyad-level for Control over daily life, but not Occupation or Social participation. A partner effect of care recipients' satisfaction with long-term care on carers' Control over daily life was also observed. Higher care recipient satisfaction with care services was associated with higher Control over daily life. By contrast, for Social participation and Occupation, there were only significant effects of care recipients' satisfaction with long-term care and their own quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the importance of considering the wider impact beyond the individual of long-term care on quality of life in the evaluation of long-term care policy and practice.

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