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PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of a newly developed hand rim in wheelchair tennis players from a lab and field perspective. METHODS: Nine wheelchair tennis players performed a set of field and lab tests with the new rim (NR) and regular rim on the racket side. Each player had a 60- to 120-minute regular training session with the NR. Three wheelchair tennis field tests (20-m sprint, Illinois, spider) were completed on a hard court using inertial measurement units. The inertial measurement units enabled analysis of linear/rotational velocity and acceleration. In the lab, two 4-minute submaximal tests (at 1.5 and 2 m/s, 0.2 W/kg), followed directly by a 5-second sprint, on a wheelchair ergometer were completed. Force and velocity were measured continuously throughout all tests. Mixed linear models investigated the effect between the 2 hand rims. RESULTS: During the spider test, mean rotational velocity to the racket side (-2%, P = .005) was lower in the NR, and end times were similar between hand-rim conditions. No differences were observed in the 20-m sprint and Illinois field tests. In the lab, contact angle (+6%, P = .04), cycle time (+12%, P = .007), and work per push (+13%, P = .005) were higher in the NR during submaximal propulsion. Work per push (+13%, P = .007), peak velocity (+3%, P < .001), and distance covered (+4%, P = .02) were higher with the NR during the 5-second sprint test. CONCLUSIONS: The NR seems slightly favorable compared with the regular rim during performance testing on a wheelchair ergometer in wheelchair tennis players. A longer practice time might show more insights between the hand-rim types.

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BACKGROUND: Military physical fitness tests and standards often lack a scientific basis. Contrary to this traditional-historical precedent, US Air Force researchers use a "Two-Tier" health (Tier 1) and performance (Tier 2) approach to develop evidence-based criterion physical fitness tests, standards, and training. This study specifically and only addresses a physical demands analysis, the first step in a six-step process to develop Tier 2 occupationally specific, operationally relevant physical fitness tests and standards, and training guidance. OBJECTIVE: This study conducted a physical demands analysis to identify and delineate occupationally specific, operationally relevant critical physical tasks for eight physically demanding US Air Force occupational specialties. METHODS: A comprehensive five part physical demands analysis reviewed duty tasks, conducted focus groups, assessed incumbents, observed operational tasks, and interviewed senior leaders to detail critical physical tasks. RESULTS: The physical demands analysis delineated duty tasks to critical physical tasks for Special Tactics (556 to 40), Pararescue (981 to 50), Tactical Air Control (415 to 44), Special Operations Weather (586 to 50), Explosive Ordnance Disposal (1107 to 39), Security Forces (1286 to 25), Fire and Emergency Services (802 to 39), and Survival, Evasion, Resistance, and Escape (1099 to 25). CONCLUSIONS: The study approach proved efficacious for conducting a thorough physical demands analysis to identify and delineate occupationally specific, operationally relevant critical physical tasks for eight US Air Force physically demanding occupations. Critical physical tasks provide basis for the next overall research process step, developing physical task simulations to link to predictive physical fitness tests and training guidance.

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Acute stress is frequent in sports and rehabilitation contexts and can impact cognitive processes essential for motor learning. This study aimed to investigate the influence of induced acute stress on the learning of a precise manual task, examining its effect on five key parameters of fine motor control: trajectory error, trajectory error direction, time error, tracing accuracy, and task accuracy. A double-masked, randomized clinical trial with 62 participants (average age 20.65 ± 2.54 years; 39 females; 23 males) was conducted. To examine the effects of stress, participants were assigned to either a stress or a control group through stratified randomization by sex. Initially, all participants underwent the Maastricht Acute Stress Test (in its acute stress and control versions, respectively). Subsequently, they performed the precise manual task on a graphic tablet at three stages of the learning process: acquisition, short-term retrieval, and long-term retrieval. Electrodermal activity and heart rate variability were recorded to assess stress induction. Data analysis from 30 stress group participants and 25 control group participants revealed no statistically significant differences between groups in any of the variables studied at the three learning stages. Both groups exhibited statistically significant improvements in time error, trajectory error direction, and tracing accuracy during both short-term and long-term retrieval compared to acquisition. Our findings suggest that acute physical and psychological stress does not markedly impair learning a precise manual task of adhering to a specific trajectory and pace among young adults.

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BACKGROUND: Cancer burden in India is rapidly growing, with oral, breast, and uterine cervix being the three most commonly affected sites. It has a catastrophic epidemiological and financial impact on rural communities, the vast majority of whom are socio-economically disadvantaged. Strengthening the health system is necessary to address challenges in the access and provision of cancer services, thus improving outcomes among vulnerable populations. OBJECTIVE: To develop, test, and validate a health system capacity assessment (HSCA) tool that evaluates the capacity and readiness for cancer services provision in rural India. METHODS: A multi-method process was pursued to develop a cancer-specific HSCA tool. Firstly, item generation entailed both a nominal group technique (to identify the health system dimensions to capture) and a rapid review of published and gray literature (to generate items within each of the selected dimensions). Secondly, tool development included the pre-testing of questionnaires through healthcare facility visits, and item reduction through a series of in-depth interviews (IDIs) with key local stakeholders. Thirdly, tool validation was performed through expert consensus. RESULTS: A three-step HSCA multi-method tool was developed comprising: (a) desk review template, investigating policies and protocols at the state level, (b) facility assessment protocol and checklist, catering to the Indian public healthcare system, and (c) IDI topic guide, targeting policymakers, healthcare workforce, and other relevant stakeholders. CONCLUSIONS: The resulting HSCA tool assesses health system capacity, thus contributing to the planning and implementation of context-appropriate, sustainable, equity-focused, and integrated early detection interventions for cancer control, especially toward vulnerable populations in rural India and other low-resource settings.

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BACKGROUND: As the number of nursing home residents with multiple healthcare needs grows, the demand for nursing expertise increases. The implementation of new care models involving nurses with expanded roles is crucial for ensuring quality care in nursing homes. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the characteristics and activities of nurses employed in nursing homes in expanded roles and the factors associated with variation in the activities performed. METHODS: This multicentre cross-sectional survey in Switzerland collected data from a convenience sample of 118 nursing homes between September 2018 and October 2019. From a subsample of 62 nursing homes, we analysed the characteristics and activities of 104 nurses in expanded roles. Associations between the activities performed and the educational background of the nurses in expanded roles, their direct supervisors' positions and the presence of physicians in the nursing homes were examined. RESULTS: Most Registered Nurses in expanded roles were diploma educated (48%), with fewer having a bachelor's (35%) or master's degree (17%). Overall, direct clinical practice and guidance and coaching activities were conducted monthly to weekly; consultation, evidence-based practice, collaboration and ethical decision-making activities were conducted monthly. We saw variations where a higher educational background was associated with more frequent evidence-based practice activities (z = 3.47, p < 0.001), and if direct supervisors were ward managers, nurses in expanded roles worked more frequently below their scope of practice (z = 4.10, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This is the first study to use Hamric's integrative Advanced Practice Nursing model to examine the activities of nurses in expanded roles in nursing homes. We found considerable variation in their activities, where nursing homes seem to adapt their roles to their educational background and the local context. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Our findings show the importance of clarifying role expectations for Registered Nurses in expanded roles, allowing them to practice at the top of the licence to meet residents' complex healthcare needs.

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BACKGROUND: There is a requirement for British Army personnel to operate in/around water. Assessing role-related swimming/water competence will support personnel to conduct their job-roles safely and effectively. OBJECTIVE: To undertake a Job-Task Analysis (JTA) of British Army personnel when working in/around water and use this information to develop a Swimming Representative Military Task (RMT) to assess swimming/water competence. METHODS: Workshops, surveys, and observations were used to conduct a JTA, which identified and described job-tasks conducted by British Army personnel in/around water. Ergonomic analysis of these job-tasks identified seven water-based physical actions, which were considered fundamental for all personnel to be competent in performing. These seven actions guided design of a Swimming RMT, which was subsequently conducted twice by 103 serving personnel (89 men, 11 women) and once by 65 recruits (49 men, 16 women). RESULTS: The RMT comprised of entering the water in combat fatigues and webbing, removing webbing, swimming 50 m, and staying afloat for up to 10 minutes. During RMT trials, in trial 1, 85% of serving personnel and 74% of recruits successfully completed the RMT, which increased to 93% in serving personnel for trial 2. Across trials 1 and 2, all three timed RMT elements showed moderate-high correlational reliability (ICC range: 0.462-0.791). On average, serving personnel were quicker to complete the 50 m swim phase compared to recruits (91±24 s vs. 100±26 s; U = 2575.0, rb = -0.192, p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS: The JTA-informed Swimming RMT provides an assessment of the minimum role-related swimming/water competence standard for British Army personnel.

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BACKGROUND: While effective apprehensions of non-compliant suspects are central to public safety, the minimal force needed to transition a suspect from standing to the ground, vital for apprehension success, has not been established. OBJECTIVE: To examine the technical-tactical behaviors of general duty police officers during simulated apprehensions and quantify the minimum force required to destabilize non-compliant suspects. METHODS: Task simulations conducted with 91 officers were analyzed to identify common grappling movements, strikes, control tactics, and changes in body posture. A separate assessment of 55 male officers aimed to determine the minimum force required for destabilization in five body regions (wrist, forearm, shoulder, mid-chest, and mid-back). Data are presented as mean±standard deviation. RESULTS: On average, apprehensions took 7.3±3.2 seconds. While all officers used grappling movements (100%) and the majority employed control tactics (75%), strikes were seldom used (4%). Apprehensions typically began with a two-handed pull (97%; Contact Phase), 55% then attempted an arm bar takedown, followed by a two-handed cross-body pull (68%; Transition/Control Phase), and a two-handed push to the ground (19%; Ground Phase). All officers began in the upright posture, with most shifting to squat (75%), kneel (58%), or bent (45%) postures to complete the apprehension. The minimum force required to disrupt balance differed across body regions (wrist: 54±12 kg; forearm: 49±12 kg; shoulder: 42±10 kg; mid-chest: 44±11 kg; mid-back: 30±7 kg, all P < 0.05), except between the shoulder and chest (P = 0.19). CONCLUSION: These findings provide insights that can enhance the design and accuracy of future apprehension evaluations and inform the optimization of law enforcement physical employment standards.

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The aim of the present study was to compare the differences in joint coordination patterns and variability in the lower extremity between the first and second landing phases of the drop jump. Eighteen resistance-trained men (age: 22.8 ± 1.8 years) performed drop jumps from a height of 0.40 m. An eight-camera motion capture system was utilized to record kinematic trajectories. Modified vector coding technique and circular statistics were used to determine the coordination pattern and variability of the following joint couples during the first and second landings: hip frontal-knee frontal (HfKf), hip sagittal-knee frontal (HsKf), hip sagittal-knee sagittal (HsKs), knee frontal-ankle frontal (KfAf), knee sagittal-ankle frontal (KsAf), and knee sagittal-ankle sagittal (KsAs). Statistical differences in the distribution frequencies of coupling angles and variability between the dominant and nondominant limbs across the two landing phases were compared using two-way repeated analysis of variance and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. During the second landing phase, the proportion of HsKs, KfAf, and KsAs showing in-phase coordination was reduced but the proportion of KfAf and KsAs showing proximal joint (knee) coordination was increased (p < .05). Significant differences in bilateral asymmetry were observed only for the HfKf and KfAf patients (p < .05). HsKs, KfAf, and KsAf varied considerably during the second landing phase (p < .05). Joint coordination patterns during the second landing phase of the drop jump differed considerably from those during the first landing phase, thereby increasing the risk of knee and ankle injuries.

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PURPOSE: Wheelchair users and people with disabilities have limited access to physical exercise due to various factors, including medical follow-up and training facilities. Although tele-exercise guided by experts has become a viable option, there is limited knowledge about the acute performance decrement (APD) resulting from remote training methods. The current cross-sectional study aimed to: (1) assess the APD of muscle resistance strength after three synchronous tele-exercise training methods in wheelchair users and (2) compare the training loads associated with each training method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen male and female wheelchair users who participated in tele-exercise strength practices were recruited. The participants performed a maximum resistance strength test by synchronous tele-assessment (push-up test, PUT) at baseline and immediately after three training methods: high-intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and sprint interval training (SIT). The primary outcome was the APD, which was measured by the percentage decrease in the number of repetitions of the PUT immediately after the training methods. RESULTS: APD was observed for all three training methods, with no significant differences between them (-34.8%, -29.9% and -38.0% for MICT, SIT and HII, respectively), and presented a non-significant correlation with the training loads. HIIT had a significantly higher training load than MICT and SIT. CONCLUSIONS: APD occurred in all training sessions, but did not correlate with training load, indicating that it is not an appropriate metric for comparison. Findings provide insight into APD response and highlight the need to consider multiple metrics when comparing training protocols.

Synchronous moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), sprint interval training (SIT) and high-intensity interval training tele-exercises provided similar acute performance decrement in wheelchair users and people with disabilities.High-intensity interval training showed a higher training load compared to MICT and SIT performed remotely.Acute performance decrement did not correlate with the training load.

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BACKGROUND: Handgrip strength is a common, simple, and inexpensive method to measure muscle strength. On the other hand, the functional performance measurement involves a usual task which implies repeating elements between the individuals' interaction and the environment. This is fundamental for projecting their results to daily life situation. PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between grip strength and measures of functional performance of the upper limbs (ULs) in people over 18 years of age, and to determine the influence of sociodemographic and anthropometric variables on the relationship. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted under the analytical empirical approach, using linear associations between handgrip strength and functional performance measurement tests (correspondence analysis). METHODS: Three hundred sixty-two male and female individuals between 18 and 91 years of age from 4 Colombian cities participated. The grip strength of both ULs measured with a digital dynamometry was associated with the Box and Block Test (BBT, manual dexterity), Nine-Hole Peg Test (NHPT, daily living tasks), and Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JJT, ability to grasp, pick up, and place). Multiple linear regression analyzes were performed to assess possible explanatory factors of a sociodemographic and anthropometric order. RESULTS: A significant association was found between the grip strength of dominant and non-dominant ULs with all functional performance tests (ρ > 0.27 and p < .001), except for the writing and simulated feeding subtests of the JJT (ρ ≤ 0.16). An interactive effect of age was found in the relationship between grip strength and the 3 functional performance tests. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the association between grip strength with the NHPT, JJT, and BBT measures and the interactive effect of age on the performance of all tests.

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INTRODUCTION: Individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently need assistance to manage complex everyday activities. However, little is known about the types of cognitive assistance that can be used to facilitate optimal independence. A conversion mixed method study using video analysis was conducted to describe assistance provided by trained occupational therapists during three everyday tasks carried out in the participants' homes and surrounding environments. METHODS: Forty-five people with moderate and severe TBI were tested by three occupational therapists using the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Profile, an observation-based assessment that documents independence in complex everyday activities and the minimal assistance required to attain task goals. Using video analysis, difficulties experienced by the people with TBI during a meal preparation and grocery shopping task, and the cognitive assistance provided by the occupational therapists in response to these difficulties, were documented. Statistical analyses were also completed to identify the main difficulties and types of cognitive assistance provided during the evaluation, for the whole group and depending on their level of independence. RESULTS: Nine types of cognitive assistance were used by occupational therapists, including implicit (stimulating thought processes), and more explicit assistance (cueing), to facilitate task performance. When needed, motivational assistance, which consisted of encouraging participants to think for themselves, was also used. Stimulating thought processes was mostly used to support goal formulation and planning, whereas cueing was used in numerous instances. Participants with lower levels of independence received more assistance of almost all types to support them. CONCLUSION: Using these findings, training could be developed for caregivers and occupational therapists to support them in providing minimal and personalised cognitive assistance. Further research is needed to examine the extent to which all types of cognitive assistance are effective in helping various cognitive profiles of people with TBI attain optimal independence.

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Introduction: This study was to examine whether inter-user haptic feedback would have a differential impact on skill acquisition based on the nature of the surgical task involved. Specifically, we hypothesized that haptic feedback would facilitate target orientation more than cutting tasks in the context of laparoscopic surgery. Methods: Ten novice participants were recruited and assigned to one of two training groups. Each group underwent six half-hour training sessions dedicated to laparoscopic pattern-cutting tasks. In the haptic group, five participants received expert guidance during the training sessions, whereas the remaining five participants in the control group engaged in self-practice. All trials were recorded on video, enabling a comparative analysis of task performance between the participants' left hand (target manipulation) and right hand (cutting task). Additionally, the number of haptic feedback instances provided to the trainees in the haptic group was recorded. Results: Practice led to a reduction in total task time, grasping time, and cutting errors. However, no significant differences were observed between the two training groups, except for the grasping time, where haptic feedback significantly reduced the grasping time compared to the control group. Moreover, the frequency of haptic feedback instances provided to the trainees was notably higher for the grasping than for the cutting task. Discussion: Our study suggests that haptic feedback has a more substantial impact on orientation tasks than on cutting tasks in laparoscopic surgery training. However, we acknowledge that a larger sample size would provide a more robust evaluation of this effect.

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Purpose: To compare the diagnostic performance of rectal CT with that of high-resolution rectal MRI and histopathology in assessing rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: Sixty-seven patients with rectal cancer who underwent rectal CT with rectal distension using sonographic gel and high-resolution MRI were enrolled in this study. The distance from the anal verge/anorectal junction, distance to the mesorectal fascia (MRF), extramural depth (EMD), extramesorectal lymph node (LN) involvement, extramural venous invasion (EMVI), and T/N stages in rectal CT/MRI were analyzed by two gastrointestinal radiologists. The CT findings of 20 patients who underwent radical surgery without concurrent chemoradiotherapy were compared using histopathology. Interclass correlations and kappa statistics were used. Results: The distance from the anal verge/anorectal junction showed an excellent intraclass correlation between CT and MRI for both reviewers. For EMD, the distance to the MRF, presence of LNs, extramesorectal LN metastasis, EMVI, T stage, and intermodality kappa or weighted kappa values between CT and MRI showed excellent agreement. Among the 20 patients who underwent radical surgery, T staging, circumferential resection margin involvement, EMVI, and LN metastasis on rectal CT showed acceptable concordance rates with histopathology. Conclusion: Dedicated rectal CT may be on par with rectal MRI in providing critical information to patients with rectal cancer.

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this project was to determine if there was any relationship between the sex of the clinician grader and the sex of the chiropractic student intern on student spinal manipulation assessment grades. METHODS: Twelve thousand six hundred and thirty-one supervised patient adjustments by student interns were analyzed over a 3-year data collection window. Student interns were assessed by multiple male and female clinicians in a teaching clinic using a modified Dreyfus model scoring system on a 1-4 scale (1 = novice, 4 = proficient). A Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the relationship between grader sex and student grade as well as student sex and student grade. RESULTS: Sex of the grader had a statistically significant effect on spinal manipulation assessment grade, p < .001, with male clinician graders assigning average scores of 2.81 ± 0.39 (mean ± SD) and female clinician graders scores of 3.01 ± 0.52, r = .18. Sex of the student had a statistically significant but negligible (r = .08) effect on spinal manipulation assessment grade, p < .001, with male students averaging slightly higher scores (2.93 ± 0.47) than females (2.86 ± 0.44) on the modified Dreyfus scale. CONCLUSION: Male clinicians tended to assign lower grades on spinal manipulation assessments than female clinicians. Male students on average received slightly higher scores than female students on spinal manipulation assessments.

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PURPOSE: Virtual arthroscopic training has become increasingly popular. However, there is a lack of efficiency-based tracking of the trainee, which may be critical for determining the specifics of training programs and adapting them for the needs of each trainee. This study aims to evaluate and compare the measures obtained with a non-invasive neurophysiological method with The Diagnostic Arthroscopy Skill Score (DASS), a commonly used assessment tool for evaluating arthroscopic skills. METHODS: The study collected simulator performance scores, consisting of "Triangulation Right Hand", "Triangulation Left Hand", "Catch the Stars" and "Three Rings" and DASS scores from 22 participants (11 novices, 11 experts). These scores were obtained while participants underwent a structured program of exercises for the fundamentals of arthroscopic surgery training (FAST) and knee module using a simulator-based arthroscopy device. During the evaluation, data on oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin levels in the prefrontal cortex were collected using the Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) imaging system. Performance scores, DASS scores, and fNIRS data were subsequently analyzed to determine any correlation between performance and cortex activity. RESULTS: The simulator performance scores and the DASSPart2 scores were significantly higher in the expert group compared to the novice group (200.1 ± 28.5 vs 172.5 ± 48.9, p = 0.04 and 9.4 ± 5.6 vs. 5.4 ± 5.6 p = 0.02). In the expert group, fNIRS data showed a significantly lower prefrontal cortex activation during fundamental tasks in the FAST module, indicating significantly more efficient mental resource use. CONCLUSION: The analysis of cognitive workload changes during simulation-based arthroscopy training revealed a significant correlation between the trainees' DASS scores and fNIRS data. This correlation suggests the potential use of fNIRS data and DASS scores as additional metrics to create adaptive training protocols for each participant. By incorporating these metrics, the training process can be optimized, leading to more efficient arthroscopic training and better preparedness for clinical operations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

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Abstract Objective: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the differences in the perception of ethical decision making, organizational ethical climate, and organizational performance, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic by some health professionals in public and private hospitals in urban areas in Mexico. Materials and Method: 68 health professionals answered a survey using the snowball sampling technique. This digital structured survey evaluated the demographic characteristics of respondents and 3 dimensions (constructs) divided in 53 items: ethical decision making, organizational ethical climate, and organizational performance, before the COVID-19 pandemic (year 2019) and during the pandemic (year 2020-2021). To compare the differences of the dimensions before and during COVID-19, the t-test was carried out for dependent samples. Results: In the ethical decision making and organizational ethical climate dimensions, there were no statistically significant differences in the averages before and during the pandemic. In relation to the organizational performance there is a statistically significant difference in the averages before and during the pandemic, with a decrease in performance. Conclusions: This research contributes to literature on healthcare service management suggesting to acknowledge that, in an adverse environment, the decision making process based on ethics and an ethical climate should be maintained in the organizations to avoid a more dramatic fall in performance.

Resumen Objetivo: El propósito de este artículo es analizar las diferencias en la percepción de la toma de decisiones éticas, clima ético organizacional y desempeño organizacional, antes y durante la pandemia por COVID-19, en algunos profesionales de la salud de hospitales públicos y privados del área urbana de México. Materiales y Métodos: 68 profesionales de la salud respondieron una encuesta utilizando la técnica de muestreo de bola de nieve. Esta encuesta estructurada digital evaluó las características demográficas de los encuestados y 3 dimensiones (constructos) divididas en 53 ítems: toma de decisiones éticas, clima ético organizacional y desempeño organizacional, antes de la pandemia de COVID-19 (año 2019) y durante la pandemia (año 2020-2021). Para comparar las diferencias de las dimensiones antes y durante el COVID-19, se realizó la prueba t para muestras dependientes. Resultados: En las dimensiones toma de decisiones éticas y clima ético organizacional, no se presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los promedios antes y durante la pandemia. En relación al desempeño organizacional existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en los promedios antes y durante la pandemia, con una disminución en el desempeño. Conclusiones: Esta investigación contribuye a la literatura acerca de la gestión de servicios de salud sugiriendo que, en un entorno adverso, la toma de decisiones basada en la ética y un clima ético deben mantenerse en las organizaciones para evitar una caída más dramática en el desempeño.

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between changes in brain activity associated with working memory and assessment scales of memory scores in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) before and after moxibustion therapy. METHODS: aMCI patients were randomized into the moxibustion treatment (MT) group and the placebo moxibustion (PM) group. Each group received either moxibustion therapy or a placebo moxibustion for eight weeks. Neuropsychological performance and functional brain responses to a working memory task were assessed at baseline and at the end of treatment. Memory function was evaluated individually by the Rivermead behavioral memory test (RBMT), and working memory was assessed by the N-back task. RESULTS: Compared with the PM group, RBMT score changes were significant ( < 0.05). In the MT group, the accuracy of the N-back texts increased compared with those before the intervention. After moxibustion intervention, the right insula, postcentral gyrus, precentral gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, thalamus, lingual gyrus, calcarine sulcus, posterior cingulate gyrus, middle frontal gyrus and anterior frontal gyrus were significantly activated (= 0.01, Cluster-level Family-Wise Error = 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the insula, lingual gyrus and posterior cingulate gyrus were associated with changes in N-back score. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the postcentral gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, thalamus, lingual gyrus, and posterior cingulate gyrus were correlated with RBMT score changes. CONCLUSION: Moxibustion treatment improved memory in aMCI patients and was associated with the activation of the brain region of the insula, lingual gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus, postcentral gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and thalamus, which may be an important mechanism by which moxibustion improves the memory function.

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This is a cross-sectional descriptive study that investigates the mediating effect of humanism on the relationship between task performance and holistic nursing competence among clinical nurses. The participants were nurses with more than one year of work experience in general hospitals in South Korea, recruited using convenience sampling. A total of 227 data samples were collected. A self-reported questionnaire including the task performance competence scale, holistic nursing competence scale, and humanism scale was used for the survey. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression after checking for normal distribution. The results showed that task performance competence, holistic nursing competence, and humanism differed according to characteristics such as gender, age, educational level, marital status, position, length of career, and job and salary satisfaction. Task performance competence was positively correlated with holistic nursing competence and humanism. A positive correlation was also observed between holistic nursing competence and humanism. A partial mediating effect of humanism in the relationship between task performance competence and holistic nursing competence was confirmed. Thus, to increase nurses' holistic nursing competence, it is necessary to improve task performance competence and formulate a continuous and repetitive education program that includes humanism.

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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1048642.].

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Coaches and psychologists can use time-motion analysis to elaborate specific interventions for female BJJ athletes, increasing specific training context and reducing unnecessary psychological and physical demands and injuries. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze high-level BJJ female athletes in the 2020 Pan-American Games by comparing the weight categories on the time-motion analysis. The time-motion analysis (i.e., approach, gripping, attack, defensive actions, transition, mounting, guard, side control, and submissions) of 422 high-level female BJJ combats was divided and compared by weight category as follows: Rooster (n = 8), Light Feather (n = 18), Feather (n = 122), Light (n = 84), Middle (n = 74), Medium Heavy (n = 44), Heavy (n = 36), Super Heavy (n = 36), using p ≤ 0.05. The main results indicated that the Super heavyweight category [3.1 (5.8;119.9) s] had a shorter gripping time than other weight categories, p ≤ 0.05. In contrast, roosters [7.2 (3.5;64.6) s] had longer gripping, transition [14.0 (4.8;29.6) s], and attack time [76.2 (27.7, 93.2)] than the light feather, middlers, and heavier weight categories, p ≤ 0.05. These findings should be considered for the psychological interventions and training prescription.