RESUMEN
A 55-year-old woman was admitted for orthotopic heart transplantation. Her medical history was notable for multiple cardiovascular problems, including ischemic cardiomyopathy that necessitated circulatory support with a left ventricular assist device. Five weeks after undergoing orthotopic heart transplantation, she developed Aspergillus calidoustus mediastinitis, for which she underwent a prolonged course of antifungal treatment that comprised (in sequence) posaconazole for 11 days, voriconazole for 10 days, and amphotericin B for 42 days. During this period, she also underwent repeated mediastinal drainage and sternal débridement, followed by sternal wiring and coverage with bilateral pectoralis advancement flaps. Four months postoperatively, she was discharged from the hospital with a successfully controlled infection and a healed sternum. To our knowledge, only 3 previous cases of Aspergillus mediastinitis after orthotopic heart transplantation have been reported in the literature, none of which was Aspergillus calidoustus.
Asunto(s)
Aspergilosis/microbiología , Aspergillus/aislamiento & purificación , Trasplante de Corazón/efectos adversos , Mediastinitis/microbiología , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/microbiología , Anfotericina B/administración & dosificación , Antifúngicos/administración & dosificación , Aspergilosis/diagnóstico , Aspergilosis/terapia , Aspergillus/clasificación , Aspergillus/efectos de los fármacos , Terapia Combinada , Desbridamiento , Drenaje , Esquema de Medicación , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Mediastinitis/diagnóstico , Mediastinitis/terapia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reoperación , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/diagnóstico , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/terapia , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Triazoles/administración & dosificación , Voriconazol/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
As infecções decorrentes de cirúrgicas limpas são importantes por sua morbidade, mortalidade e como marcador de qualidade da assistência. O interesse na identificação de fatores de risco para infecções em pacientes cirúrgicos tem aumentado entre profissionais de saúde. Estudos nesse sentido tornam-se cada vez mais necessários, uma vez que as infecções cirúrgicas aumentam o período de hospitalização, os custos da assistência e o sofrimento do paciente. Cirurgias de correção de fraturas de fêmur são frequentes entre os procedimentos cirúrgicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar os aspectos epidemiológicos da infecção de sítio cirúrgico em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias limpas para correção de fraturas de fêmur. Estudo tipo coorte histórica, identificou os fatores de risco para infecção de sítio cirúrgico (ISC) em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias limpas para correção de fraturas de fêmur em um hospital de grande porte de Belo Horizonte. A coleta dos dados foi feita nos registros dos prontuários eletrônicos no período de julho de 2007a julho de 2009. Foram coletados dados referentes às características dos pacientes, dos procedimentos cirúrgicos e das infecções cirúrgicas. Os fatores de risco para infecção foram identificados por meio de testes estatísticos de hipóteses bilaterais, considerando nível de significância de 5%. As variáveis contínuas foram avaliadas por teste t de student. As variáveis categóricas foram analisadas por meio de teste de qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher, quando necessário. Para cada fator sob análise, foi obtida uma estimativa pontual e por intervalos de confiança de 95% para o risco relativo. Na última etapa do trabalho, foi realizada uma análise multivariada(regressão logística). Foram incluídos neste estudo 432 pacientes submetidos a cirurgias limpas de correção de fratura de fêmur. A taxa de incidência de ISC foi 4,9% e os fatores de risco identificados foram a presença de acidente vascular cerebral...
Infections resulting from surgical clean is important for its morbidity, mortality, and as a marker of quality of care. The interest in identifying risk factors for infections insurgical patients has increased among health professionals. Studies accordingly become increasingly necessary, since the surgical infections increase the length of hospitalization, cost of care and suffering of the patient. Surgery for correction of femoral fractures are frequent among surgical procedures. The objective of this work was to study the epidemiology of surgical site infection in patients undergoing clean surgery to correct fractures fêmur. Estudo historical cohort, identified the risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing surgery clean to fix fractures ofthe femur in a large hospital in Belo Horizonte. Data collection was made in there cords of electronic medical records from July 2007 to July 2009. We collected data on patient characteristics, surgical procedures and surgical infections. Risk factors for infection were identified through statistical hypothesis testing bilateral level of significance of 5%. Continuous variables were evaluated by Student's t test. Categorical variables were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher's exact test when necessary. For each factor under study, we obtained a point estimate and confidence intervals of 95% for the relative risk. In the last stage of this work, we performed a multivariate analysis (logistic regression). The study included 432 patients who underwent correction clean fracture of the femur. The incidence rate of SSI was 4.9%and the risk factors identified were the presence of stroke (odds ratio - OR = 5.0) and hospitalization until surgery over four days (OR = 3,3). We compared the risk of SSIby a surgeon. The prolongation of hospitalization of patients and increased risk of death were complications of ISC found. For this action will be required involving the...
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Factores de Riesgo , Fracturas del Fémur/clasificación , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/epidemiología , Profilaxis Antibiótica , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios de Cohortes , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/complicaciones , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Infection after aortic root replacement is uncommon, and it can be fatal. Herein, we present the case of a patient who underwent aortic root replacement with a valved conduit and coronary reimplantation. Prosthetic valve endocarditis and left ventricular cutaneous fistula ensued. Either condition alone could have been fatal. The fistula coursed from the valved conduit through the left ventricular outflow tract, behind the left main coronary artery, and to the skin at the upper sternum. Safe surgical entry into the chest was crucial, due to the free communication between the left ventricle, mediastinum, and skin. We discuss our surgical approach to this unusual combination of conditions, and the postoperative treatment of the patient.