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Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) significantly impacts the prognosis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), one of the most critical and increasing causes of vision loss in the Western world. Despite advancements in surgical instruments and techniques, the failure rate due to PVR remains substantial, necessitating additional surgeries and often leading to unsatisfactory visual outcomes. This comprehensive review explores the role of vitreoschisis-induced vitreous cortex remnants (VCR) as a critical, previously under-recognised factor contributing to PVR. Vitreoschisis, a phenomenon where the inner lamellae of the posterior vitreous cortex detach while the outermost layers remain attached to the retina, creates VCR that may contain hyalocytes and serve as scaffolds for fibrocellular proliferation. These remnants are difficult to visualise without triamcinolone acetonide (TA) staining, leading to their frequent lack of recognition in clinical practice. Moreover, removing VCR can be challenging and time-consuming, often requiring meticulous surgical techniques to avoid retinal damage and ensure complete elimination. This review consolidates insights from basic research and clinical practice, emphasising the importance of complete vitreous removal and effective VCR detection and removal to mitigate PVR risks. It highlights the histopathological and clinical evidence supporting the hypothesis that VCR, containing hyalocytes, play a pivotal role in preretinal membrane formation. The review also discusses epidemiological data, surgical management strategies and potential future directions, including improved visualisation techniques and the development of new surgical tools and methods. This review aims to improve surgical outcomes and reduce the frequency and burden of RRD-related complications by addressing VCR as a critical factor in PVR.

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors and prognostic factors that affect the long-term clinical outcomes of acute retinal necrosis (ARN). METHODS: A retrospective study of patients with ARN who underwent treatment and completed follow-up in our ophthalmology department from 2011 to 2021 was conducted. The incidence and risk factors of retinal detachment (RD) and prognostic factors affecting long-term clinical outcomes, such as late-onset RD and final vision loss (< 20/200), were analyzed. RESULTS: Totally 59 ARN patients (65 eyes) with an average follow-up of 48.9 months were enrolled. During the follow-up period, RD occurred in 34 eyes (52.3%). The risk factors for RD included quadrants of involved retinal necrosis (odds ratio [OR], 4.181; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.950-10.834) and initial intraocular viral load (OR, 1.721; 95% CI, 1.071-3.083). Early intravitreal antiviral treatment (OR, 1.204; 95% CI, 1.040-1.480) was independently associated with a decreased risk of late-onset RD. The factors independently associated with an increased risk of final vision loss were worse initial visual acuity (OR, 3.895; 95% CI, 1.551-13.662) and late-onset RD (OR, 8.043; 95% CI, 1.380-67.216). In addition, we utilized the fluctuating magnitude of viral load to quantify the extent of its reduction in comparison to its original value following the initial intravitreal antiviral injection (IAI). This ratio was strongly related to initial intraocular IL-8 concentration (Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.741, P = 0.000) and moderately related to the initial degree of aqueous flare (Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.508, P = 0.010). CONCLUSION: RD is a common and severe complication of ARN with multiple risk factors, such as initial retinitis involvement area and initial intraocular viral load. Active local antiviral therapy may reduce the risk of late-onset RD. The antiviral medication should be adjusted according to the inflammatory state. Therefore, timely detection of causative viruses and intensive systemic and local antiviral therapy is crucial for preserving visual function in ARN patients.

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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between visual function and macular microstructure in highly myopic patients undergoing surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). METHODS: Fifty-eight highly myopic patients treated in the Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital between December 2021 and September 2023 were selected as the research participants for retrospective analysis. All patients were complicated with RRD and underwent retinal reattachment surgery at Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital after diagnosis. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) examinations were performed before and 3 months after surgery, and visual field mean sensitivity (MS) and fixation stability (FS) were measured by microperimetry. Additionally, changes in postoperative macular microstructure and micro blood flow were determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and their correlations with visual function were analyzed. RESULTS: Patients showed reduced BCVA, MS, and FS after surgery (all P<0.05), with 70.69% of them presenting with macular microstructural changes, mainly ellipsoid zone disruption and external limiting membrane disruption. Patients with macular microstructural changes exhibited significantly decreased BCVA, MS, and FS than those without (all P<0.05). In terms of micro blood flow, the BCVA, FS, and MS of patients with macular microstructural changes were negatively correlated with the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area but were positively related to FAZ morphological index, PSCP, and VSCP (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Changes in patients' visual function after surgery for RRD can be effectively evaluated by observing the macular ellipsoid, the integrity of the external limiting membrane, and the alterations in micro-blood flow, enabling the formulation of early and targeted interventions.

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BACKGROUND: Cystoid macular edema (CME) can develop following silicone oil placement in complex vitreoretinal surgeries, contributing to poor visual outcomes. In this study, we investigated the clinical and surgical characteristics associated with the development of CME following the use of silicone oil (SO) in pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) surgeries. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent implantation of SO during PPV from 2010 to 2020 by a single surgeon. Patient demographics, type of oil, duration of oil tamponade, retinectomy size, diabetic status, lens status, prior panretinal photocoagulation, visual acuity, and incidence of CME were reviewed. RESULTS: This study included 43 eyes from 40 patients who underwent SO tamponade for retinal detachment (RD) surgery. The mean duration of SO tamponade was 15.7 ± 12.7 months (range: 1-58 months). The most common indication for surgery was diabetic tractional RD (32.7%), followed by traumatic RD (16.3%) and rhegmatogenous RD with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (11.6%). Of the 43 eyes, 18 (41.9%) developed CME for the first time after PPV with SO placement, with 8 (44%) resolving within a year of oil removal. The mean duration for the development of CME was 9 months. A logistic regression model showed that a scleral buckle procedure and poor initial vision were statistically significant factors for predicting the development of CME (ORs: 11.65 and 16.06, respectively). Overall, 91% of the patients had stable or improved vision after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a scleral buckle procedure and poor initial vision are significant factors for predicting CME following silicone oil tamponade in PPV surgeries, with 41.9% of patients developing CME with an average duration of 9 months. Recognizing such factors can lead to early monitoring and prompt management of CME. MEETING PRESENTATION: Partial analyses were presented at the ASRS 2020 conference. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

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Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a significant complication of retinal detachment surgery, characterized by the growth of fibrous membranes that can lead to recurrent retinal detachment and vision loss. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the latest advancements in the therapeutic approaches for PVR, encompassing historical perspectives, current surgical techniques, pharmacological interventions, biological and genetic therapies, and novel experimental treatments. Traditional surgical methods, such as vitrectomy, have been refined with advanced instrumentation and techniques to improve outcomes. Pharmacological treatments, including anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative agents, are being explored to prevent and manage PVR. Emerging therapies, such as stem cell and gene therapy, offer promising new avenues for treatment. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in preventing recurrence and improving long-term outcomes. This review highlights the progress made and identifies areas for future research, emphasizing the importance of continued innovation to enhance patient care and reduce the burden of PVR.

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Retinal detachment following ocular trauma (TrRD) is one of the leading causes of blindness and visual impairment worldwide. In the absence of a standardized definition, the diagnosis of traumatic retinal detachment relies on identifying a history of trauma that precedes the detachment. There is an increasing pool of data regarding the etiology and epidemiology of TrRD.Various causes of TrRD mentioned in the literature include work-related eye trauma in construction and manufacturing industries, sports injuries, explosive eye injuries, road traffic accidents, and intraocular foreign bodies. Although there is extensive literature on post-trauma retinal detachments, a comprehensive discussion of its pathogenesis, management, outcomes, and complications is lacking. This article offers an in-depth review of the epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of TrRD based on the current literature. A literature review was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords 'ocular trauma,' 'traumatic retinal detachments,' 'open globe injury,' 'closed globe injury,' and 'post-traumatic retinal detachment.'

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PURPOSE: To report the efficacy of Descemet's Membrane (DM) transplantation over the macular hole in patients with recurrent high myopic macular hole (HMMH) associated with retinal detachment (RD). METHODS: Six eyes of six patients with wide posterior staphyloma including MH and recurrent HMMH associated with RD were included to this retrospective study. All patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy and DM obtained from eye bank was placed over the macular hole during the surgery. Silicone oil endotamponade was used as endotamponade and removed within 6 months following surgery. Pre-operative and post-operative ophthalmologic examination and optical coherence tomography findings were recorded. RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 18.53 ± 7.36 months. Macular hole closure was achieved in all patients (100%). Best-corrected visual acuity was improved from 1.51 ± 0.55 logMAR to 1.08 ± 0.50 logMAR (p = 0.043). No complications due to surgery or DM during follow-up. No DM dislocation or hole re-opening occurred after surgery. CONCLUSION: DM transplantation during vitrectomy may be an effective treatment for the recurrent HMMH associated with RD. KEY MESSAGES: What is known Various surgical techniques have been tried for recurrent high myopic macular hole associated with retinal detachment, but satisfactory anatomical and functional success rates have still not been achieved. WHAT IS NEW: The study demonstrates that Descemet's membrane transplantation is a safe and effective option for treating recurrent high myopic macular hole associated with retinal detachment. This is a novel technique that may overcome the limitations of existing approaches. The findings suggest that Descemet's membrane transplantation could become a promising addition to the surgical options for recurrent high myopic macular hole associated with retinal detachment.

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BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT-4 and Google Gemini show potential for patient health education, but concerns about their accuracy require careful evaluation. This study evaluates the readability and accuracy of ChatGPT-4 and Google Gemini in answering questions about retinal detachment. METHODS: Comparative study analyzing responses from ChatGPT-4 and Google Gemini to 13 retinal detachment questions, categorized by difficulty levels (D1, D2, D3). Masked responses were reviewed by ten vitreoretinal specialists and rated on correctness, errors, thematic accuracy, coherence, and overall quality grading. Analysis included Flesch Readability Ease Score, word and sentence counts. RESULTS: Both Artificial Intelligence tools required college-level understanding for all difficulty levels. Google Gemini was easier to understand (p = 0.03), while ChatGPT-4 provided more correct answers for the more difficult questions (p = 0.0005) with fewer serious errors. ChatGPT-4 scored highest on most challenging questions, showing superior thematic accuracy (p = 0.003). ChatGPT-4 outperformed Google Gemini in 8 of 13 questions, with higher overall quality grades in the easiest (p = 0.03) and hardest levels (p = 0.0002), showing a lower grade as question difficulty increased. CONCLUSIONS: ChatGPT-4 and Google Gemini effectively address queries about retinal detachment, offering mostly accurate answers with few critical errors, though patients require higher education for comprehension. The implementation of AI tools may contribute to improving medical care by providing accurate and relevant healthcare information quickly.

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Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a severe disease of the visual organ that is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Without surgical treatment, RRD almost always leads to vision loss and blindness. Surgical treatment in the early stages of the disease reduces the risk of blindness. This article analyzes scientific publications reflecting the issues of prognosis and prevention of RRD. Literature analysis showed that there are few prognostic matrices in ophthalmology in general, and specifically related to RRD. Most prognostic matrices for RRD are aimed at preventing its recurrence and predicting the development or progression of peripheral vitreochorioretinal dystrophy in the operated or fellow eye. Building a prognostic matrix for the risk of occurrence and development of such a serious disease as RRD in adults will allow early prediction, enabling surgical treatment in the shortest possible time and positively influencing the functional outcome of treatment.

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Introduction: Maculopathy secondary to pathologic myopia (PM) is increasingly causing visual impairment and blindness worldwide. PM is associated with tractional maculopathy that ranges from macular foveoschisis to macular hole. These disorders are treated with different options that offer variable results, reflecting the need for new techniques that address myopic maculopathy with consistent outcomes. Methods: Since human amniotic membrane (HAM) has been reported to be safe for intraocular use and to promote retinal healing, it was incorporated as an adjuvant in pars plana vitrectomy in patients with different tractional disorders related to myopia. This work presents a prospective, consecutive case series of seven patients with high myopia who underwent a 25-gauge vitrectomy with ILM peeling and HAM transplantation. Results and Discussion: Our six-month results show that this novel technique delivers functional success related to tissue permanence without recurrence of traction that translates into visual acuity gain and maintenance that are superior to other techniques.

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PURPOSE: To determine the differential risk factors for retinal detachment (RD) after Boston Type 1 Keratoprosthesis (B1KPro) during the first year after surgery (early RD; ERD) and afterwards (late RD; LRD). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of 94 eyes (90 patients) undergoing B1KPro implantation at Centro de Oftalmología Barraquer from June 2006 to July 2022 with a minimum follow-up of one year. RESULTS: The incidence of RD in the whole sample after B1KPro implantation was 29% (27/94), occurring in 21% of eyes (ERD; 20/94) the first year, and in 7% afterwards (LRD; 7/94). Hypotony was revealed as a significant risk factor for ERD (16/19 = 84%; OR = 14.5, P < 0.0001), together with aphakia (16/20 = 80%; OR = 5.9, P = 0.004), intraocular lens (IOL) removal (4/8 = 50%; OR = 6.2, P = 0.03), previous choroidal detachment (CD; 7/20 = 35%; OR = 35.5, P = 0.001) and previous pars plana vitrectomy (PPV; 15/20 = 75%; OR = 6.6, P = 0.006). Multivariate analysis included hypotony and PPV at any time as variables significantly associated with ERD occurrence. The occurrence of LRD was significantly related to peripheral retinal changes, detected few days before (4/6 = 66%; OR = 65, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Hypotony emerged as one of the main factors influencing ERD occurrence after B1KPro implantation. Additionally, previous CD, PPV, aphakia, and IOL removal should be considered to estimate the risk of postoperative retinal detachment. In contrast, peripheral retinal changes after B1KPro seem to be significantly related to LRD occurrence. This study reinforces the need for frequent intraocular pressure evaluation, and comprehensive periodic retinal assessment over time. KEY MESSAGES: What is known Retinal detachment (RD) is a severe complication after Boston Type 1 Keratoprosthesis (B1KPro) implantation, resulting in a permanent reduction of visual acuity in a clinically relevant percentage of eyes. The time of RD occurrence after B1KPro implantation differs in the literature but is reported to be more common within the first year. Previous aphakia, choroidal detachment, or RD repair, intraocular lens removal, vitritis, or history of Nd-YAG laser have been described as risk factors for RD after B1KPro surgery in samples with varying follow-ups. WHAT IS NEW: Multivariate analysis in the first year after B1KPro surgery showed hypotony and pars plana vitrectomy at any time as significant risk factors for early RD. Late RD cases, occurring after one year following the B1KPro surgery, seem to be significantly related to peripheral retinal changes suffered a few days before loss of visual acuity and RD diagnosis. It is plausible to think that risk factors for RD after B1KPro differ in short and long postoperative times.

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PURPOSE: To compare the outcomes of ophthalmic surgical emergencies during shelter-in-place (SIP) order with the corresponding period in 2019. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study compared patients presenting to the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (BPEI) emergency department (ED) who underwent urgent surgery during the SIP period (March 23-May 17, 2020), compared to the same weeks in 2019 (non-SIP). Main outcome measures included symptom-to-ED time, ED-to-surgical decision time, surgical decision-to-operating room (OR) time, ED-to-OR time, and postoperative follow-up time. Secondary outcome measures included travel distance, visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and number of glaucoma medications. RESULTS: Seventy-six and 148 patients presented with ophthalmic surgical emergencies in the SIP and non-SIP study periods, respectively. Retinal detachment (RD), acute glaucoma, and open globe injury were the most common diagnoses in both periods. Symptom-to-ED and surgical decision-to-OR times were shorter during the SIP period. SIP patients had comparable preoperative VA but worse postoperative VA compared to non-SIP patients. During the SIP period, RD patients experienced postoperative VA reduction rather than improvement (+0.09 vs. -0.23 logMAR, p = 0.03); glaucoma patients were less likely to reach surgical decision within 24 h (OR 0.16 [95% CI 0.03-0.95]); and globe injuries had longer ED-to-surgical decision time and ED-to-OR time compared to the non-SIP period. Other outcomes were similar between both study periods. CONCLUSION: There was reduced volume of ophthalmic surgical emergencies and worse postoperative vision during SIP compared to the non-SIP period, despite shorter symptom-to-ED and surgical decision-to-OR times suggesting minimal delays in seeking or receiving care.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the XEN-Stent for managing unresponsive to medical therapy secondary glaucoma after silicone oil (SO) removal. METHODS: This retrospective chart reviewed 12 patients who underwent vitrectomy and SO endotamponade. They experienced intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation after SO removal despite taking the maximum tolerated glaucoma medication. Eleven eyes underwent an XEN-implant, while 1 underwent an XEN-implant with phacoemulsification/IOL implantation. The primary outcome was to achieve success criteria: IOP <18 mmHg and >20% IOP reduction without medication (complete success) or with medication (qualified success) and without a secondary IOP-lowering procedure. IOP, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and the number of glaucoma medications (Glaucoma Medication Score-GMS) were recorded at baseline, 1 day, 1 week, 1 (M1), 3 (M3), 6 (M6), and 12 (M12) months postoperatively. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics included males percentage 66.6%, mean age of 61.8 ± 5.7 years, BCVA 0.69 ± 0.3 logMAR, IOP 30 ± 4.2 mmHg, and GMS 3.1 ± 0.5. There was a significant reduction in IOP by 14 ± 1.9 mmHg and GMS by 0.27 ± 0.6 at M12 compared to baseline (p < 0.01), but no significant change in BCVA (p = 0.21). Complete success dropped to 50% (M3), rising to 75% (M6, M12) after needling. Two patients achieved qualified success at M12. Needling was performed in 6 eyes, with 3 requiring a second procedure. Ex-PRESS was required in 1 eye. One eye experienced hypotony and hyphema, which resolved within a week. CONCLUSION: XEN implant may be an initial treatment for persistent post SO removal glaucoma with minimal complications. Needling procedures can help maintain or restore surgical success.

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BACKGROUND: In the past few decades, the primary management for uveal melanoma has evolved from enucleation to eye-preserving treatments. However, despite achieving a high rate of local tumour control, complications following eye-preserving treatments still occur and are partly responsible for functional loss and secondary enucleation. METHODS: A literature review by a broad international panel. RESULTS: We summarised the current literature on utilizing vitreoretinal (VR) surgery for managing the complications of uveal melanoma. We also provided insights from the authors' personal experience and practical recommendations for clinical care. CONCLUSIONS: With the advancement of VR instruments and surgical techniques and the combination of VR and ocular oncology knowledge ("Onco-VR"), it is now possible to manage or even prevent complications such as vitreous haemorrhage, retinal detachment, and toxic tumour syndrome.

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Background: Perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) revolutionized retinal detachment (RD) management in vitreoretinal surgery but introduced unique risks. Complications like subretinal migration are documented, yet specific warnings for macular hole (MH) formation during PFCL injection are lacking. Case presentation: In a rhegmatogenous RD case, a localized retinal dimpling during PFCL jet stream injection, preceded subsequent complications-an immediate MH and subretinal PFCL migration. Subsequently, an internal limiting membrane peeling with PFCL mobilization was performed.successfully managed the situation. Post-surgery, optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed a closed MH with improved vision. Conclusion: This case report not only sheds light on a previously undocumented complication associated with PFCL injection but also underscores the critical need for adherence to proper injection technique to minimize traumatic effects. Understanding the mechanism underlying this complication and implementing corrective measures are essential for enhancing intraoperative strategies and minimizing adverse outcomes in retinal surgeries involving PFCL.

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Cat-scratch disease (CSD) is a self-limited disease caused by Bartonella henselae, a fastidious gram-negative intracellular bacillus bacterium. Neuroretinitis, a form of optic neuropathy characterised clinically by optic disc swelling and a macular star, is an uncommon manifestation of CSD occurring in approximately 1-2% of cases. We report a case of a 14-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of acute painless vision loss described as a large black spot in the centre of her right eye vision 2 weeks after being scratched by cats. Fundus examination revealed Frisen grade 5 disc oedema with an atypically diffuse disc and peripapillary haemorrhages with associated subretinal fluid and a macular star in the right eye. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macula and retinal nerve fibre layer showed subretinal fluid involving the fovea, a serous retinal detachment of the nasal macula, and significant optic disc oedema in the right eye. The patient was admitted and treated with doxycycline, rifampin, and prednisone taper. After completing the treatment course, the patient's vision improved, fundus examination showed significantly improved disc oedema and haemorrhages, and OCT demonstrated resolution of the subretinal fluid in the right eye.

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Purpose: To evaluate optical-coherence-tomography (OCT)-morphological and clinical parameters three years after primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair surgery and the role of postoperative foveal bulge sign. Methods: Of the 32 initially enrolled patients with primary RRD 20 (14 fovea-on, 6 fovea-off) completed this prospective study. Preoperatively and 3 years after surgery best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCT including macula status, central retinal thickness (CRT), central choroidal thickness (CCT), thickness of each single retinal layer, integrity of cone-interdigitation-zone (CIZ) and ellipsoid zone (EZ), and presence of foveal bulge were evaluated. Results: Preoperatively fovea-off RRD patients show significantly thinner CCT, inner nuclear layer (INL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL) compared to fovea-on RRD patients, whereas only IPL and INL were significantly thicker compared to the fellow eye. Three years after surgery this thickening recovered. Final BCVA did not differ statistically significantly between fovea-off and fovea-on patients, no difference in CIZ-integrity or presence of foveal bulge was observed. Presence of foveal bulge at 3 years showed significantly better final BCVA and was associated with intact preoperative CIZ-integrity and postoperative EZ- and CIZ-integrity. The preoperative fovea status showed no correlation to the postoperative presence of foveal bulge. Conclusion: Three years after RRD repair retinal layers show similar thickness. The presence of foveal bulge is associated with better final BCVA. Sufficient pre- and postoperative CIZ-integrity as well as postoperative CIZ-integrity seem to be strongly associated with the restoration of foveal bulge. No correlation was found with the preoperative macular status or BCVA.

We analyzed long-term optical-coherence-tomography changes after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair. Three years after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair retinal layers show similar thickness and visual acuity did not differ between fovea off and fovea on patients. The restoration of foveal bulge sign was the most important factor for good postoperative visual acuity. Integrity of specific retinal layers, such as the ellipsoid zone and cone-interdigitation-zone, seems to be strongly associated with the restoration of the foveal bulge.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the frequency of retinal detachments following prophylactic transpupillary retinopexy (PTPRP). METHODS: The medical records of dogs that received a PTPRP between 2014 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed for age, sex, breed, reason for retinopexy, laser power setting, number of retinal burns, follow-up duration, and outcome. Laser power settings were increased until retinal burns could be visualized and were made 360° in a double row in the peripheral retina. RESULTS: Fifty-seven cases (75 eyes), 28 males and 29 females, had PTPRP performed. The median age was 8 years (4 months-14 years) with Shih tzu (n = 12), Bichon (n = 5), Miniature Poodle (n = 5), and Yorkie (n = 4) being the most common breeds. PTPRP were performed due to severe vitreal degeneration (n = 66), retinal detachment in the contralateral eye (n = 25), capsular tear with escaped lens material during phacoemulsification (n = 6), intracapsular lens extraction (n = 2), and lens luxation during phacoemulsification (n = 3). The median power setting, number of retinal burns, and follow-up time were 300 mW (201-595 mW), 210 burns (35-921 burns), and 473 days (14-1862 days), respectively. Additionally, five patients had a barrier-pexy performed in the contralateral eye, due to partial detachment. Retinal detachment occurred in 3/75 (4.0%) of eyes that received a PTPRP at the final examination. Of the patients with a detachment in the contralateral eye (n = 25), no detachment was noted at the last follow-up examination. Two partial detachments that had barrier-pexies had progressed at the final examination. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that PTPRP may be beneficial in decreasing the risk of retinal detachment in selected cases.

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PURPOSE: To assess long-term re-detachment rates of the Pneumatic Retinopexy versus Vitrectomy for the Management of Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Outcomes Randomized Trial (PIVOT). DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SUBJECTS: PIVOT trial participants METHODS: This study was performed at St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada. PIVOT trial participants, with a minimum follow-up of two years, who had undergone either pneumatic retinopexy or ppv for rrd repair were assessed for long-term re-detachment by chart review or telephone interview. The latter was the only accepted method for those with less than two years of follow-up. Patients were only eligible if no re-intervention to reattach the retina was performed within the first year of the initial procedure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Long-term re-detachment rates for pneumatic retinopexy versus ppv following RRD repair. RESULTS: 61 ppv participants and 62 pneumatic retinopexy participants were analyzed. The long-term re-detachment rate was 0% and 1.61% (1/62) in the ppv and pneumatic retinopexy groups, respectively (p= 0.32). The mean follow-up duration in years was 5.43+/-3.60 versus 5.51+/-3.03 in the ppv and pnr groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: There was no statistically significant difference in long-term re-detachment rates for pneumatic retinopexy vs ppv. Both procedures are durable treatment options for rrd over an extended period, rarely requiring additional intervention for re-detachment.