RESUMEN
Food and diet are central aspects of diabetes self-management but the relevance of social networks for the way people are supported in their management of type 2 diabetes is often under-acknowledged. In this article, we aimed to explore the coalescences between these two phenomena among people with type 2 diabetes to increase knowledge of interactions within social network related to daily diet. The article is based on 125 qualitative interviews with individuals with type 2 diabetes from five European countries. Based on assumptions that people with chronic illnesses reshape relationships through negotiation, we analyzed negotiations of food at different levels of network. The respondents' reflections indicate that there are complex negotiations that influence self-management and food, including support, knowledge, and relationships within families; attention and openness in social situations; and the premises and norms of society.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/psicología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Dieta/psicología , Negociación/psicología , Autocuidado/psicología , Apoyo Social , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedad Crónica , Ambiente , Europa (Continente) , Conducta Alimentaria/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Investigación Cualitativa , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
Experiences and constructions of menarche and menstruation are shaped by the sociocultural environment in which women are embedded. We explored experiences and constructions of menarche and menstruation among migrant and refugee women resettled in Sydney, Australia, and Vancouver, Canada. Seventy-eight semistructured individual interviews and 15 focus groups comprised of 82 participants were undertaken with women from Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Sri Lanka, and varying South American countries. We analyzed the data using thematic decomposition, identifying the overall theme "cycles of shame" and two core themes. In "becoming a woman," participants constructed menarche as a marker of womanhood, closely linked to marriage and childbearing. In "the unspeakable," women conveyed negative constructions of menstruation, positioning it as shameful, something to be concealed, and polluting. Identifying migrant and refugee women's experiences and constructions of menarche and menstruation is essential for culturally safe medical practice, health promotion, and health education.
Asunto(s)
Menarquia/psicología , Menstruación/psicología , Refugiados/psicología , Vergüenza , Estigma Social , Migrantes/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Afganistán , Australia , Canadá , Femenino , Grupos Focales , Humanos , Irak , Investigación Cualitativa , Somalia , América del Sur , Sudán del Sur , Sri Lanka , Sudán , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Although there is increased understanding of language barriers in cross-language studies, the point at which language transformation processes are applied in research is inconsistently reported, or treated as a minor issue. Differences in translation timeframes raise methodological issues related to the material to be translated, as well as for the process of data analysis and interpretation. In this article we address methodological issues related to the timing of translation from Portuguese to English in two international cross-language collaborative research studies involving researchers from Brazil, Canada, and the United States. One study entailed late-phase translation of a research report, whereas the other study involved early phase translation of interview data. The timing of translation in interaction with the object of translation should be considered, in addition to the language, cultural, subject matter, and methodological competencies of research team members.
Asunto(s)
Barreras de Comunicación , Lenguaje , Investigación Cualitativa , Proyectos de Investigación/normas , Traducción , Canadá , Humanos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
This article brings together two American qualitative researchers and two Vietnamese interpreters who investigated the social impacts of HIV/AIDS in Vietnam from the standpoint of the local community. As cultural outsiders with limited Vietnamese language skills, the researchers relied on the insights and expertise of the interpreters to the extent that interpreter roles expanded to become co-researchers. We explain the guidelines we used to work in partnership in the field. We then describe how the relationship between researcher and interpreter developed into co-researching, and how we utilized this relationship to respond to challenges in the work. Despite an increasing number of international qualitative studies, little research has focused on the nuances of a working partnership between researcher and interpreter, and few studies include interpreters as co-researchers. This article contributes to an understanding of how the researcher-interpreter relationship impacts the voice of the participant and, ultimately, the final outcomes of the project.