RESUMEN
Renicolid digeneans are frequently observed in the renal tubules and ureters of seabirds, such Puffinus puffinus, a migratory species distributed along the Brazilian coast. However, few studies have focused on the relationship between renicolid infection and health status in P. puffinus. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe (i) renal and systemic alterations, (ii) the renicolids and (iii) the biological aspects associated with the presence of renicolids in P. puffinus. Gross and histological assays were performed in 93 P. puffinus stranded on the Paraná coast, southern Brazil, and renicolids were submitted to morphological and molecular assays. A high prevalence of renicolids in P. puffinus (71/93) was observed. In the kidney, the main microscopic findings were lymphocytic interstitial infiltrate, ductal ectasia and tubular necrosis. The renal lesions were significantly associated with the parasite infection. The morphological (n = 84) and molecular analyses (n = 2) confirmed the species as Renicola sloanei (100% and 95.9% of nucleotide identity with R. sloanei strains from P. puffinus and from Spheniscus demersus, respectively). In both parasitized and non-parasitized animals, cardiac and skeletal muscle degeneration and necrosis were the most frequent systemic changes. Therefore, the results suggest renicolids being a possible cause for the demonstrated renal alterations. A contribution of this parasite to a decreased health status of Puffinus puffinus along their migratory route is possible.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de las Aves/parasitología , Aves/parasitología , Riñón/patología , Trematodos , Infecciones por Trematodos/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de las Aves/patología , Brasil , Riñón/parasitología , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Miocardio/patología , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos , Carga de Parásitos , Filogenia , Trematodos/anatomía & histología , Trematodos/clasificación , Trematodos/genética , Infecciones por Trematodos/parasitología , Infecciones por Trematodos/patologíaRESUMEN
Abstract Iraqi propolis (PR) have powerful antioxidants, free radical scavenger and anti-inflammatory constituents makes it to have a protective effect on renal function. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible protective effect of Iraqi propolis (PR) on renal toxicity induced by Carbimazole (CB) and levothyroxine (TR) in rats. Forty-two adult female albino rats randomized into six groups: control, PR, CB, TR, PR + CB and PR +TR. Rats orally treated by gavage for six weeks. Haematological and histopathological analyses performed. A significant increase in hemoglobin percentage, RBC count and Haematocrit percentage after exposure to PR + CB and PR + TR combinations compared to control. CB dose of 0.01mg /g for six weeks causes renal damage in female rats and TR dose of 0.1µg/g for six weeks causes renal degenerative effects. Rats treated with PR+TR show normal appearance in kidney tissue, glomeruli and renal tubules compared to thyroxin group alone. In addition, PR+ CB treatment show more improvement in renal tissue, normal glomeruli and renal tubules compared to CB alone. It is concluded that PR combination with CB or TR might have an effect on the blood, further studies needed to confirm this effect on human to be used for anemia accompanied thyroid disruptions. In addition, further studies needed to confirm renal protective effect on human to be used for this effect.
RESUMEN
Renal fibrosis is characterized by glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis and its pathogenesis is associated with the activity of mesenchymal cells (fibroblasts), being essentially characterized by a process of excessive accumulation resulting from the deposition of extracellular matrix components. The aim of this study was to characterize the morphological presentation of chronic and fibrotic lesions in the glomerular, tubular, interstitial, and vascular compartments in feline CKD, as well as the possible participation of myofibroblasts in renal fibrotic processes in this species. Cat kidneys were collected and processed according to the conventional techniques for light microscopy, circular polarization, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Fibrotic alterations were present in all compartments analyzed. The main findings in the glomerular compartment were different degrees of glomerular sclerosis, synechia formation, Bowman's capsule calcification, in addition to glomerular basement membrane thickening and pericapsular fibrosis. The tubulointerstitial compartment had intense tubular degeneration and the immunostaining in tubular cells for mesenchymal cell markers demonstrated the possibility of mesenchymal epithelial transition and consequent involvement of myofibroblasts in the development of interstitial tubule damage. Infiltration of inflammatory cells, added to vessel thickening and fibrosis, demonstrated the severity and role of inflammation in the development and perpetuation of damage. Thus, we may conclude that fibrotic lesions play a relevant role in feline CKD and the mechanism of perpetuation of these lesions need further elucidation regarding the origin and participation of myofibroblasts and consequent mesenchymal epithelial transition in this species.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/patología , Riñón/patología , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/veterinaria , Actinas/ultraestructura , Animales , Gatos , Colágeno/ultraestructura , Matriz Extracelular/ultraestructura , Femenino , Fibroblastos/ultraestructura , Fibrosis/veterinaria , Inmunohistoquímica/métodos , Inmunohistoquímica/veterinaria , Inflamación/veterinaria , Riñón/ultraestructura , Glomérulos Renales/patología , Glomérulos Renales/ultraestructura , Masculino , Microscopía/métodos , Microscopía/veterinaria , Microscopía Confocal/veterinaria , Microscopía Electrónica/veterinaria , Microscopía de Polarización/veterinaria , Miofibroblastos/ultraestructura , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/patologíaRESUMEN
Visceral leishmaniasis affects various organs including the kidneys; which can lead to renal failure and death. In order to verify this renal involvement, material was evaluated from 100 dogs naturally infected and with serological diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Inflammatory changes were present in 25.3% of the tubules, in 67.0% of interstitium and in 52.0% of glomeruli. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the presence of glomerulonephritis in symptomatic and oligosymptomatic dogs. The membranous and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis were the most frequent, both with 18.0% frequency, followed by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with 14.0%. Changes such as cylindruria, tubular and fibrosis hypertrophy, periglomerular inflammatory infiltrate, and multifocal and diffuse peritubular inflammatory infiltrate were observed. The findings are consistent with those of other authors indicating that renal involvement is common in CVL and the standards of membranous and membranoploriferative glomerulonephritis, as well as the tubulointerstitial involvement, are frequent.
A leishmaniose visceral acomete vários órgãos entre eles os rins; o que pode levar a insuficiência renal e a morte. Com o objetivo de verificar este acometimento renal foram avaliados materiais de 100 cães naturalmente infectados e com diagnósticos sorológicos de leishmaniose visceral canina - LVC. As alterações inflamatórias estavam presentes em 25,3% dos túbulos, em 67,0% do interstício e em 52,0% dos glomérulos. Não houve diferença significativa (p > 0,05) entre a presença de glomerulonefrite em cães sintomáticos e oligossintomáticos. As glomerulonefrites membranosa e membrano proliferativa foram as mais freqüentes, ambas com 18,0% de freqüência seguidas da glomeruloesclerose segmentar e focal com 14,0%. Foram observadas alterações como cilindrúria, hipertrofia tubular e fibrose e infiltrados inflamatórios periglomerulares e peritubulares multifocais e difusos. Os achados concordam com os de outros autores indicando que o acometimento renal é comum na LVC e que os padrões de glomerulonefrites membranoploriferativa e membranosa; assim como o acometimento tubulointersticial são freqüentes.