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1.
Data Brief ; 57: 110953, 2024 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39381013

RESUMEN

The earthquake in Ecuador on 16 April 2016 generated large volumes of debris and waste. This dataset contains data on recovered and reused disaster materials. Data were collected through a census survey of the scrap dealers of earthquake 2016 debris and waste (n = 62). This dataset was compiled to demonstrate how earthquake waste was generated during the 2016 earthquake and compare it with the pre-disaster period 2015 and the 2019 current when the data were collected. The recovered disaster materials include plastic, metal, cardboard, paper, glass, other recyclable materials, and reused materials. Likewise, the database allows us to observe the time response of medium- and small-sized scrap businesses as scrap dealers engage in the commercial transaction of disaster materials, and this dataset shows the process phases of recovering disaster waste. In addition, the dataset includes profit perceptions and factual earnings from scrap businesses after an earthquake. Considering the significant volume of waste and debris generated, this database can provide useful data for evaluating disaster waste management as an important task in post-disaster recovery.

2.
Front Immunol ; 14: 1078922, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36969257

RESUMEN

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is characterized by a range of symptoms in which host immune response have been associated with disease progression. However, the putative role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in determining COVID-19 outcomes has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we compared peripheral Tregs between volunteers not previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 (healthy control [HC]) and volunteers who recovered from mild (Mild Recovered) and severe (Severe Recovered) COVID-19. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 synthetic peptides (Pool Spike CoV-2 and Pool CoV-2) or staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Results of a multicolor flow cytometric assay showed higher Treg frequency and expression of IL-10, IL-17, perforin, granzyme B, PD-1, and CD39/CD73 co-expression in Treg among the PBMC from the Mild Recovered group than in the Severe Recovered or HC groups for certain SARS-CoV-2 related stimulus. Moreover, Mild Recovered unstimulated samples presented a higher Tregs frequency and expression of IL-10 and granzyme B than did that of HC. Compared with Pool CoV-2 stimuli, Pool Spike CoV-2 reduced IL-10 expression and improved PD-1 expression in Tregs from volunteers in the Mild Recovered group. Interestingly, Pool Spike CoV-2 elicited a decrease in Treg IL-17+ frequency in the Severe Recovered group. In HC, the expression of latency-associated peptide (LAP) and cytotoxic granule co-expression by Tregs was higher in Pool CoV-2 stimulated samples. While Pool Spike CoV-2 stimulation reduced the frequency of IL-10+ and CTLA-4+ Tregs in PBMC from volunteers in the Mild Recovered group who had not experienced certain symptoms, higher levels of perforin and perforin+granzyme B+ co-expression by Tregs were found in the Mild Recovered group in volunteers who had experienced dyspnea. Finally, we found differential expression of CD39 and CD73 among volunteers in the Mild Recovered group between those who had and had not experienced musculoskeletal pain. Collectively, our study suggests that changes in the immunosuppressive repertoire of Tregs can influence the development of a distinct COVID-19 clinical profile, revealing that a possible modulation of Tregs exists among volunteers of the Mild Recovered group between those who did and did not develop certain symptoms, leading to mild disease.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Linfocitos T Reguladores , Humanos , COVID-19/metabolismo , Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Granzimas/metabolismo , Interleucina-17/metabolismo , Leucocitos Mononucleares , Perforina/metabolismo , Receptor de Muerte Celular Programada 1/metabolismo , SARS-CoV-2
3.
Membranes (Basel) ; 12(6)2022 May 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35736266

RESUMEN

Valorization of by-products obtained from food processing has achieved an important environmental impact. In this research, sunflower wax recovered from oil refining process was incorporated to low and high-methoxyl pectin films produced by electrospraying. Film-forming solutions and wax-added electrosprayed films were physical and structurally evaluated. The addition of sunflower wax to the film-forming solutions reduces conductivity while raising surface tension and density, whereas the type of pectin had a larger impact on viscosity, with the low-methoxyl solution having the highest value. These changes in physical solution properties influenced the film characteristics, observing thicker films with lower water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) when adding wax. Micrographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the presence of wax particles as small spherical shapes, having a good distribution through the sectional area of films. According to X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and mechanical properties analyses, the presence of wax had an impact on the degree of crystallinity, producing a more amorphous and rougher film's structure, without affecting the elongation percentage and the tensile stress (p>0.05). These results showed that wax addition improves the physical properties of films, while the suitability of using both pectins and the electrospraying technique was demonstrated.

4.
Chaos Solitons Fractals ; 156: 111844, 2022 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35125676

RESUMEN

In response to the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, several companies across the world have proposed a wide variety of vaccines of different mechanisms of action. As a consequence, a new scenario of multiple imperfect vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 arose. Mathematical modeling needs to consider this complex situation with different vaccines, some of them with two required doses. Using compartmental models we can simplify, simulate and most importantly, answer questions related to the development of the outbreak and the vaccination campaign. We present a model that addresses the current situation of COVID-19 and vaccination. Two important questions were considered in this paper: are more vaccines useful to reduce the spread of the coronavirus? How can we know if the vaccination campaign is sufficient? Two sensitivity criteria are helpful to answer these questions. The first criterion is the Multiple Vaccination Theorem, which indicates whether a vaccine is giving a positive or negative impact on the reproduction number. The second result (Insufficiency Theorem) provides a condition to answer the second question. Finally, we fitted the parameters with data and discussed the empirical results of six countries: Israel, Germany, the Czech Republic, Portugal, Italy, and Lithuania.

5.
J Med Microbiol ; 71(1)2022 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35099368

RESUMEN

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is transmitted person-to-person mainly by close contact or droplets from respiratory tract. However, the actual time of viral shedding is still uncertain as well as the different routes of transmission. We aimed to characterize RNA shedding from nasopharyngeal and rectal samples in prolonged cases of mild COVID-19 in young male soldiers. Seventy patients from three different military locations were monitored after recommending to follow more strict isolation measures to prevent the spread of the virus. Then, nasopharyngeal, rectal, and blood samples were taken. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected by RT-PCR and specific antibodies by chemiluminescent immunoassays. The median nucleic acid conversion time (NACT) was 60 days (IQR: 7-85 days). Rectal swabs were taken in 60 % of patients. Seven patients (10 %) were positive in nasopharyngeal and rectal swabs, and five (7.14 %) remained positive in rectal swabs, but negative in nasopharyngeal samples. Four patients (5.71 %) that had been discharged, were positive again after 15 days. No significant difference was found in nucleic acid conversion time between age groups nor clinical classification. Maintaining distancing among different positive patients is essential as a possible re-exposure to the virus could cause a longer nucleic acid conversion time in SARS-COV-2 infections.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , COVID-19 , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , ARN Viral/análisis , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/prevención & control , Brotes de Enfermedades , Humanos , Masculino , Personal Militar , SARS-CoV-2 , Esparcimiento de Virus
6.
J Echocardiogr ; 20(1): 51-56, 2022 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34648149

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has been associated with subclinical myocardial dysfunction during its acute phase and a recurring pattern of reduced basal left ventricular longitudinal strain on speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) in hospitalized patients. But a question still remains unanswered: speckle-tracking echocardiography might also be suitable to detect residual myocardial involvement after acute stage of COVID-19? METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 100 patients recovered from COVID-19 with STE to evaluate global (GLS) and segmentar longitudinal strain (LS) and compared with a control group of 100 healthy individuals. STE was performed at a median of 130.35 ± 76.06 days after COVID-19 diagnostic. Demographic and echocardiographic parameters are similar in both groups. Left ventricular ejection faction (LVEF) and GLS were normal in COVID-19 patients (66.20 ± 1.98% and - 19.51 ± 2.87%, respectively). A reduction in mean LS for the basal segments was found in COVID-19 (16.48 ± 5.41%) when compared to control group (19.09 ± 4.31%) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that COVID-19-induced cardiac involvement could persist after recovery of the disease and may be detected by deformation abnormalities using STE. COVID-19-induced myocardial involvement often shows specific LV deformation patterns due to pronounced edema and/or myocardial damage in basal LV segments.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda , COVID-19/complicaciones , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/etiología , Función Ventricular Izquierda
7.
Life (Basel) ; 11(11)2021 Oct 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34833028

RESUMEN

Due to its leading role in fighting infections, the human immune system has been the focus of many studies in the context of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In a worldwide effort, the scientific community has transitioned from reporting about the effects of the novel coronavirus on the human body in the early days of the pandemic to exploring the body's many immunopathological and immunoprotecting properties that have improved disease treatment and enabled the development of vaccines. The aim of this review is to explain what happens to the immune system after recovery from COVID-19 and/or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the disease. We detail the way in which the immune system responds to a SARS-CoV-2 infection, including innate and adaptive measures. Then, we describe the role of vaccination, the main types of COVID-19 vaccines and how they protect us. Further, we explain the reason why immunity after COVID-19 infection plus a vaccination appears to induce a stronger response compared with virus exposure alone. Additionally, this review reports some correlates of protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. In conclusion, we reinforce that vaccination is safe and important in achieving herd immunity.

8.
J Environ Manage ; 287: 112292, 2021 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33690014

RESUMEN

This paper presents the experimental results obtained after incorporating the recovered Carbon Black (rCB) produced in an industrial-scale waste tire pyrolysis plant into a Natural Rubber (NR) formulation. The purpose of this study is to increase the technical knowledge on the use of rCB as a sustainable raw material in the rubber industry. The rCB and virgin Carbon Black (vCB) (ref. N550) under study were characterized using elemental and proximate analyses, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used, and different measures, including the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area (SBET), particle size distribution (PSD), specific gravity, and pH, were estimated. The effect of rCB incorporation on the rheological, thermal, structural, and mechanical properties of the NR composites was assessed and compared to those obtained with vCB alone. The NR composites were prepared using different loads of vCB (20, 30, 40, and 50 phr), which was also replaced with rCB at different proportions (0, 50, and 100%). According to the characterization results, rCB offers lower reinforcement properties than vCB, which is attributable to its higher volatile matter and ash contents, higher apparent PSD, lower presence of acidic functional groups, and lower SBET. Despite this, interesting performances can be achieved when rCB is partially incorporated into the formulations or by increasing its load in the composites. For instance, when 50% of vCB was replaced with rCB, the values of the aforementioned properties were found to be between those obtained with the NR composites prepared with vCB and rCB. In addition, when increasing the rCB loading, some properties matched the behavior exhibited by vCB alone, thus compensating for the low reinforcement properties of rCB. These results are expected to provide an important impetus to move towards circular economy strategies having very positive impacts from the sustainable perspective.


Asunto(s)
Pirólisis , Hollín , Carbono , Residuos Industriales , Goma
9.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33327641

RESUMEN

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a highly contagious infectious disease that has caused many deaths worldwide. Despite global efforts, it continues to cause great losses, and leaving multiple unknowns that we must resolve in order to face the pandemic more effectively. One of the questions that has arisen recently is what happens, after recovering from COVID-19. For this reason, the objective of this study is to identify the risk of presenting persistent symptoms in recovered from COVID-19. This case-control study was conducted in one state of Mexico. Initially the data were obtained from the participants, through a questionnaire about symptoms that they had at the moment of the interview. Initially were captured the collected data, to make a dataset. After the pre-processed using the R project tool to eliminate outliers or missing data. Obtained finally a total of 219 participants, 141 recovered and 78 controls. It was used confidence level of 90% and a margin of error of 7%. From results it was obtained that all symptoms have an associated risk in those recovered. The relative risk of the selected symptoms in the recovered patients goes from 3 to 22 times, being infinite for the case of dyspnea, due to the fact that there is no control that presents this symptom at the moment of the interview, followed by the nausea and the anosmia with a RR of 8.5. Therefore, public health strategies must be rethought, to treat or rehabilitate, avoiding chronic problems in patients recovered from COVID-19.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19/diagnóstico , Adulto , COVID-19/fisiopatología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Enfermedad Crónica , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
10.
J Food Sci ; 85(9): 2866-2878, 2020 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32790192

RESUMEN

The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity of recovered sunflower waxes (RW) to be used as a structuring agent of oleogel emulsions in comparison with commercial sunflower waxes (CW). RW were recovered from filter cake with a simple hexane extraction procedure. For this purpose, oleogel-based emulsions were prepared using 2%, 3.5%, and 5% w/w wax in oleogel and characterized using several physicochemical techniques in order to evaluate the potential of these materials to develop products with functionality similar to commercial margarines. The total wax esters content of RW was similar to that of the CW and was mainly composed of wax esters with more than 44 carbon atoms (crystallizable waxes). Polarized light and scanning electron microscopy showed that RW produced emulsions with more intricate crystalline networks composed of smaller platelets than CW. The melting enthalpy was greater in CW emulsions than RW emulsions, which was in agreement with the thermal behavior found for CW and RW. The oil binding capacity of CW oleogel emulsions was higher than the RW ones, and this property improved with the increase in wax concentration. Likewise, the elastic behavior, as well as hardness and adhesiveness, increased with the wax content as a result of a greater amount of microstructural elements composing the network of these semisolid materials. The oleogel emulsions stability was monitored for 2 months at room temperature. The increase of CW concentration slowed down the coalescence process, but this behavior was not observed for RW emulsions. Obtained results demonstrated that RW oleogel emulsions have the potential to replace the functionality of soft spreadable products. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Wax esters are organogelators that have been shown to successfully gel liquid oil at low concentrations. In this work, we are interested in evaluating the potential of sunflower waxes recovered from filter cake, a waste generated during refined oil production, to structure oil and produce oil-in-water emulsions with functionality similar to commercial margarines. With this, it is sought not only the development of healthier fats but also the use of wastes to generate more sustainable products.


Asunto(s)
Helianthus/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Ceras/química , Emulsiones/química , Ésteres/química , Margarina/análisis , Compuestos Orgánicos/química , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Ceras/aislamiento & purificación
11.
s.l; s.n; 4 maio 2020. ilus.
No convencional en Portugués | LILACS, BRISA/RedTESA | ID: biblio-1099490

RESUMEN

CONTEXTO: Conforme classificação da OMS, a COVID-19 é uma pandemia de risco muito alto a nível global. Até o momento não existem terapias específicas para a doença, embora diferentes alternativas, incluindo o uso de plasma de pacientes recuperados, estejam em investigação. OBJETIVOS: Identificar, avaliar sistematicamente e sumarizar as melhores evidências científicas disponíveis sobre a eficácia e a segurança do uso de plasma de pacientes recuperados para COVID-19. MÉTODOS: Revisão sistemática rápida (rapid review methodology). RESULTADOS: Após o processo de seleção, 55 estudos foram incluídos: 15 estudos com resultados e 40 estudos clínicos em andamento. Os estudos evidenciaram que o plasma de paciente recuperado para tratamento de SARS-CoV-2 resultou em redução de mortalidade, carga viral e tempo de internação hospitalar. Entretanto, estes estudos têm risco de viés moderado a alto e os estudos clínicos têm amostra pequena. Estes fatores contribuíram para que a certeza na evidência fosse muito baixa. CONCLUSÃO: Esta revisão sistemática rápida identificou 15 estudos com qualidade metodológica baixa a moderada, que avaliaram os efeitos da terapia com plasma de pacientes recuperados para COVID-19. Com base nos achados destes estudos, a eficácia e a segurança do plasma de pacientes recuperados em pacientes com COVID-19 ainda são incertas e seu uso de rotina, para esta situação, não pode ser recomendado, até que resultados de ensaios clínicos em andamento possam ser avaliados.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Neumonía Viral/tratamiento farmacológico , Plasmaféresis/instrumentación , Infecciones por Coronaviridae/tratamiento farmacológico , Betacoronavirus/efectos de los fármacos , Evaluación de la Tecnología Biomédica , Análisis Costo-Beneficio
12.
J Sci Food Agric ; 100(6): 2675-2687, 2020 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31997346

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Edible films were obtained from aqueous emulsions prepared with low-methoxyl pectin at different concentrations (10, 20 and 30 g kg-1 ) and two sunflower wax samples recovered from two waste samples of filter cakes produced in the winterization process of sunflower oil. The two sunflower waxes samples recovered (from the normal hybrid, NSFW, and from the high-oleic hybrid, HOSFW) were added in three proportions (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g g-1 of pectin). Films were evaluated according to their structure, water resistance, water vapor permeability, mechanical properties and thermal behavior. RESULTS: In general, good dispersion of the lipid material was observed in the cross-sections of the film. Increase in the water resistance (lower swelling index and water adsorption) was associated with a greater pectin content crosslinked with Ca2+ and the hydrophobic nature of waxes. The reduction in water vapor transfer rates was influenced by the effect of the wax addition, their fatty acid composition and their good distribution on the film. More resistant, rigid and less flexible films were obtained with lower pectin content, finding an inverse relationship between tensile strength and elongation percentage values. CONCLUSION: These results evidence a promising alternative in the development of innovative strategies to valorize sunflower waxes derived from waste material. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.


Asunto(s)
Películas Comestibles , Pectinas/química , Ceras/química , Ácidos Grasos/análisis , Helianthus/química , Permeabilidad , Residuos , Agua/química
13.
Jpn J Infect Dis ; 73(1): 44-50, 2020 Jan 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31564694

RESUMEN

Human gnathostomiasis, which is endemic in Mexico, is a worldwide health concern. It is mainly caused by the consumption of raw or insufficiently cooked fish containing the advanced third-stage larvae (AL3A) of Gnathostoma species. The diagnosis of gnathostomiasis is based on epidemiological surveys and immunological diagnostic tests. When a larva is recovered, the species can be identified by molecular techniques. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the second internal transcription spacer (ITS-2) is useful to identify nematode species, including Gnathostoma species. This study aims to develop a duplex-PCR amplification method of the ITS-2 region to differentiate between the Gnathostoma binucleatum and G. turgidum parasites that coexist in the same endemic area, as well as to identify the Gnathostoma larvae recovered from the biopsies of two gnathostomiasis patients from Sinaloa, Mexico. The duplex PCR established based on the ITS-2 sequence showed that the length of the amplicons was 321 bp for G. binucleatum and 226 bp for G. turgidum. The amplicons from the AL3A of both patients were 321 bp. Furthermore, the length and composition of these amplicons were identical to those deposited in GenBank as G. binucleatum (accession No. JF919679), corroborating our previous morphological finding that G. binucleatum is the etiological agent for human gnathostomiasis in the endemic area of Sinaloa, Mexico.


Asunto(s)
ADN de Helmintos/genética , ADN Intergénico/genética , Gnathostoma/clasificación , Gnathostomiasis/parasitología , Adulto , Animales , Biopsia , Enfermedades Endémicas , Femenino , Humanos , Larva , México , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Piel/parasitología , Piel/patología
14.
J Theor Biol ; 453: 1-13, 2018 09 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29738720

RESUMEN

Here we develop an epidemic model that accounts for long-range dispersal of pathogens between plants. This model generalizes the classical compartmental models-Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) and Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR)-to take into account those factors that are key to understand epidemics in real plant populations. These ingredients are the spatial characteristics of the plots and fields in which plants are embedded and the effect of long-range dispersal of pathogens. The spatial characteristics are included through the use of random rectangular graphs which allow to consider the effects of the elongation of plots and fields, while the long-range dispersal is implemented by considering transformations, such as the Mellin and Laplace transforms, of a generalization of the adjacency matrix of the geometric graph. Our results point out that long-range dispersal favors the propagation of pathogens while the elongation of plant plots increases the epidemic threshold and decreases dramatically the number of affected plants. Interestingly, our model is able of reproducing the existence of patchy regions of infected plants and the absence of a clear propagation front centered in the initial infected plants, as it is observed in real plant epidemics.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Transmisibles/transmisión , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno/fisiología , Modelos Biológicos , Enfermedades de las Plantas/estadística & datos numéricos , Dispersión de las Plantas/fisiología , Enfermedades Transmisibles/epidemiología , Simulación por Computador , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades/epidemiología , Epidemias , Plantas/microbiología , Plantas/virología
16.
Epidemiol Infect ; 145(3): 607-625, 2017 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27873563

RESUMEN

The seasonality and periodicity of infections, and the mechanisms underlying observed dynamics, can have implications for control efforts. This is particularly true for acute childhood infections. Among these, the dynamics of measles is the best understood and has been extensively studied, most notably in the UK prior to the start of vaccination. Less is known about the dynamics of other childhood diseases, particularly outside Europe and the United States. In this paper, we leverage a unique dataset to examine the epidemiology of six childhood infections - measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, scarlet fever and pertussis - across 32 states in Mexico from 1985 to 2007. This dataset provides us with a spatio-temporal probe into the dynamics of six common childhood infections, and allows us to compare them in the same setting over the same time period. We examine three key epidemiological characteristics of these infections - the age profile of infections, spatio-temporal dynamics, and seasonality in transmission - and compare them with predictions from existing theory and past findings. Our analysis reveals interesting epidemiological differences between the six pathogens, and variations across space. We find signatures of term-time forcing (reduced transmission during the summer) for measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, and scarlet fever; for pertussis, a lack of term-time forcing could not be rejected.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones Bacterianas/epidemiología , Infecciones Bacterianas/transmisión , Virosis/epidemiología , Virosis/transmisión , Adolescente , Factores de Edad , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Estaciones del Año , Análisis Espacio-Temporal
17.
Waste Manag ; 56: 337-51, 2016 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27478022

RESUMEN

The volume of waste generated annually in concrete plants is quite large and has important environmental and economic consequences. The use of fresh concrete recyclers is an interesting way for the reuse of aggregates and water in new concrete production. This paper presents a study carried out for over one year by one of the largest ready-mix concrete producers in Brazil. This study focused on the evaluation of two recyclers with distinct material separation systems, herein referred to as drum-type and rotary sieve-type equipment. They were evaluated through characterization and monitoring test programs to verify the behaviour of recovered materials (aggregates, water, and slurry). The applicability of the recovered materials (water and aggregates) was also evaluated in the laboratory and at an industrial scale. The results obtained with the two types of recyclers used were equivalent and showed no significant differences. The only exception was in terms of workability. The drum-type recycler generated fewer cases that required increased pumping pressure. The analysis concluded that the use of untreated slurry is unfeasible because of its intense negative effects on the strength and workability of concrete. The reclaimed water, pre-treated to ensure that its density is less than 1.03g/cm(3), can be used on an industrial scale without causing any harm to the concrete. The use of recovered aggregates consequently induces an increase in water demand and cement consumption to ensure the workability conditions of concrete that is proportional to the concrete strength level. Therefore, the viability of their use is restricted to concretes with characteristic strengths lower than 25MPa.


Asunto(s)
Materiales de Construcción/análisis , Residuos Industriales/análisis , Reciclaje/métodos , Reciclaje/normas , Administración de Residuos/métodos , Aguas Residuales/análisis , Brasil
18.
Bol. Inst. Pesca (Impr.) ; 41(4): 899-906, Out-Dez. 2015. tab, graf
Artículo en Portugués | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1465117

RESUMEN

Glazing consists on water utilization, added or not of additivies, on frozen fishery product surface, which forms an ice layer to protect from dehydratation and lipidic oxidation during storage. But, excess of water used for glazing is actually one of the most reported problems of fraud by consumer defense organizations, and it demands search for adequate quantification methodologies. The objective of this study was to evaluate different national and international methods, commonly used to quantify the content of water from glazing in frozen fish filets. Tests were conducted using lots with known amounts of glazing, during all steps, using individually frozen filets. The methodologies used were: (1) Portaria nº 38 de 11/02/2010, do Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalização e Qualidade Insdustrial INMETRO; (2) Instrução Normativa nº 25, de 02/06/2011 do Ministerio da Agricultura, Pecuaria e Abastecimento MAPA; (3) Normas for frozen fillets of Codex Alimentarius e (4) Handbook 133 do National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST. The results showed that the differences from different deglazing methods were not statistically significant.


O glaciamento de pescado consiste na aplicação de água, adicionada ou não de aditivos, sobre a superficie do produto congelado, formando uma camada de gelo que o protege de desidratação e oxidação lipídica durante a estocagem. Entretanto, a utilização de água em excesso representa, atualmente, um dos tipos de fraude mais relatados pelos órgãos de defesa do consumidor e demanda a busca por metodologias para sua adequada quantificação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diferentes métodos, nacionais e internacionais, comumente utilizados na quantificação do teor de líquido proveniente do glaciamento de filé de peixe congelado. Os testes foram conduzidos em lotes com teor conhecido de glaciamento em todas as etapas, utilizando filés congelados individualmente. As metodologias empregadas foram: (1) Portaria nº 38 de 11/02/2010, do Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalização e Qualidade Insdustrial INMETRO; (2) Instrução Normativa nº 25 de 02/06/2011, do Ministerio da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento MAPA; (3) Normas para filé congelado do Codex Alimentarius; e (4) Handbook 133 do National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST. Os resultados demonstraram que as diferenças observadas nas quantidades de água proveniente do glaciamento, mensuradas através dos distintos métodos de desglaciamento não foram estatisticamente significativas.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Conservantes de Alimentos , Conservación de Alimentos/métodos , Legislación Alimentaria , Peces , Pesos y Medidas , Alimentos Congelados , Brasil , Fraude
19.
B. Inst. Pesca ; 41(4): 899-906, Out-Dez. 2015. tab, graf
Artículo en Portugués | VETINDEX | ID: vti-28395

RESUMEN

Glazing consists on water utilization, added or not of additivies, on frozen fishery product surface, which forms an ice layer to protect from dehydratation and lipidic oxidation during storage. But, excess of water used for glazing is actually one of the most reported problems of fraud by consumer defense organizations, and it demands search for adequate quantification methodologies. The objective of this study was to evaluate different national and international methods, commonly used to quantify the content of water from glazing in frozen fish filets. Tests were conducted using lots with known amounts of glazing, during all steps, using individually frozen filets. The methodologies used were: (1) Portaria nº 38 de 11/02/2010, do Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalização e Qualidade Insdustrial INMETRO; (2) Instrução Normativa nº 25, de 02/06/2011 do Ministerio da Agricultura, Pecuaria e Abastecimento MAPA; (3) Normas for frozen fillets of Codex Alimentarius e (4) Handbook 133 do National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST. The results showed that the differences from different deglazing methods were not statistically significant.(AU)


O glaciamento de pescado consiste na aplicação de água, adicionada ou não de aditivos, sobre a superficie do produto congelado, formando uma camada de gelo que o protege de desidratação e oxidação lipídica durante a estocagem. Entretanto, a utilização de água em excesso representa, atualmente, um dos tipos de fraude mais relatados pelos órgãos de defesa do consumidor e demanda a busca por metodologias para sua adequada quantificação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diferentes métodos, nacionais e internacionais, comumente utilizados na quantificação do teor de líquido proveniente do glaciamento de filé de peixe congelado. Os testes foram conduzidos em lotes com teor conhecido de glaciamento em todas as etapas, utilizando filés congelados individualmente. As metodologias empregadas foram: (1) Portaria nº 38 de 11/02/2010, do Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalização e Qualidade Insdustrial INMETRO; (2) Instrução Normativa nº 25 de 02/06/2011, do Ministerio da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento MAPA; (3) Normas para filé congelado do Codex Alimentarius; e (4) Handbook 133 do National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST. Os resultados demonstraram que as diferenças observadas nas quantidades de água proveniente do glaciamento, mensuradas através dos distintos métodos de desglaciamento não foram estatisticamente significativas.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Animales , Conservación de Alimentos/métodos , Conservantes de Alimentos , Pesos y Medidas , Peces , Legislación Alimentaria , Alimentos Congelados , Fraude , Brasil
20.
Psicol. rev ; 23(2): 219-244, nov. 2014. ilus
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS | ID: lil-764898

RESUMEN

Este é um artigo de psicologia social, dentro do campo da psicologia organizacional e do trabalho, que tem como foco principal apresentar os resultados da pesquisa conduzida em meu doutorado, que visava desenvolver um sistema de gestão de pessoas com foco em promoção de saúde do trabalhador em uma fábrica recuperada. Para tanto utilizei como referencial teórico a psicologia social do trabalho e das organizações e como referencial metodológico a proposta do campo-tema. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma fábrica recuperada localizada em Salto, São Paulo, e teve como principais resultados a implementação de um sistema de gestão de pessoas que inverte a polaridade tradicional da organização do trabalho, saindo do direcionador mais tradicional, o capital e passando a ter no trabalhador o foco principal dos processos de trabalho. O programa com vistas a promoção de saúde implementado na organização, foi escorado em cinco eixos principais. a) Colocar o trabalho a serviço do trabalhador; b) Fomentar o desenvolvimento humano através do trabalho;c) Trabalhar políticas de identidade e identidades políticas; d) Fomentar a participação do trabalhador no processo decisório da organização; e) Saúde ocupacional.


This is a social psychology article aimed at presenting the results of my doctorate research. My work centers on developing a people management system that improves the health of workers in a recovered factory. For that, I have used the theoretical reference from the fields of social and occupational Psychology. As a methodological reference, the proposition of the theme field was used. The research was done in a recovered factory in Salto, state of São Paulo, Brazil, and has resulted in the implementation of a people management system which inverts the traditional polarity of work organization, setting aside the traditional capitalist approach and thus focusing mainly on the work process. The program focused on the advancement of health implemented in the organization and was based on five main ideas a) the work serves the worker; b) the fostering of human development through work; c) work identity policies and identity policies; d) promotion of worker participation in the organization’s decision-making process; e) occupational health.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Promoción de la Salud , Salud Laboral , Psicología Aplicada
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