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Human echinococcosis (hydatid disease) is highly endemic in Morocco and reemerging as a significant public health problem in this country. It is a cyclozoonotic infection introduced by Echinococcus granulosus, that can invade any organ in the human body. The liver is the mostly affected organ, which is the primary site of human infestation, followed by lungs. Renal involvement by hydatid disease is commonly secondary, occurring owing to primary cyst rupture or disseminated disease. Primary renal localization, often presented as solitary cysts with no visceral involvement, is uncommon even in endemic zone. Herein, a rare cause of renal mass due to an isolated hydatid cyst in a 56-year-old woman who presented with ambiguous left flank pain for the last 10 years. Findings imaging did not reveal any other localizations of hydatid disease. For this scolicidal effect and to prevent peritoneal seeding, the patient was placed on albendazole 400 mg. Three weeks later, the surgery was performed successfully with a left total nephrectomy.

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INTRODUCTION AND SIGNIFICANCE: Hydatidosis is one of the diseases caused by tapeworms that infect humans during their life cycle and still pose a major problem. A review of the medical literature has reported a few cases of serous cysts in the uterus. In most cases, pelvic cysts are asymptomatic and may sometimes cause compressive symptoms or complications when ruptured. CASE PRESENTATION: We presented a case of a serous cyst of the uterus that was discovered through vague abdominal pain. The definitive diagnosis of the case was made during surgery when the cyst was opened, where it was removed and the cavity was closed completely. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: The diagnosis of a serous cyst is based on a good clinical history, with the help of serological tests, in addition to radiological investigations that help to determine the number of cysts, their location, and their surroundings, in order to choose the appropriate therapeutic intervention according to the size of the cyst and its location, for the best patient care. CONCLUSION: Hydatid cysts of the uterus are rare, but they should be included in the differential diagnosis of pelvic cysts to avoid the accidental rupture of the cyst during surgery and the occurrence of an allergic reaction that can sometimes be fatal.

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INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosis. Occurrence in the head and neck is quite uncommon even in endemic areas. The diagnosis of an isolated cystic neck mass is still a challenge due to the presence of similar congenital cystic lesions and benign tumors in the neck. Imaging is useful, but sometimes they cannot identify a definitive diagnosis. The treatment of choice is exclusively surgical excision, combined with chemotherapy. Histopathology confirms the definitive diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of an 8-year-old boy with no history of surgery or trauma, who complained of an isolated left posterior neck mass since one year. All radiological items lead to suspect a cystic lymphangioma. Excisional biopsy under general anesthesia was done. The cystic mass was totally resected and the diagnosis was further confirmed by histopathology. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Cervical hydatid cyst is mostly a misdiagnosed condition, majority of hydatid cyst cases are asymptomatic and vary on the basis of their locations. The differential diagnosis includes cystic lymphangioma, branchial cleft cyst, bronchogenic, thoracic duct, esophageal duplication cysts, pseudocysts and benign tumors. CONCLUSION: Isolated cervical hydatid cyst is rarely reported yet, it must be considered in any cases of cystic cervical mass, particularly in endemic areas. Imaging modalities are sensitive in diagnosing cystic lesions, yet sometimes they cannot identify the exact etiology of the lesion. Furthermore, Prevention of hydatid disease is more favorable than surgical excision.

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Introduction and importance: Primary Gallbladder hydatid cysts are a very rare phenomenon caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Hydatid cysts usually present as hepatic or pulmonary lesions, but in our case, it presented in the gallbladder with three symptomatic daughter cysts in the CBD. Echinococcus caused by E.granulosus Is the most common parasite causing the disease, accounting for 95% of the cases. Case presentation: 75 - year - old male presented with colic pain, jaundice, itching, vomiting, nausea, insomnia, Positive murphy's sign, and elevated AST and ALT. Total bilirubin was also elevated with no hepatomegaly or splenomegaly. Clinical discussion: This disease is endemic in Mediterranean countries due to high contact with the host of the parasite the lumen or on the external surface of the gallbladder. Which can come from the portal system or the spreading of brood capsules through the biliary tract. Conclusion: The method of investigation used was USG, CT, ERCP which are affordable and accessible in low-income countries including Syria. we would like to highlight this rare presentation and the possibility of using laparoscopic surgery.

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INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Most of the time, intramuscular hydatid cysts are secondary. The unusual topographies are a source of diagnostic delay and treatment difficulties. The aim of our case report is to put forward the features of this uncommon presentation and to propose a therapeutic management. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a primary hydatid cyst located in the right lumbar paraspinal muscles in a ten-year-old girl, in good health and without a pathological medical history. The patient presented with a discreet right lumbar swelling of firm consistency, painless and without signs of inflammation. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging suggested the diagnosis of an intramuscular paravertebral hydatid cyst. The hydatid serology was positive. The patient had en-bloc resection of the cyst. He was infected with pus. The histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of muscular hydatidosis. Medical treatment was started. Three years after the operation, the MRI confirmed that was no recurrence. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Echinococcus is a parasitic cestode that can infect dogs and other pets and farm animals, with humans as incidental hosts. Muscular hydatid localization, secondary to hematogenous dissemination, is rare, even in endemic countries. The combination of medical treatment with surgery ensures the best condition to avoid recurrence. CONCLUSION: In regions where hydatidosis is endemic, a tumor in any part of the body should be considered a hydatid cyst until proven otherwise.

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BACKGROUND: Hydatid cyst disease, commonly caused by Echinococcus granulosus, rarely occurs in paraspinal muscles. Among the few reported cases, the current case is the largest paraspinal hydatid cyst disease ever reported in literature with a review of management of such large lesions. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 38-year-old male presented with lower back swelling for 1 year. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging scans suggested hydatidosis, following which the patient was taken up for surgery after preoperative medical therapy. En bloc resection was done, and histopathologic examination of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis. Postoperative albendazole was also used, and no recurrence was noted at 24 months post operation. CONCLUSIONS: Hydatid disease should be kept as one of the differential diagnoses for back swelling, especially in endemic regions. Giant-sized hydatid cysts of paraspinal muscles, though rare, cannot be ruled out on clinical ground alone. Thorough history taking and detailed examination should be aided with radiologic investigations like magnetic resonance imaging for an accurate diagnosis. En bloc excision of the cyst combined with preoperative and postoperative medical therapy is an effective method of treating this condition and significantly reducing complication rates.

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INTRODUCTION: Echinococcus granulosus is a parasitic tape worm. The definitive host is the dog and humans are one of its intermediate hosts. It involves organs such as liver and lungs. Uterus involvement is very rare. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We here report a case of primary uterus hydatid cyst that we had to remove her uterine on left ovary and fallopian tube. Generalized toxic shock and infection due to cyst rupture or organ dysfunction due to invasion (like our patient) or pressure of cyst are complications of this cyst. DISCUSSION: Because of low incidence of hydatid cysts in uterus it can be misdiagnosed by mimicking other conditions such as multi-cystic ovarian tumor, hemorrhagic ovarian cyst, endometrioma, cystadenoma, leiomyoma and etc. CONCLUSION: Especially in endemic area for this parasite, one of differential diagnoses of pelvic cyst must be echinococcosis.

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INTRODUCTION: Hydatid disease caused by larval stage of Echinococcus has been recognized endemically in many countries. Liver and lungs are the most commonly affected organs. Involvement of the head and neck region is rare and bony erosion due to hydatidosis is even rarer. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 17-year-old girl from a poor socio-economic background who presented with a right sided supraclavicular lump, which after surgical excision and histopathological examination was diagnosed as hydatid cyst of neck. CONCLUSION: Because of its rarity in the neck region, primary diagnosis of hydatid cyst is overlooked and usually not included in the differential diagnosis of cystic neck swellings. A high index of suspicion is necessary to diagnose hydatid disease in an unusual location even in endemic areas.

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Hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus is endemic in many regions of the world. The major primary site for the disease in adults is the liver and the secondary site are the lungs. Secondary peritoneal cysts are relatively common and expected to occur after rupture of the primary hepatic hydatid cyst. Primary peritoneal hydatid cyst disease without any other organ involvement has been previously reported, and yet it is still considered rare even in endemic areas. A case of a large primary peritoneal hydatid multicystic lesion without other organ involvement in a 25-year-old girl seen at the gastrointestinal outpatient clinic in the University of Kalamoon Medical City is presented and discussed. The disease was very extensive but surgical intervention was refused due to the patient being a young unmarried female. The patient was treated and observed over a period of ten months. She responded very well to medical treatment with albendazole. The case emphasizes the importance of hydatid disease being included in the differential diagnosis of any cyst in the abdominal cavity for patients living or coming from an area of endemic hydatid disease even without liver or lung involvement. This also goes to show that it can respond to medical treatment, which becomes even more valuable in conditions where surgical intervention might not be an option.

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El quiste hidatídico suprarrenal primario es una patología muy infrecuente por su localización y se encuentra en este órgano en menos del 0,5 por ciento de los casos, incluso en países con presencia endémica del Echinococcus. La mayoría de los quistes hidatídicos suprarrenales son asintomáticos, siendo el diagnóstico un hallazgo incidental. Las pruebas serológicas para el diagnóstico pueden ser negativas en muchos casos y el tratamiento es en su mayoría quirúrgico, con múltiples vías de abordaje. Es una patología poco común; el diagnóstico, manejo, tratamiento y vías de abordaje no se encuentran aún muy establecidos. Con este artículo tratamos de realizar un acercamiento más certero en cuanto a estos aspectos(AU)

The primary adrenal hydatid cyst is a very rare disease for its location and it is found in less than 0.5 percent of the cases, even in countries with endemic presence of Echinococcus. Most adrenal hydatid cysts are asymptomatic, and the diagnosis is an incidental finding, the serological tests for the diagnosis are negative in many cases and the treatment is mostly surgical, with multiple surgical approaches. It is a rare pathology whose diagnosis, management, treatment and surgical approaches are not yet well established. This article was intended to address these aspects in a more accurate way(AU)

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Cystic lesions of the female pelvis are common. Clinically, symptomatic lesions are mostly ovarian in origin and neoplastic in nature. Considerable diagnostic dilemma may be encountered if clinical, radiological, and estimation of serum markers failed to classify the origin and nature of such cysts. One such exceptional case is being described where a 35-year-old female presented with a rapidly growing cystic mass in lower abdomen, clinically suspicious of malignancy. Investigations failed to identify the nature. On laparotomy, excision of the mass was done. Suprisingly histopathological examination identified the lesion as hydatid cyst arising from the broad ligament. Female genital tract hydatidosis is uncommon and in most cases the involvement is secondary. Primary hydatid disease of female genital tract is even very rarer and generates considerable diagnostic difficulty. A significant clinical suspicion is necessary in the differential diagnosis of pelvic cystic diseases to identify such a rare entity.

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Primary hydatid cyst of the neck is of extremely rare occurrence even in endemic regions. Clinically mimicking a cold abscess, we report such a case which was diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. The lesion was removed surgically and at 6-month follow-up visit, the patient was a symptom-free.

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Cystic echinococcosis, which is caused by the larval stages of Echinococcus granulosus, results from the presence of one or more massive cysts or hydatids, and can involve any organ, including the liver, lungs, heart, brain, kidneys, and long bones. Muscle hydatidosis is usually secondary in nature, resulting from spread of larval tissue from a primary site after spontaneous or trauma-induced cyst rupture or after release of viable parasite material during invasive treatment procedures. Primary muscle hydatidosis is extremely uncommon, because implantation at this site would require passage through the filters of the liver and lung. Intramuscular hydatid cyst can cause a variety of diagnostic problems, especially in the absence of typical radiologic findings. We present an unusual case of a primary hydatid cyst found in the popliteal fossa of the right knee of a 52-year-old woman, presenting as an enlarging soft-tissue tumor for 6 months associated with pain. The mass initially was diagnosed to be Backer's cyst by ultrasonography, but later it was confirmed postoperatively through histopathological studies to be due to hydatid disease. In regions where hydatidosis is endemic, hydatid cyst should be included in the differential diagnosis of any unusual muscular mass.

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CONTEXT: Primary hydatid disease of the pancreas is very rare and even rarer to cause pancreatitis. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 20-year-old man who presented with abdominal pain and an epigastric mass. A diagnosis of a pancreatic hydatid cyst was established by ultrasonography and CT scan before surgery. The treatment consisted of laparoscopic cyst evacuation with omentoplasty. The recovery was uneventful and the patient has remained symptom free so far. CONCLUSIONS: Hydatid disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all cystic masses in the pancreas, especially in the geographical regions where the disease is endemic.

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Paciente varón de 63 años, natural y procedente de Lima. Ha estado en área ganadera hace 7 años. Su enfermedad fue insidiosa y progresiva, un mes antes del ingreso tuvo malestar y distensión abdominal, asociado a náusea y vómito ocasionales; no presentó pérdida de peso. En el examen clínico estaba lúcido y estable; no tenía ictericia. El abdomen era blando sin signos de irritación peritoneal; en el hemiabdomen izquierdo se palpaba una masa grande de límites definidos, no dolorosa, adherida a planos profundos. Resto del examen no tuvo alteraciones significativas. Exámenes auxiliares: Hemograma: Normal, eosinófilos 5.74%; examen de orina, perfil de coagulación, bioquímica y electrolitos sin alteraciones. Proteínas totales, albúmina, bilirrubinas Y transaminasas y fosfatasa alcalina sin alteraciones significativas. Arco V positivo: 248 (N < 22 ) e inmunoblot para Echinococcus granulosus positivo. La ecografía abdominal mostraba 'dos' formaciones quísticas tabicadas de 161 x 95 mm y 146 x 130 mm, que desplazaban bazo y riñón izquierdo. La tomografía axial computarizada fue interpretada como una gran formación ovoide (12 x 18 x 27 cm) dependiente de bazo, lobulada, hipodensa con áreas focales redondeadas de menor atenuación a predominio periférico y septos internos, sin realce al contraste endovenoso, compatible con quiste hidatídico Gharbi III. Intervenido quirúrgicamente se encontró un quiste hidatídico esplénico gigante: biloculado, tabicado, que ocupaba hipocondrio y flanco izquierdo de abdomen, tenía paredes gruesas, vesículas hijas y liquido claro en su interior. La lesión quística estaba adherida al colon descendente, estómago y hemidiafragma izquierdo. Se realizó quistectomía parcial mas drenaje externo; no presentó complicaciones posquirúrgicas. Presentamos este caso porque el quiste hidatídico esplénico (primario) es poco frecuente, menos aún como localización única, se reporta que su prevalencia no supera el 1%.

We present the case of a 63 year male patient, natural from Lima. He has been in a cattle zone seven years ago. His illness had an insidious start and a progressive course; from a month ago he had malaise associated with nausea, abdominal distention and occasional vomiting; denies weight loss. In the clinical examination was lucid and stable, and without jaundice. The abdomen was soft without signs of peritoneal irritation; in the left flank there was a large mass with defined limits, painless, attached to deeper layers. Auxiliary tests: CBC: eosinophils 5.74%; the levels coagulation, biochemistry and electrolytes were normal. Total protein, albumin, bilirubin levels, aminotransferasas (ALT an AST) and alkaline phosphatase were normals. Arco V: 248 (N < 22) and positive Inmunoblot to Echinococcus granulosus. Abdominal ultrasound showed two cystic formations of 161 x 95 mm and 146 x 130 mm, that moving the left kidney and spleen. Axial tomography was interpreted as a large ovoid formation (12 x 18 x 27 cm) dependent on spleen, lobed, hypodense, with rounded focal areas with less attenuation in the peripheral area; without contrast enhancement, compatible with hydatid cyst Gharbi III. The surgical intervention was a partial cystectomy plus external drainage; the surgeon found a giant splenic hydatid cyst, occupied the left hypochondrium and the left flank; had thick walls, daughter vesicles and clear liquid inside. The cystic lesion was attached to the descending colon, stomach, and left diaphargm. We present this case because the splenic hydatid cyst is rare, even less as a single site, and their prevalence does not exceed 1%.

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Cerebral hydatid disease is very rare, and in non-endemic areas like India, the occurrence is as low as 0.2% of all intracranial space occupying lesions. Calcification of the cyst wall indicates an even rarer subvariety, i.e., alveolar echinococcosis (AE). AE has hitherto been unreported in the Indian subcontinent. We report such a case in a 25-year-old male, a shepherd by occupation, who presented to us with intractable seizures and headache. He had no gross lesion in the liver. Craniotomy with total excision of the lesion was performed, followed by antiparasitic treatment. The radiological presentation, differential diagnosis and treatment modalities are discussed in relation to our case.