RESUMEN

Pulse diagnosis equipment used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has long been developed for collecting pulse information and in TCM research. However, it is still difficult to implement pulse taking automatically or efficiently in clinical practice. Here, we present a digital protocol for TCM pulse information collection based on bionic pulse diagnosis equipment, which ensures high efficiency, reliability and data integrity of pulse diagnosis information. A four-degree-of-freedom pulse taking platform together with a wrist bracket can satisfy the spatial positioning and angle requirements for individually adaptive pulse acquisition. Three-dimensional reconstruction of a wrist surface and an image localization model are combined to provide coordinates of the acquisition position and detection direction automatically. Three series elastic joints can not only simulate the TCM pulse taking method that "Three fingers in a straight line, the middle finger determining the 'Guan' location and finger pulp pressing on the radial artery," but also simultaneously carry out the force-controlled multi-gradient pressing process. In terms of pulse information integrity, this proposed protocol can generate rich pulse information, including basic individual information, pulse localization distribution, multi-gradient dynamic pulse force time series, and objective pulse parameters, which can help establish the fundamental data sets that are required as the pulse phenotype for subsequent comprehensive analysis of pulse diagnosis. The implementation of this scheme is beneficial to promote the standardization of the digitalized collection of pulse information, the effectiveness of detecting abnormal health status, and the promotion of the fundamental and clinical research of TCM, such as TCM pulse phenomics.

RESUMEN

This paper investigates the pre-pressure's influence on the key performance of a traveling wave ultrasonic motor (TRUM) using simulations and experimental tests. An analytical model accompanied with power dissipation is built, and an electric cylinder is first adopted in regulating the pre-pressure rapidly, flexibly and accurately. Both results provide several new features for exploring the function of pre-pressure. It turns out that the proportion of driving zone within the contact region declines as the pre-pressure increases, while a lower power dissipation and slower temperature rise can be achieved when the driving zones and the braking zones are in balance. Moreover, the shrinking speed fluctuations with the increasing pre-pressures are verified by the periodic-varying axial pressure. Finally, stalling torque, maximum efficiency, temperature rise and speed variance are all integrated to form a novel optimization criterion, which achieves a slower temperature rise and lower stationary error between 260 and 320 N. The practical speed control errors demonstrate that the proportion of residual error declines from 2.88% to 0.75% when the pre-pressure is changed from 150 to 300 N, which serves as one of the pieces of evidence of the criterion's effectiveness.

RESUMEN

In order to effectively remove the Microcystis from drinking-water sources, pre-pressure treatment was first used to make the Microcystis lose buoyancy, and then it is easily removed by coagulation and sedimentation processes. The Microcystis-containing water from Taihu Lake was taken for the pre-pressure coagulation and sedimentation treatments in this study. Both intermittent laboratory experiment and continuous-flow field experiment were conducted. Experimental results showed that the optimum pre-pressure condition was pressuring at 0.6-0.8 MPa for at least 10 s, and 60 s was the best. Comparing with the pre-oxidation, pre-pressure could obviously increase the removal efficiency of Microcystis by following coagulation and sedimentation, and would not increase the dissolved microcystins. The mechanism of pre-pressure treatment was that the pre-pressure destroys the gas vesicles in Microcystis cells and the gas diffuses out of the cells, which leads the Microcystis to lose buoyancy and make them to sink. The recovery time of gas vesicles was longer than the sludge discharge period of sedimentation tank; therefore, the sinking Microcystis would not re-float in the sedimentation tank. In the practical application of drinking water treatment plant, the continuous-flow pressure device could be chosen, with the energy consumption of about 22.9 kw·h per 10,000 m3.

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