RESUMEN
Seven novel porcine parvoviruses (PPV2 to PPV8) have been discovered in the last two decades. The last one reported was PPV8 in China in 2022, which was proposed to be a member of the genus Protoparvovirus. Here, we report the first detection of PPV8 outside China - in two provinces from Colombia. Six out of 146 (4.1%) pigs showing porcine respiratory disease (PRD) tested positive for PPV8. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of two Colombian PPV8 isolates (GenBank database accession numbers PP335559 and PP335560) showed them to be members of the genus Protoparvovirus. Furthermore, PPV8 was detected in coinfections with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which are associated with PRD.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Parvoviridae , Parvovirus Porcino , Enfermedades de los Porcinos , Animales , Coinfección/virología , Coinfección/veterinaria , Coinfección/epidemiología , Colombia/epidemiología , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/veterinaria , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/virología , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Parvovirus Porcino/genética , Parvovirus Porcino/aislamiento & purificación , Parvovirus Porcino/clasificación , Filogenia , Síndrome Respiratorio y de la Reproducción Porcina/virología , Síndrome Respiratorio y de la Reproducción Porcina/epidemiología , Virus del Síndrome Respiratorio y Reproductivo Porcino/genética , Virus del Síndrome Respiratorio y Reproductivo Porcino/aislamiento & purificación , Virus del Síndrome Respiratorio y Reproductivo Porcino/clasificación , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/virología , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Porcine parvovirus 8 (PPV8), a novel virus in the Parvoviridae family, was first identified in 2022 in lung samples of domestic pigs from China. Retrospective analyses showed that it had been circulating in China since 1998, but no other countries had reported its presence so far. A recent study conducted in South America did not detect any PPV8-positive samples in that region. Here, we report the detection of PPV8 in Hungarian and Slovakian pig farms and the estimated prevalence of the virus in Hungary. Altogether, 2230 serum, 233 oral fluid, and 115 processing fluid samples were systematically collected from 23 Hungarian and 2 Slovakian pig farms between 2020 and 2023. A real-time quantitative PCR method was developed to detect the viral genome. Our results revealed the presence of PPV8 on 65% of the Hungarian farms and both Slovakian farms included in our study, marking its first detection in Europe. Oral fluid samples showed the highest positivity rates, reaching up to 100% in some herds. The viral genome was successfully detected in serum and processing fluid samples too, but with significantly lower prevalence rates of 4% and 5%, respectively. Genetic analysis of 11 partial VP2 sequences demonstrated high similarity to the original Chinese strain but with unique amino acid mutations, suggesting possible local evolution of the virus. Our study presents the first scientific evidence of PPV8 infection outside of China and offers a comprehensive assessment of its prevalence in the Hungarian pig population. Further research is required to understand its potential impact on swine health.