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Preschoolers frequently experience traumatic dental injuries, particularly during their two to four years of life. The majority of these injuries result in tooth avulsion because of the alveolar bone resiliency around the primary teeth. This study explains an instance of damage sustained during play that resulted in an early knockout of the primary incisor. Hence, a biogenic tooth-integrated space maintainer was created using the natural crown of the traumatized tooth, and the child was asked to come for a regular follow-up. This treatment may be viewed as a great alternative for natural aesthetic rehabilitation as it promotes speech development, improves oral cleanliness, restores aesthetics and masticatory function, and inhibits the development of aberrant tongue habits and malocclusions.
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Mesiodens are common supernumerary teeth that prominently erupt in the midline between the maxillary central incisors. If two or more mesiodens are present, they are termed mesiodentes, indicating the presence of multiple supernumerary teeth in the midline. These often cause aesthetic disharmony in the anterior teeth due to their abnormal position, leading to extraction in most cases and resulting in midline diastema when impacted or partially erupted. This case is uncommon, as the patient expressed a desire to preserve their mesiodens as a distinctive feature, considering them a familial trait worth retaining. The family history of the patient revealed the occurrence of mesiodens in three generations, highlighting a hereditary pattern of supernumerary teeth within the family. The endodontic therapy involving root canal treatment successfully treated the mesiodens, alleviating pain, and preserving them as desired.
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Pediatric maxillofacial fractures, which are not very prevalent, account for around 5% of all face injuries. Children under the age of 13 are more susceptible to craniofacial injuries because they have a larger cerebral mass-to-body ratio than adults. The fracture pattern in children does not resemble that of adults, due to which the treatment of pediatric fractures differs from that of adults and can pose substantial difficulties to the pediatric dentist due to many factors, including the complex anatomy of the developing jaw. In this case report, a 5-year-old male patient presented with an injury to the upper and lower jaw. A case was managed with a conservative approach by using a modified open cap splint. A radiographic investigation, including CT brain and face, was done, which revealed the mandibular symphyseal fracture, bilateral condyle, and right Lefort II fracture. A modified open cap splint was fabricated and fixed with circummandibular and circumzygomatic wiring under general anesthesia. After two months, the fractured site showed good healing on orthopantomography (OPG), and satisfactory occlusion was achieved. The patient was kept on monthly follow-ups for up to five months. Treatment guidelines for pediatric maxillary and mandibular fractures are different from those for adults in that most pediatric cases are managed by a conservative approach. Cap splints are a versatile treatment option for juvenile mandibular fractures because they can be used to restore function and aesthetics with minimal morbidity, do not impede jaw growth or the development of dentition, and can be applied to patients of a wider range of ages.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Nigella sativa (NS) oil has been used as an ointment for relief from abscesses, nasal ulcers, orchitis, eczema, and swollen joints. The nutritional and biological values of wheat germ oil (WGO) are imperative points for testing its wound healing properties in traumatic ulcer. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the ability of NS versus WGO in promoting the healing of induced traumatic ulcer in albino rats clinically and histologically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out after the approval of the Research Ethics Committee (REC) of the Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, in Ismailia, Egypt, on 60 albino rats with induced labial ulcer according to calculated sample size. All animals were anaesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of 10% ketamine. The ulcer was produced on the labial mucosa corresponding to the midline between the lower two incisors of each rat. After induction of the ulcer, rats were randomly divided into four groups according to the treatment medicament: Group A (negative control group): 15 rats which remained without treatment; Group B (positive control): 15 rats which received daily a topical application of 1 ml of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and lidocaine gel; Group C (NS group): 15 rats which received a daily topical application of 1 mm of NS oil painted by a brush covering the whole area of the ulcer; and Group D (WGO group): 15 rats which received 1 mm of WGO. The ulcers were measured using a digital caliper and were recorded using a digital camera at days 0, 3, 7, and 9, the largest (D) and smallest (d) diameters of the lesion were recorded, and the ulcer area was calculated using the following formula: A=π×D/2×d/2. Tissue samples were taken for histological examination, and the labial mucosa was dissected out and embedded in paraffin wax blocks. The blocks were cut with microtome to obtain sections of 4-5 µm thickness to be stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain and Masson's trichrome stain. All sections were examined under a light microscope, and the presence of inflammatory cells and collagen tissue remodeling were evaluated. RESULTS: Within the control group, there are statistically non-significant changes in the mean of the surface area of ulcer when comparing changes in 10 rats who survived till the seventh day and inflammatory cell count when comparing changes in five rats who were sacrificed at the seventhday. There was a significant decrease in surface area and inflammatory cell count in five rats who survived till the ninth day. Within the WGO group only, all survived rats had healed ulcer at the ninth day. There is a significant decrease in inflammatory cell count in five rats who survived till the ninth day. CONCLUSION: WGO was significantly more effective in the treatment of animal-induced ulcer compared to NS oil or CPC and lidocaine oral gel.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The long-term prognosis of teeth that have experienced traumatic avulsion is highly dependent on appropriate and prompt emergency management taken immediately after the avulsion. The main goal in the treatment of traumatic permanent tooth avulsion is to replant as soon as possible in its correct anatomical position to maintain the viability of the periodontal ligament and neurovascular supply while restoring aesthetic and preserving the functional integrity of the tooth. General dentists can deal properly with emergency cases, such as tooth avulsion, and also should be aware of appropriate management to take care of avulsions and to determine the prognosis especially since such incidents often occur at times when dental professionals are least prepared to address them. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of dentists who are working in various hospitals, clinics, and dental schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, with respect to traumatic permanent tooth avulsion and the appropriate methods for its management. METHODS: The study design is a cross-sectional study with dentists working in various clinical settings in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire used in the study consists of a total of 19 items: nine items about demographic data, including training background, and 10 multiple-choice questions regarding dental trauma and its management. CONCLUSION: Higher dental education and post-graduate training gave the dentists better judgment in dealing with dental emergencies compared to general dentists. Thus, the recommendation of this study is to include the comprehensive treatment of avulsion emergencies in the dental school curriculums and increase the exposure of dental students to such cases.
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Lateral luxation can be defined as the traumatic displacement of a tooth in a direction other than axial. The current case report describes the use of composite resin splinting to treat laterally luxated primary maxillary central incisors which resulted in an anterior cross bit. A 5-year-old boy reported to the clinic complaining of pain and mobile front teeth that is his primary right and left central incisors were laterally luxated. After a complete clinical examination and radiographic evaluation, the teeth were repositioned and stabilized for 4 weeks by splinting the laterally luxated tooth to the adjacent teeth. Follow-up examinations revealed that the tissues had healed well and that the corresponding central permanent incisor was healthy and unaffected. This case study highlights the significance of prompt diagnosis, effective treatment, and routine follow-up of traumatized teeth because they may have an adverse effect on both dentitions and "Oral Health-Related Quality of Life". When feasible, conservative treatment should be considered because it may be more suitable in some circumstances.
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PURPOSE: In our study, the characteristics, treatment approach and long-term outcomes of condyle fractures treated in the pediatric plastic surgery and reconstruction unit in the last 10 years were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study consisted of two retrospective and prospective sections with the participation of pediatric patients with condylar fractures who were treated in the Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery clinic of a university hospital in the last 10 years. In the retrospective section, data were obtained from the electronic patient records and patient files regarding the treatment applied, as well as the characteristics of the patient and condyle fractures. In the perspective section, patients were invited to the clinic and the effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for IBM 25 package program. RESULTS: It was determined that 55.8% of the pediatric patients had accompanying facial fractures, and 72.4% had unilateral condyle fractures. It was determined that 59.5% of the pediatric patients underwent intermaxillary fixation (IMF). Physical complications were seen in 6.75% in the long term after treatment. CONCLUSION: Falling from height and traffic accidents, which are the most important factors in the occurrence of condyle fractures, should be eliminated by increasing parental attention and awareness. Surgical treatment should be considered in the treatment of pediatric condyle fractures, especially if there are accompanying facial and mandible bone fractures.
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Sudden tooth loss can be a traumatic experience that affects a child psychologically and hampers social skills in today's world, in which appearances seem to matter from a young age. The child becomes afraid to smile freely. Besides appearances, missing anterior teeth can hamper clarity in speech. Many approaches have been described in the past, such as the use of a removable partial denture, functional Nance appliance, Groper's appliance, and resin-reinforced fiber composite/acrylic pontic. We report the case of a child who lost a deciduous tooth as a result of trauma. The restoration was performed using fiber-reinforced resin and a natural avulsed tooth as pontic, which restored esthetics and function.
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Mandibular fractures are relatively less frequent in children when compared to adults, which may be due to the child's protected anatomic features and infrequent exposure of children to alcohol related traffic accidents. Treatment principles of mandibular fractures differ from that of adults due to concerns regarding mandibular growth and development of dentition. A case of a 4.5-year-old boy with fractured body of mandible managed by closed reduction using open occlusal acrylic splint and circum mandibular wiring is presented. This article also provides a review of literature regarding the management of mandibular body fracture in young children.