RESUMEN
Conductive hydrogels (CHs) have attracted considerable attentions in the fields of wearable electronics, disease diagnosis, and artificial intelligence. However, it is still a great challenge to prepare a single CH system with integrated characteristics of high stretchability, good transparency, and multisensory function through a simple fabrication process. Herein, carboxylic cellulose nanofibers (CCNF) were used to assist the homogeneous distribution of opaque conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) into the crosslinked polyacrylamide network for the fabrication of stretchable and transparent interpenetrating network CH, aiming for a high-performance multisensory system. As expected, the ready formation of hydrogen bonds between the water molecules and a great deal of hydrophilic groups in the hydrogel endow the obtained CH with excellent humidity response behavior in a wide range (0-85%), and the introduction of CCNF and PEDOT: PSS is proved to be an effective strategy to enhance the humidity sensitivity, exhibiting great potential for the noncontact sensing of human respiration and finger movement. Meanwhile, it also displays excellent strain sensing behavior with favorable sensitivity in a broad range (0-837 %), fast response and reliable stability and reproducibility. Importantly, our prepared CH can also detect and discriminate complicated human activities and physiological signals. All these demonstrate the superiority of our prepared CH for the new generation of flexible wearable electronics.
Asunto(s)
Hidrogeles , Nanofibras , Humanos , Hidrogeles/química , Celulosa , Humedad , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Inteligencia ArtificialRESUMEN
Afferent chorda tympani (CT) fibers innervating anterior tongue fungiform papillae have neuron cell bodies in the geniculate ganglion (GG). To characterize electrophysiological and receptive field properties, we recorded extracellular responses from single GG neurons to lingual application with chemical, thermal and mechanical stimuli. Receptive field size was mapped by electrical stimulation of individual fungiform papillae. Responses of GG neurons to room temperature chemical stimuli representing five taste qualities, and distilled water at 4⯰C and mechanical stimulation were used. Based on responses to these stimuli, GG neurons were divided into CHEMICAL, CHEMICAL/THERMAL, THERMAL and TACTILE groups. Neurons in the CHEMICAL group responded to taste stimuli but not to either cold water or stroking stimuli. CHEMICAL/THERMAL neurons responded to both taste stimuli and cold water. THERMAL neurons responded only to cold water and TACTILE neurons responded only to light stroking stimuli. The receptive field sizes for CHEMICAL, and CHEMICAL/THERMAL neurons averaged five papillae exceeding the field size of THERMAL and TACTILE neurons which averaged about two papillae. Detailed analysis of the receptive field of CHEMICAL/THERMAL neurons revealed that within one field only a subset of the fungiform papillae making up the receptive field responded to the cold stimuli, whereas the other papillae responded only to chemical stimuli. These finding demonstrate that fungiform papilla are complex sensory organs with a multisensory function suggesting a unique role in detecting and sampling food components prior to ingestion.