RESUMEN

The advent of Internet of Things and artificial intelligence era necessitates the advancement of self-powered electronics. However, prevalent multifunctional electronics still face great challenges in rigid electrodes, stacked layers, and external power sources to restrict the development in flexible electronics. Here, a transparent, self-healing, anti-freezing (TSA) ionogel composed of fluorine-rich ionic liquid and fluorocarbon elastomer, which is engineered for monolayered triboelectric nanogenerators (M-TENG) and electromagnetic energy-based touch panels is developed. Notably, the TSA-ionogel exhibits remarkable features including outstanding transparency (90%), anti-freezing robustness (253 K), impressive stretchability (600%), and repetitive self-healing capacity. The resultant M-TENG achieves a significant output power density (200 mW m-2 ) and sustains operational stability beyond 1 year. Leveraging this remarkable performance, the M-TENG is adeptly harnessed for biomechanical energy harvesting, self-powered control interface, electroluminescent devices, and enabling wireless control over electrical appliances. Furthermore, harnessing Faraday's induction law and exploiting human body's intrinsic antenna properties, the TSA-ionogel seamlessly transforms into an autonomous multifunctional epidermal touch panel. This touch panel offers impeccable input capabilities through word inscription and participation in the Chinese game of Go. Consequently, the TSA-ionogel's innovation holds the potential to reshape the trajectory of next-generation electronics and profoundly revolutionize the paradigm of human-machine interaction.

RESUMEN

Photonic bio-organic multiphase structures are suggested here for integrated thin-film electronic nets with multilevel logic elements for multilevel computing via a reconfigurable photonic bandgap of chiral biomaterials. Herein, inspired by an artificial intelligence system with efficient information integration and computing capability, the photonically active dielectric layer of chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystals is combined with printed-in p- and n-type organic semiconductors as a bifunctional logical element. These adaptive logic elements are capable of triggering tailored quantized electrical output signals under light with different photon energy and at the different photonic bandgaps of the active dielectric layer. The bifunctional structures enable complex memory behavior upon repetitive changes of photonic bandgap (controlled by expansion/contraction of chiral nematic pitch) and photon energy (controlled by light absorption wavelength of complementary organic semiconductor layers), exhibiting effectively a reconfigurable ternary logic response. This proof-of-concept bio-assisted multivalued logic structure facilitates an optical computing system for low-power optical information processing integrated with human-machine interfaces.

Asunto(s)

Inteligencia Artificial , Semiconductores , Materiales Biocompatibles , Celulosa/química , Humanos , Lógica

RESUMEN

Since highly stretchable hydrogels have demonstrated their promising applications in flexible tactile sensors and wearable devices, the current challenge has been imposed on stretchable and multifunctional electronics. Here, we report a multifunctional sensor composed of a liquid metal (LM) nanodroplet-adhered self-assembled polymeric network, anionic carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and cationic polyacrylamide (PAAm). The synergistic effect, zeta potential reduction, by CMC and macromolecules enveloped by LM contributes to the stabilization of the ternary system during preparation and, thus, the homogenization of the products. By engineering and optimizing the ternary hybrid hydrogels, excellent extensibility (tensile strain near 300%), readily reversible hysteresis loops, and accessible deformability (low modulus of 104 Pa) are afforded. The fabricated sensor exhibits a high tensile strain gauge factor of around 0.7 and a high compressive stress sensitivity of up to 0.12 kPa-1, a fast response time below 125 ms, and a high stability and precision in usage. In a series of practical scenarios, the assembled sensor displays distinguished abilities to monitor bodily motions, record electrocardiograms, authenticate handwriting, discern temperature, and infer materials, making them highly promising for multifunctional intelligent soft sensing.

RESUMEN

"Green" solvent-dissolved cellulose enables functional reuse of waste cotton fabrics. This work will not only achieve high-value utilization of biomass but also overcome microplastic pollution. There is a significant challenge in the continuous meter-scale synthesis of sensing fibers for commercial applications with high productivity. Herein, waste cellulose fabrics was recycled by the NaOH/urea system to produce regenerated cellulose (RC) and then cornlike polyaniline (PANI) was anchored on the RC fibers by in situ polymerization of aniline through continuous meter-scale wet-spinning. In our findings, the morphologies and possible growth of PANI layers on the RC surface can be tailored by various ammonium persulfate (APS) contents in a coagulation bath. Especially, composite fibers (PC0.5) exhibited superior electrical conductivity and highly sensitive responsiveness to organic vapors and human motions including exhalation/inhalation, finger, and wrist joints. Further, the possible sensing mechanism of cornlike PC0.5 has been proposed, and its GF value is 23.8. This study realized the conversion from cheap waste fibers to high-value conductive fibers with excellent performances for multifunctional wearable sensors and energy devices via a simple and "green" method.

RESUMEN

As promising candidates for intelligent biomimetic applications similar to living organisms, smart soft materials have aroused extensive interest due to their extraordinarily designable structures and functionality. Herein, a bubble-like elastomer-based electronic skin that can be pneumatically actuated is achieved through hydrophilic/hydrophobic interphase mediated asymmetric functionalization. The asymmetric and controllable introduction of elastic polydimethylsiloxane into the carbon nanotube film at the air/water interface can endow the Janus ultrathin film with tunable conductivity, self-adhesivity, self-adaptivity, and even self-sealing properties. As a result, the Janus films can be employed as multifunctional electronics, including self-adhesive strain sensing/thermal managing devices and even noncontact mechanical sensors as artificial eardrums for tiny air-pressure detection. Significantly, these excellent features can further enable the integration of actuating and sensing functions. As a proof of concept, the Janus film can serve as a self-supported device to simultaneously imitate the controllable contracting/expanding behaviors of the vocal sac of frog and monitor the real-time current change in this process, demonstrating significant potential in smart bionic applications.

RESUMEN

Dual-function electrochromic supercapacitors (ECSs) that indicate their real-time charge capacity in color are fabricated using tungsten trioxide (WO3) and Li-doped ion gels containing hydroquinone (HQ). The ECSs can simultaneously serve as either electrochromic devices or supercapacitors. The coloration/bleaching and charging/discharging characteristics are investigated between 0 and -1.5 V. At the optimal HQ concentration, large transmittance contrast (∼91%), high coloration efficiency (∼61.9 cm2/C), high areal capacitance (∼13.6 mF/cm2), and good charging/discharging cyclic stability are achieved. Flexible ECSs are fabricated on plastic substrates by exploiting the elastic characteristics of the gel electrolytes, and they exhibit good bending durability. Moreover, practical feasibility is evaluated by demonstrating the use of the ECSs as an energy storage device and a power source.

RESUMEN

Fiber-based supercapacitors have attracted significant interests because of their potential applications in wearable electronics. Although much progress has been made in recent years, the energy and power densities, mechanical strength, and flexibility of such devices are still in need of improvement for practical applications. Here, we demonstrate an ultrathin microcoaxial fiber supercapacitor (µCFSC) with high energy and power densities (2.7 mW h/cm3 and 13 W/cm3), as well as excellent mechanical properties. The prototype with the smallest reported overall diameter (∼13 µm) is fabricated by successive coating of functional layers onto a single micro-carbon-fiber via a scalable process. Combining the simulation results via the electrochemical model, we attribute the high performance to the well-controlled thin coatings that make full use of the electrode materials and minimize the ion transport path between electrodes. Moreover, the µCFSC features high bending flexibility and large tensile strength (more than 1 GPa), which make it promising as a building block for various flexible energy storage applications.