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INTRODUCTION: Metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) may cause adverse reactions to metal debris (ARMD). ARMD causing femoral vessel compression with serious complications has been described in case reports, but the rate of compression by ARMD is not known. This study aims to investigate the rate, and quantify the severity, of femoral vessel compression in MoM hips with ARMD lesions. METHODS: Patients under surveillance for MoM THA investigated with MRI were studied. In patients with confirmed ARMD, femoral artery (FA) and vein (FV) diameters were measured at the point of maximal compression and compared to contralateral vessels. The primary outcome measure was presence or absence of compression. Cases were then classified by compression ratios. Secondary outcome measures were rates of deep vein thrombosis, revision surgery and time to ARMD from index procedure. RESULTS: MRI scans for 436 patients with MoM THA were screened. Of these, 211/436 (48.4%) showed evidence of ARMD. Measurements were obtained on 133/211 (63.0%) patients. The FV was compressed in 102/133 (76.7%) and FA in 58/133 (43.6%), while 31/133 (23.3%) patients had no compression. In FVs, 42 demonstrated mild compression, 39 moderate and 21 severe. In FAs, none were severely compressed, 6 were moderate and 52 showed mild compression. There were 3 DVT cases, 2 in patients with moderate FV compression and 1 in patients without FV compression. Revision rates were highest in patients with severe FV compression (14/21, 66.7%). The mean time for MRI-diagnosed ARMD from index procedure was 8 years and 1 month (range 11 months-14.5 years). CONCLUSIONS: Extra-luminal compression of the femoral vessels was found in >75% of patients with ARMD. Although it is not clear whether revision for femoral vessel compression is required, quantification of FV compression may be useful for surgeons and radiologists considering revision for ARMD.

Asunto(s)

Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Prótesis de Cadera , Prótesis Articulares de Metal sobre Metal , Humanos , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/efectos adversos , Prótesis de Cadera/efectos adversos , Prótesis Articulares de Metal sobre Metal/efectos adversos , Metales/efectos adversos , Fémur , Reoperación , Diseño de Prótesis , Falla de Prótesis , Estudios Retrospectivos

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AIMS: Large-diameter metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) has demonstrated unexpected high failure rates and pseudotumour formation. The purpose of this prospective cohort study is to report ten-year results in order to establish revision rate, prevalence of pseudotumour formation, and relation with whole blood cobalt levels. METHODS: All patients were recalled according to the guidelines of the Dutch Orthopaedic Association. They underwent clinical and radiographical assessments (x-ray and CT scan) of the hip prosthesis and whole blood cobalt ion measurements. Overall, 94 patients (95 hips) fulfilled our requirements for a minimum ten-year follow-up. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 10.9 years (10 to 12), with a cumulative survival rate of 82.4%. Reason for revision was predominantly pseudotumour formation (68%), apart from loosening, pain, infection, and osteolysis. The prevalence of pseudotumour formation around the prostheses was 41%, while our previous report of this cohort (with a mean follow-up of 3.6 years) revealed a 39% prevalence. The ten-year revision-free survival with pseudotumour was 66.7% and without pseudotumour 92.4% (p < 0.05). There was poor discriminatory ability for cobalt for pseudotumour formation. CONCLUSION: This prospective study reports a minimum ten-year follow-up of large-head MoM THA. Revision rates are high, with the main reason being the sequelae of pseudotumour formation, which were rarely observed after five years of implantation. Blood ion measurements show limited discriminatory capacity in diagnosing pseudotumour formation. Our results evidence that an early comprehensive follow-up strategy is essential for MoM THA to promptly identify and manage early complications and revise on time. After ten years follow-up, we do not recommend continuing routine CT scanning or whole cobalt blood measurements, but instead enrolling these patients in routine follow-up protocols for THA. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(1):61-67.

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BACKGROUND: Metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been associated with adverse reactions to metal debris, presenting clinically as pseudotumors. CASE SUMMARY: This case report presents a female aged 73 year-old with MoM THA-related pseudotumor. After arthrotomy and bursectomy surgeries, histologic examinations of surgical specimens revealed a specific lymphocyte-dominant immunologic response, now known as aseptic lymphocyte-dominant vasculitis-associated lesion (ALVAL). Due to soft tissue persisting effusion after arthrotomy and bursectomy, revision surgery was then performed with ceramic-on-polyethylene THA. However, revision did not resolve the patient's symptoms. Here we describe our application of tigecycline sclerotherapy to treat recurrent pseudotumor after revision THA and no recurrence after 24-mo follow-up. CONCLUSION: Tigecycline sclerotherapy is safe and effective in the management of recurrent pseudotumor after revision non-MoM THA in ALVAL cases.

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BACKGROUND: Metal artifact reduction sequence (MARS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been recommended as a cross-sectional imaging modality in clinical evaluation of adverse local tissue reactions (ALTRs) in metal-on-metal (MoM) patients and metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) patients with taper corrosion. The aim of the study was to compare MARS MRI characteristics of ALTR in MoM total hip arthroplasty (THA) with ALTR in MoP THA with modular taper corrosion. METHODS: A total of 197 patients with ALTR were evaluated: 86 patients with MoM THA; 37 MoP patients with head-neck taper corrosion; and 74 MoP patients with neck-stem dual taper corrosion. MARS MRI scans were evaluated to identify location, size, type of ALTR (I-III), and associated ALTR synovitis (cystic, solid, and mixed). RESULTS: MARS MRI characteristics of ALTR were significantly different between the MoM and MoP groups (P = .017). The MoP group demonstrated the highest proportion of thick-walled cystic masses type II (56.7% in head-neck taper corrosion MoP and 46.5% in dual taper corrosion MoP vs 28.7% in MoM), whereas the MoM group had the highest proportion of thin-walled cystic masses type I. MoM implants (96.8%) were significantly more likely to have ALTR in multiple locations compared with both MoP groups (P = .001). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that MARS MRI characteristics of ALTR differ by bearing type with a significantly higher percentage of mixed type and solid type ALTR in the taper corrosion MoP THA compared with MoM THA. This information provides clinically useful information in evaluation of symptomatic MoP and MoM THA patients for ALTRs.

Asunto(s)

Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Prótesis de Cadera , Prótesis Articulares de Metal sobre Metal , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/efectos adversos , Corrosión , Prótesis de Cadera/efectos adversos , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Polietileno , Diseño de Prótesis , Falla de Prótesis

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BACKGROUND: Adverse local tissue reactions (ALTRs), initially described as a complication of metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA), have also become an important risk factor for implant failure requiring revision surgery in metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) THA due to modular taper corrosion. This study aims to report early complication rates and outcomes as well as potential risk factors for a re-revision. METHODS: A total of 252 consecutive THA patients who underwent revision for ALTR were reviewed. There were 40 patients (16%) who underwent a second revision: (1) 26 MoP patients with modular taper corrosion and (2) 14 MoM patients. Patient demographics as well as clinical information were analyzed. Binary logistic regression was used to test for associations between re-revision surgery and clinical parameters. RESULTS: The overall complication rate following initial revision for ALTR was 21%. Sixteen percent of these revision patients required a re-revision. The most common indication for re-revision was dislocation (45%). The complication rate was 35% following a re-revision which included dislocation (36%), infection (36%), fracture (14%), and implant loosening (14%). The rate of patients requiring a third revision was 23% with the most common indications being dislocation (33%) and infection (33%) (P = .032). CONCLUSION: High rate of early complications (35%) and third revisions (23%) were observed following re-revision of symptomatic ALTR patients with those requiring re-revision associated with extensive intraoperative tissue necrosis. These findings provide clinically useful information that may assist surgeons in clinical decision making and preoperative counseling of both MoM and MoP patients undergoing re-revision surgery for ALTR.

Asunto(s)

Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Prótesis de Cadera , Prótesis Articulares de Metal sobre Metal , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/efectos adversos , Cromo , Cobalto , Prótesis de Cadera/efectos adversos , Humanos , Polietileno , Diseño de Prótesis , Falla de Prótesis , Reoperación , Resultado del Tratamiento

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Purrpose Metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been a subject of recent discussion and concern due to the early failures caused by local and systemic adverse reactions related to specific designs. The aim of this study is to analyze the outcomes and survival rates of a single brand of MoM implants implanted in a consecutive series of patients at a single institution. Methods Between 2007 and 2012, 116 (118 hips) patients were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 6.6 years after primary THA. The diagnosis leading to surgery was osteoarthritis (80 patients) and proximal femoral fracture (36 patients). A single design of THA was implanted. All patients were evaluated before surgery and postoperatively at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months by clinical scores and radiographic studies. The data analysis was made using Student's t -test. Results The minimum follow-up was of 4 years, with a mean follow-up of 6.6 years. Two aseptic loosenings of the acetabular component were recorded (one per group), which were not associated with local or systemic complications related to metal ion release. Both were revised by an isolated acetabular cup substitution with metal-on-polyethylene couplings. Nonprogressive radiolucency lines < 2 mm in zone 2 were observed in other six patients around the acetabular component without clinical manifestation (four in the arthritis group and two in the fracture group). Postoperative Harris Hip Score and SF-36 (36-Item Short Form Survey) score improved in both groups. Conclusion Despite several MoM implants showing early complications and failures, a specific MoM design may be associated with good clinical results at a mid- to long-term follow-up. Level of Evidence This is a therapeutic case series, Level 4 study.

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BACKGROUND: To avoid wear-induced osteolysis, ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) and metal-on-metal (MoM) bearings have been developed. At present, there are no direct material related clinical comparisons between cementless total hip arthroplasty with CoC and MoM at more than 5-year follow-up. The bearing that is more likely to prevent osteolysis is still controversial. Therefore, we performed a retrospective case control study evaluating CoC and MoM cementless THAs in order to: - compare the longevity and complications for CoC and MoM THAs at 5-10 years postoperatively; - compare the incidence of osteolysis between both type THAs; - evaluate pseudotumors in MoM THAs. HYPOTHESIS: CoC THAs will have a lower rate of osteolysis, better longevity, and better clinical outcomes than MoM THAs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ninety-six hips underwent CoC THAs, and 56 hips underwent MoM THA (Ultamet, Pinnacle, Depuy). Average patient age at the time of surgery was 57.1 years (range, 28 to 77 years). RESULTS: There were no differences with regard to the Harris hip score (89.5 and 90.3 for the CoC and MoM groups, respectively). Osteolysis (9 hips, 14.3%) among MoM THAs were significantly more frequently observed compared to CoC THAs (2 hips, 2.1%). Kaplan-Meier survival at 8 years with implant loosening or revision THA as the endpoint was 98.2% (95% CI: 87.8-99.8) for CoC, and 98.6% (95% CI: 90.2-99.8) for MoM (p=0.684). There was one audible squeaking (1.0%) and no ceramic fracture among CoC THAs. Five (8.9%) hips showed pseudotumors among MoM THAs. DISCUSSION: CoC THAs had a low incidence of osteolysis. No significant difference was seen in the 8-year survival rate between implants, when using implant loosening and revision THA as endpoints. These data indicate that CoC THAs have excellent clinical and radiological outcomes, compared with MoM THAs. Ultamet MoM had a higher rate of osteolysis compared to other MoM bearings; the cup modularity (without polyethylene) and the use of 36mm heads as well as the process of production (after 2006) may play a significant role in the higher rate of osteolysis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III, Case control study, case control retrospective design.

Asunto(s)

Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/instrumentación , Cerámica , Prótesis de Cadera/efectos adversos , Prótesis Articulares de Metal sobre Metal/efectos adversos , Osteólisis/etiología , Falla de Prótesis , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Articulación de la Cadera/fisiopatología , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteólisis/diagnóstico por imagen , Periodo Posoperatorio , Diseño de Prótesis , Radiografía , Reoperación , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Tiempo

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Metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) can be associated with adverse metal reactions, including pseudotumors. This case report describes a 58-year-old female with an MoM THA-related pseudotumor that caused unilateral leg edema from compression of her external iliac vein. After thorough preoperative workup to rule out infection and deep vein thrombosis and consultation with a vascular surgeon, the patient underwent revision THA and excision of her pseudotumor. She had complete resolution of her swelling at 4 years after surgery. Review of all available case reports for this rare complication revealed that almost all patients were female. All patients underwent revision THA, with resolution of their symptoms. Literature review demonstrates that women are disproportionally affected by complications associated with MoM THA. We recommend close monitoring of patients with MoM THA, particularly women, for development of adverse metal reactions.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Pseudotumors are a common finding in metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) and resurfacing hip arthroplasty (RHA). However, information on pseudotumors in metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) THA is limited. METHODS: One hundred eleven patients with 148 hip articulations-30 MoM THA, 47 MoM RHA, and 71 MoP THA-participated in a cross-sectional study at mean 7.1 (range: 0.2-21.5) years postoperatively. Patients were evaluated with metal artifact reducing sequence magnetic resonance imaging, measurements of metal ions, clinical scores of Harris Hip Score, Oxford Hip Score, the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score, and conventional radiographs. RESULTS: Pseudotumors were present in 13 of 30 (43%) MoM THA, 13 of 47 (28%) MoM RHA, and 29 of 71 (41%) MoP THA patients, which was a similar prevalence (P = .10). The prevalence of mixed or solid pseudotumors was significantly higher in patients with MoP THA (n = 10) compared to MoM THA (n = 3) and MoM THA (n = 0), (P = .01). Hips with a mixed or solid pseudotumor had significantly poorer scores of Harris Hip Score (P = .01) and OHS (P = .002) and higher metal ion levels of cobalt (P = .0009) compared to hips without a pseudotumor or with a cystic pseudotumor. CONCLUSION: Pseudotumors have primarily been associated with MoM hip articulations, but we found a similar pseudotumor prevalence in MoP THA, which is the most common bearing worldwide. Mixed or solid pseudotumors were more often seen in MoP THA compared with MoM hip articulations, and patients with a mixed or solid pseudotumor had poorer clinical scores and higher metal ion levels than patients without a pseudotumor or with a cystic pseudotumor.

Asunto(s)

Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/instrumentación , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/epidemiología , Prótesis de Cadera/efectos adversos , Prótesis Articulares de Metal sobre Metal/efectos adversos , Polietileno/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano , Cromo/sangre , Cobalto/sangre , Estudios Transversales , Dinamarca/epidemiología , Femenino , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/etiología , Cadera , Articulación de la Cadera , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Masculino , Metales , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Diseño de Prótesis , Radiografía

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Systemic cobaltism related to metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty has been published in case reports and series with effects on the cardiac, neurologic, endocrine, and immunologic systems. This case report presents a 46-year-old male who underwent bilateral metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty and subsequently developed cardiomyopathy requiring left ventricular assist device implantation. Intervention with bilateral revision to non-cobalt-containing implants resulted in improved cardiac function. This case report will alert clinicians to the presentation of this rare but devastating complication while also displaying improvement following revision total hip arthroplasty. It is our hope this case will aid in early recognition and intervention of this condition.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: An adverse reaction to metal debris is a known complication after large diameter head metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty. However, the failure rate varies depending on the implant design. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of adverse reaction to metal debris, as well as the symptoms and risk factors after undergoing a ReCap-M2a-Magnum large diameter head metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2005 and 2012, 1188 patients (1329 hips) underwent ReCap-M2a-Magnum total hip arthroplasty at our institution. Systematic screening for adverse reaction to metal debris was arranged using the Oxford Hip Score questionnaire, hip and pelvic radiographs, and assessments of the serum chromium and cobalt ion levels. Clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging were performed for the symptomatic patients, as well as those with either chromium or cobalt ion levels ⩾5 µg/L. The prevalence of adverse reaction to metal debris after ReCap-M2a-Magnum total hip arthroplasty was assessed, and the risk factors for adverse reaction to metal debris were evaluated using logistic regression. The mean follow-up time was 5.2 (0.003-9.1) years. This study was an extension of a previous study conducted at our institution with 80 patients. RESULTS: In total, 33 patients (33 hips, 2.5% of all hips) required a revision operation due to adverse reaction to metal debris. Moreover, 157 hips exhibited definitive adverse reaction to metal debris, but a revision operation was not performed (157 of 1329 hips, 11.8% of all hips). Overall, 190 out of 1329 (14.3%) hips had definitive adverse reaction to metal debris. Pain, subluxation sensation, clicking, swelling, a small head size, and a fair/poor Oxford Hip Score were associated with definitive adverse reaction to metal debris. CONCLUSION: We found a high prevalence of adverse reaction to metal debris in the ReCap-M2a-Magnum total hip arthroplasty patients in this study; however, most of the patients did not require revision operations.

Asunto(s)

Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/instrumentación , Reacción a Cuerpo Extraño/diagnóstico , Prótesis de Cadera/efectos adversos , Prótesis Articulares de Metal sobre Metal/efectos adversos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores/sangre , Cromo/sangre , Cobalto/sangre , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Reacción a Cuerpo Extraño/sangre , Reacción a Cuerpo Extraño/epidemiología , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Modelos Logísticos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/sangre , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Falla de Prótesis , Radiografía , Reoperación/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad

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BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of data examining metal ion levels over time. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 59 patients (69 hips) with an articular surface replacement total hip arthroplasty. We reviewed prerevision cobalt and chromium concentrations over time. RESULTS: Seventy-one percent of patients who were revised and had multiple ion measurements (12/17) demonstrated increasing cobalt ion levels or elevated ion levels over time. There was a trend toward an elevated risk of revision for increasing cobalt and chromium levels starting at 12 and 4 ppb, respectively; this was significant for chromium levels above 7 ppb (hazard ratio 22.35, P = .001). Similarly, there was a trend toward an elevated risk of pseudotumor formation for increasing cobalt and chromium levels starting at 5 and 2.5 ppb, respectively; this was significant for cobalt levels above 7 ppb (hazard ratio 6.88, P = .027). CONCLUSION: In this paper, cobalt and chromium levels levels above 5 and 2.5 ppb started to demonstrate an increased risk of ARMD, and should be considered as a lower cutoff for discussion with patients about the potential for future revision.

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Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/efectos adversos , Prótesis de Cadera/efectos adversos , Iones , Prótesis Articulares de Metal sobre Metal/efectos adversos , Metales , Adulto , Anciano , Cromo , Cobalto , Femenino , Cadera , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Diseño de Prótesis , Falla de Prótesis , Estudios Retrospectivos

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Hips with metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (MoM THA) have a high rate of adverse local tissue reactions (ALTR), often associated with hypersensitivity reactions. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) measures tissue perfusion with the parameter Ktrans (volume transfer constant of contrast agent). Our purpose was 1) to evaluate the feasibility of DCE-MRI in patients with THA and 2) to compare DCE-MRI in patients with MoM bearings with metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) bearings, hypothesising that the perfusion index Ktrans in hips with MoM THA is higher than in hips with MoP THA. METHODS: In this pilot study, 16 patients with primary THA were recruited (eight MoM, eight MoP). DCE-MRI of the hip was performed at 1.5 Tesla (T). For each patient, Ktrans was computed voxel-by-voxel in all tissue lateral to the bladder. The mean Ktrans for all voxels was then calculated. These values were compared with respect to implant type and gender, and further correlated with clinical parameters. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two bearing types with both genders combined. However, dividing patients by THA bearing and gender, women with MoM bearings had the highest Ktrans values, exceeding those of women with MoP bearings (0.067 min(-1) versus 0.053 min(-1); p-value < 0.05) and men with MoM bearings (0.067 min(-1) versus 0.034 min(-1); p-value < 0.001). Considering only the men, patients with MoM bearings had lower Ktrans than those with MoP bearings (0.034 min(-1) versus 0.046 min(-1); p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: DCE-MRI is feasible to perform in tissues surrounding THA. Females with MoM THA show high Ktrans values in DCE-MRI, suggesting altered tissue perfusion kinematics which may reflect relatively greater inflammation.Cite this article: Dr P. E. Beaule. Perfusion MRI in hips with metal-on-metal and metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty: A pilot stud. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:73-79. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.53.2000572.

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Little is known about pseudotumor frequency and risk factors for pseudotumor formation among different types of metal-on-metal (MoM) hip arthroplasties. A lower release of chromium and cobalt have been reported in MoM hip arthroplasties with a titanium sleeve compared to MoM designs without a titanium sleeve, but yet it is unknown whether a titanium sleeve reduces the pseudotumor frequency. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate: 1) pseudotumor frequency, 2) risk factors of pseudotumor formation 3) and correlations between pseudotumors, serum metal-ions, implant position, and clinical symptoms. HYPOTHESIS: We expected a lower pseudotumor frequency in MoM hip articulation with a titanium sleeve than reported in MoM hip articulation designs using chromium-cobalt sleeve. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A consecutive series of 41 patients/49 hips (31 males), mean age 52 (28-68) years, participated in a 5.5±0.5 (4-6.5) year follow-up study of their M2a_Magnum hip articulation (Biomet Inc., Warsaw, Indiana, USA). Patients were evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), measurements of serum metal-ions, plain radiographs, and clinical outcome measures of Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Oxford Hip Score (OHS). RESULTS: Eighteen of 47 hips (38%) had MRI-verified pseudotumors, all cystic, with a mean dimension of 10.6×25.6×41mm. Digital measurements on plain radiographs revealed a higher cup anteversion in patients with a pseudotumor of mean 28.4°±5.05° compared to mean 23.5°±6.5° in patients without a pseudotumor (P=0.009). Serum metal-ion concentrations, acetabular cup inclination and measures of HHS and OHS were similar between patients with and without a pseudotumor (P>0.46). CONCLUSION: At 5.5±0.5years after surgery, MRI-verified cystic pseudotumors were frequently observed in M2a_Magnum hip articulations despite the use of titanium sleeves. The pseudotumors were related to high cup anteversion angles but not related to high serum metal-ions or clinical symptoms. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV: cross-sectional study.

Asunto(s)

Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/efectos adversos , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/etiología , Prótesis de Cadera/efectos adversos , Prótesis Articulares de Metal sobre Metal/efectos adversos , Titanio , Acetábulo , Adulto , Anciano , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/instrumentación , Cromo/sangre , Cobalto/sangre , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/sangre , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación de la Cadera/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación de la Cadera/fisiopatología , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Diseño de Prótesis , Radiografía , Factores de Riesgo

RESUMEN

The development of pseudotumors is not uncommon with metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty. Pseudotumors that dissect into the retroperitoneal space can cause symptoms of nerve compression. We describe a case of a 53-year-old male with a metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty who developed mild symptoms of a femoral nerve neuropathy 6 years postoperatively. Revision arthroplasty to a ceramic-on-polyethylene articulation and debridement of the pseudotumor was performed. Postoperatively, the patient's femoral neuropathy progressed and a repeat magnetic resonance imaging showed an increase in size of the pseudotumor despite the removal of the offending metal-on-metal articulation. The patient subsequently underwent a laparoscopic excision of the retroperitoneal pseudotumor. By 17 months post laparoscopic excision of the pseudotumor, the patient's motor deficits resolved, however, sensory deficits persisted in the anteromedial thigh.

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BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: We prospectively studied 78 prostheses with conventional femoral head and 86 prostheses with large head (Magnum) of metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (MoM THA) with two years follow-up. METHODS: Clinical outcomes and blood metal ion were evaluated. RESULTS: There were no significant differences of clinical outcomes between groups. 1.17 ± 1.01 µg/L of blood cobalt ion in Magnum was significantly lower than 1.99 ± 2.34 µg/L in conventional group. No dislocation was observed in Magnum while one dislocation in conventional group. MoM THA with large head is useful if the implants are positioned in appropriate alignment, however longer follow-up will be necessary. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01010763 (registered on ClinicalTrials.gov).

RESUMEN

Patients from a randomised trial on resurfacing hip arthroplasty (RHA) (n = 36, 19 males; median age 57 years, 24 to 65) comparing a conventional 28 mm metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (MoM THA) (n = 28, 17 males; median age 59 years, 37 to 65) and a matched control group of asymptomatic patients with a 32 mm ceramic-on-polyethylene (CoP) THA (n = 33, 18 males; median age 63 years, 38 to 71) were cross-sectionally screened with metal artefact reducing sequence-MRI (MARS-MRI) for pseudotumour formation at a median of 55 months (23 to 72) post-operatively. MRIs were scored by consensus according to three different classification systems for pseudotumour formation. Clinical scores were available for all patients and metal ion levels for MoM bearing patients. Periprosthetic lesions with a median volume of 16 mL (1.5 to 35.9) were diagnosed in six patients in the RHA group (17%), one in the MoM THA group (4%) and six in the CoP group (18%). The classification systems revealed no clear differences between the groups. Solid lesions (n = 3) were exclusively encountered in the RHA group. Two patients in the RHA group and one in the MoM THA group underwent a revision for pseudotumour formation. There was no statistically significant relationship between clinical scoring, metal ion levels and periprosthetic lesions in any of the groups. Periprosthetic fluid collections are seen on MARS-MRI after conventional CoP THA and RHA and may reflect a soft-tissue collection or effusion. Currently available MRI classification systems seem to score these collections as pseudotumours, causing an-overestimatation of the incidence of pseudotumours.

Asunto(s)

Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/efectos adversos , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/etiología , Articulación de la Cadera/patología , Prótesis de Cadera/efectos adversos , Prótesis Articulares de Metal sobre Metal/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/instrumentación , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/métodos , Artefactos , Cerámica , Estudios Transversales , Exudados y Transudados , Femenino , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/diagnóstico , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polietileno , Diseño de Prótesis , Falla de Prótesis/etiología , Reoperación/métodos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Metal-on-metal articulations mimic the human hip anatomy, presumably lower dislocation rates and increase the range-of-motion. This study aims to measure the muscle mass and power of both legs in patients with unilateral metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty, and to investigate their effect on block-step test, spatio-temporal gait parameters and self-reported function. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients (7 women), mean age 50 (28-68) years, participated in a 5-7 year follow-up. Patients had received one type unilateral large-head metal-on-metal total hip articulation, all of which were well-functioning at follow-up. Mean muscle mass was measured by the total-body Dual energy X-ray Absorption scans, and muscle power was measured in a leg extensor power rig. Block-step test and spatio-temporal gait parameters were measured with an inertial measurement unit. Self-reported function was assessed by the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. FINDINGS: We found a significant difference between the mean muscle mass of the implant-side leg and the non-implant-side leg in hip, thigh and calf areas (P<0.008) and in mean muscle power (P=0.025). Correlations between mean muscle mass and mean muscle power were significant for both the implant-side leg (r=0.45, P=0.018) and the non-implant-side leg (r=0.51, P=0.007). The difference in mean muscle power between legs correlated with block-step test asymmetry during ascending (r=0.40, P=0.047) and descending (r=0.53, P=0.006). Correlations between self-reported function and power of the implant-side leg were not significant. INTERPRETATIONS: Young patients have not fully regained muscle mass, muscle power and function 5-7 years after metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty.

Asunto(s)

Marcha/fisiología , Prótesis de Cadera , Extremidad Inferior/anatomía & histología , Extremidad Inferior/fisiología , Prótesis Articulares de Metal sobre Metal , Músculo Esquelético/anatomía & histología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Adulto , Anciano , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteoartritis de la Cadera/fisiopatología , Osteoartritis de la Cadera/cirugía , Diseño de Prótesis

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The outcome of cementless total hip arthroplasty depends on many factors. We must not forget fundamental things those are design of outer surface of the component, that leads bone ingrowth into the prosthesis, better initial stability, and better insertional techniques. The purpose of this study was to review our experience with metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty with a Wagner standard cup for patients who had acetabular dysplasia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-four patients with 55 hips underwent primary metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (Metasul prosthesis) with a Wagner standard cup (44-48 mm in outer diameter) and were followed for a minimum of 10 years. All patients received the same type of cementless femoral component (Natural hip stem) and femoral head (28 mm in diameter). RESULTS: Seventeen of the 55 Wagner standard cups (30.9%) showed aseptic loosening over a mean period of 3.6 years after surgery, and there were no bone anchors on the outer surface of the 16 retrieved cups. CONCLUSION: From our experience, the small Wagner standard cup does not achieve sufficient osteointegration and we do not recommend the use of this cup, especially for patients with acetabular dysplasia and/or those with a small stature.