RESUMEN
Based on the data from 35 major cities in China in 2020, this paper applies the Simpson's diversity index, the entropy value method, and the coupling coordination degree model to comprehensively measure the coupling coordination level of mixed land use and urban vitality in major cities in China and further analyze their spatial distribution characteristics. In addition, this paper analyzes the factors affecting the spatial variation of the coupling coordination level with the help of the geographic probe model. The study finds that: (1) The overall level of coupling coordination between mixed land use and urban vitality is high in 35 major cities in China. There is no disorder between mixed land use and urban vitality. (2) In terms of the spatial distribution of the coupling coordination between mixed land use and urban vitality in 35 cities in China, five cities, namely Beijing, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Chengdu, have the highest level of coupling coordination between mixed land use and urban vitality, reaching "good coordination" with a discrete spatial distribution. Central cities such as Hangzhou and Nanjing have the second highest level of coupling coordination and are at the "intermediate coordinate" with a "strip-like distribution" in space. Twenty cities in the north and south have the lowest coupling coordination levels and are in the "primary coordination." Among these twenty cities, seven cities in the south have a higher level of coupling coordination than thirteen cities in the north, with a spatial distribution of a "C" shape. The northern cities have the lowest level of coupling coordination, with a "W"-shaped distribution in space. (3) Population size plays an essential role in guiding the level of coupling coordination between mixed land use and urban vitality in major cities in China, followed by government regulation and economic level. At the same time, transportation conditions and industrial structure have the weakest influence on the level of coupling coordination between mixed land use and urban vitality in major cities in China.
Asunto(s)
Transportes , Urbanización , China , Ciudades , Beijing , Desarrollo EconómicoRESUMEN
As remarkable human-induced temperature anomalies on the land surface, variations of urban heat island (UHI) and its driving factors have been investigated in numerous studies. However, few studies discussed the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the driving forces exerted by land surface energy fluxes, i.e., net radiation, sensible heat, latent heat and heat storage, on UHI behaviors at large scale and long term. In this study, a comprehensive application of multisource datasets and statistical methods have been implemented based on land surface energy balance theory, the spatiotemporal variations of surface UHI intensity (urban-rural temperature difference) and changes of their driving forces have been quantified. The results demonstrate the dynamics of UHI intensity in 32 major cities of China from 2003 to 2017 are generally coherent with the common perception, the overall surface UHI intensity is 4.57 K higher in summer than in winter. The spatial variations of the fluxes that alter UHI intensity can be largely attributed to the varied energy interactions between vegetated/paved surface and atmosphere and the differences of background temperature and precipitation, the contribution of latent heat to UHI changes declines nearly 40% from semiarid/arid climate at the north to subtropical humid climate at the south, while the contributions of other fluxes are stable. The temporal changes of the effect of these fluxes, however, imply more complex mechanisms. The contributions of sensible heat and latent heat to UHI intensity variations are three times and eight times larger in the warm season than in the cold season respectively, indicating the influence of seasonality of background temperature, precipitation and vegetation. The low contributions of these fluxes in the cold season also suggest the significant effect of other driving forces such as anthropogenic heat, especially in semiarid/semihumid climate zones. This study highlights the temporal shifts of major driving forces of UHI intensity, the mitigation tactics for UHI in different cities and seasons should be customized for better validity.