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Studies have confirmed the significance of touch for psychological wellbeing. Social distancing regulations during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced people's ability to engage in interpersonal touch and caused increased an appreciation for observed touch, as well as a longing for touch within the neurotypical population. Yet, while the impact of social distancing and the importance of touch are evident in neurotypical individuals, it remains unclear how these factors manifest in autistic individuals. Previous research has related high levels of autistic traits to reduced levels of perceived pleasantness of touch and a reduced interest in interpersonal touch. Our study aimed to examine the differences in the appreciation of observed touch and longing for touch during social distancing between individuals with low and high levels of autistic traits. We conducted an online survey on autistic traits, the appreciation of observed CT-optimal touch and longing for touch. Consistent with our predictions, our results confirmed that individuals with high levels of autistic traits evaluated videos depicting CT-optimal touch less favorably compared to those with lower scores on autistic traits. Additionally, only the group with low levels of autistic traits exhibited a longing for touch during social distancing, whereas the group with high levels of autistic traits did not. The results provide insights in the appreciation of touch in relation to autistic traits during the unique circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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To combat the spread of the COVID-19, regulations were introduced to limit physical interactions. This could induce a longing for touch in the general population and subsequently impact social, psychological, physical and environmental quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between COVID-19 regulations, longing for touch and QoL. A total of 1978 participants from different countries completed an online survey, including questions about their general wellbeing and the desire to be touched. In our sample, 83% of participants reported a longing for touch. Longing for touch was subsequently associated with a lower physical, psychological and social QoL. No association was found with environmental QoL. These findings highlight the importance of touch for QoL and suggest that the COVID-19 regulations have concurrent negative consequences for the wellbeing of the general population.

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The waiting for a kidney transplant may generate fear, anxiety or longing. However, the desire for a healthier life should be stronger than any possible fear or risk to be taken. The waiting for a graft is similar to how a lover waits for the loved one and cannot see the moment of their reunion. This is pure longing. And should be like this for all the patients admited to a waiting process. The best way to cope with this waiting time, is to follow the therapy, eat correctly, practice sport and maintain a job. A full life as a human being, despite of all the limitations (food, travel, energy), is the secret to getting to a transplant in the best shape possible, body and mind.

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In recent years, there has been a significant increase in research on mediated communication via social touch. Previous studies indicated that mediated social touch (MST) can induce similar positive outcomes to interpersonal touch. However, studies investigating the user experience of MST technology predominantly involve brief experiments that are performed in well-controlled laboratory conditions. Hence, it is still unknown how MST affects the relationship and communication between physically separated partners in a romantic relationship, in a naturalistic setting and over a longer period of time. In a longitudinal explorative field study, the effects of MST on social connectedness and longing for touch among geographically separated romantic couples were investigated in a naturalistic setting. For 2 weeks, 17 couples used haptic bracelets, that were connected via the internet, to exchange mediated squeeze-like touch signals. Before and after this period, they reported their feelings of social connectedness and longing for touch through questionnaires. The results show that the use of haptic bracelets (1) enhanced social connectedness among geographically separated couples but (2) did not affect their longing for touch. Interviews conducted at the end of the study were analyzed following the thematic analysis method to generate prominent themes and patterns in using MST technology among participant couples. Two main themes were generated that captured (a) the way the bracelets fostered a positive one-to-one connection between partners and (b) the way in which participants worked around their frustrations with the bracelets. Detailed findings and limitations of this longitudinal field study are further discussed, and suggestions are made for future research.

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OBJECTIVE: Violent conflict forced millions of Syrians to flee their homes to host countries. This study examines Syrian refugee women's experiences from the war's outset through their journey to Jordan. It addresses the toll this journey had on their lives. METHODS: Twenty-four in-depth interviews were completed with Syrian refugee women who currently reside in urban areas of Jordan. Researchers translated, transcribed, and analyzed the interviews using group narrative methodology. RESULTS: The Syrian women had unique nostalgic memories of times before the war. They experienced atrocities during the war that forced their decision to escape Syria. Their journey narratives testify of internal displacement, personal and collective traumatic journeys via legal and illegal routes. Almost all the women were placed in refugee camps during their transitions to host country residency. In Jordan, they faced diverse hurdles of displacement and extremely different realities compared to the ones they had in Syria. Despite how very different but difficult each of their journeys were, every single woman longed to return home to Syria. CONCLUSIONS: This study presents a new understanding of the role and process of the journeys undertaken and highlights the concept of "return" as the defining element for Syrian refugee women. Regardless of the hardships women endured to escape their homeland to find safety, "return" marks an ending to their horror journey and the beginning of a new journey of hope for a better future.

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Purpose: All over the world, communities face the challenge of maintaining well-being among older adults. More specifically, understanding the resources required to establish and maintain well-being among community-dwelling older adults is an essential issue. Although longing from a caring science perspective is considered a driver for well-being, it has not yet been investigated among frail older adults. The aim of this study was to explore frail older adults' experiences of longing in daily life and the relation between longing and well-being from a caring science perspective. Method: The study uses a hermeneutical approach and follows a qualitative explorative design. The data comprises texts from 17 interviews with frail older adults and was analysed by content analysis. Results: The results uncovered three themes: Longing for social contacts; Longing for nature and Longing creativity, aesthetics, and music. Longing was positively related to well-being when the older adults were able to fulfil their longings. Conclusion: This study provides an understanding of the mechanisms of longing among frail older adults. Longing, here, is an inner resource for setting into motion the transition towards well-being. Further studies could focus on how frail older adults can be supported to combat the negative forms of longing in daily life.

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Purpose: The study aimed to gain insight into existential longing as experienced by people treated for cancer. Method: An exploratory phenomenological-hermeneutical design was used, and data were collected through in-depth interviews with 21 people recruited from a cancer organization. Results: Three themes emerged: longing to be oneself, longing for relief from suffering, and longing for rootedness. The theoretical understanding of well-being developed by Todres and Galvin was used to illuminate how the life-fulfilling power of longing is inherent in dwelling-mobility. Conclusions: During the theoretical interpretation and discussion of these findings, a new analytic step revealed a state of uncertainty that can influence longing. The findings of this study may help fill the gap in the current health-care approach to cancer survivors by highlighting the importance of a new professional perspective of listening to patients describe their existential burden. Such an approach may create greater clarity and thereby allow longing to flow more freely towards future possibilities and well-being.

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OBJECTIVE(S): Yearning, a hallmark of grief disorders, relates to rumination and potentially to cognitive avoidance. We developed an 8-item short form of the only existing validated yearning measure, the Yearning in Situations of Loss Scale (YSL), to improve its validity and administration ease. METHOD: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted among bereaved Dutch (N = 313) and German (N = 235) community samples and an American treatment-seeking sample (N = 95). All samples completed the YSL, and community samples additionally measures of rumination, loss-related avoidance, complicated grief (CG), and depression. RESULTS: A one-factor model provided a good fit to the YSL Short Form (YSL-SF) in the community samples. A two-factor structure (cognitive and emotional yearning)best fitted the YSL-SF in the treatment-seeking sample. YSL-SF scores correlated positively with rumination, loss-related avoidance, and with CG symptoms whilst controlling for rumination and loss-related avoidance. CONCLUSION: The YSL-SF appears an easy-to-administer and valid measure of yearning after bereavement.

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Those who are obese experience complex moral distress. The norm in Western societies is to be slim, and people living with obesity experience challenges under the gaze of society. They feel great vulnerability and the available treatments seldom meet individual needs. New concepts of embodiment need to be developed to include phenomenological investigations. There is limited knowledge about longing among those suffering from obesity. A deeper understanding of longing from an individual perspective is required to improve treatment. The aim of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of longing by those suffering from obesity. The research was approved by the Norwegian Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics. An explorative phenomenological-hermeneutical design was used. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 18 participants, all with body mass indexes in the range of 30 to 45, which were then analyzed using a phenomenological-hermeneutical approach. Three main dimensions of longing were revealed: longing for normality, longing for what was lost, and longing for simplicity in life. The health service needs to understand better the longings of obese individuals to help them live their lives in greater freedom, based on their own longings and self-care. Focusing on longing may reveal a person's true desires, and the longing may be a form of resistance to the disciplination of society.

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PURPOSE: To gather data from patients and caregivers about their personal experiences with longing. METHODS: Using Fehring's Clinical Diagnostic Validity model, patients and caregivers were surveyed for their experiences with longing. The survey was developed based on two previous research projects (a content analysis and survey of expert nurses). Approval for the study was received from the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Institutional Review Board. FINDINGS: None of the 84 attributes met major criteria (weighted ratios ≥ 0.8), but 19 met minor (weighted ratios of 0.60-0.79) across patients, caregivers, and combined scores. The proposed definition was supported by the respondents. CONCLUSIONS: The phenomenon of longing may exist. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: There is evidence justifying the submission to NANDA-I for a new nursing diagnosis for longing.

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BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to gain understanding of existential longing in health and suffering as experienced by persons who have been affected by a cancer disease. The theoretical perspective of the study is K. Eriksson's theory of Caring Science. METHOD: Qualitative interviews with nine women with cancer were transcribed and interpreted using Gadamer's ontological hermeneutics. RESULTS: Four perspectives of longing when suffering from cancer are presented: Longing as a source to call upon for survival, Longing for the life prior to the illness, Longing directed towards deeper relations in everyday life, and Transcending longing moves towards the ultimate fulfilment. INTERPRETATION: The overall interpretation led to the following thesis about the dimension of longing in the human being: Longing is becoming in a movement towards reconciliation of life, and, Longing is becoming in a movement towards transcending life. CONCLUSION: The results show that there seems to be a dynamic power in longing that can transform suffering and create health.

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Los sentimientos de añoranza surgieron en las entrevistas, y el artículo tiene como objetivo caracterizar en el contexto público, lo que permite reflexiones sobre las posibles relaciones con la experiencia de duelo o pérdida transitoria; aspectos que, además similares a los sentimientos de ausencia y directamente vinculado a los migrantes. Elestudio es descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, analizado a partir del método de análisis de contenido, basado en un paradigma interpretativo. No podría decir que en el contexto de los encuestados, la presencia de este sentimiento está desarrollando a situaciones profundas / melancólica tristeza. Sin embargo, una asimilación más consciente de ese sentimiento a lo largo para ayudar a la integración de los trabajadores en los dispositivos de socialización disponibles, contribuiría a una mejor incorporación de los individuos a la cultura local y la reducción de los posibles daños a largo plazo.

Feelings of longing emerged in the interviews, and the article aims to characterize them in the audience context, enabling reflections about possible relations with the experience of be reavement or transient loss; aspects that besides similar to the feelings of absence and directly linked to migrants everyday can be influencers of mental health. The study is descriptive, using a qualitative and quantitative approach, analyzed from the content analysis method, based on an interpretative paradigm. It was found that the longing and grief, are recurrent for workers. Could not say that in the context of respondents, the presence of this feeling is developing to deep / melancholy sadness situations. However, a more conscious assimilation of that feeling along to aid the integration of workers in socialization devices available, would contribute to better incorporation of individuals to local culture and reduction of possible long - term damage.

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OBJECTIVES: Validate the defining characteristics, related factors, and definition of proposed nursing diagnosis: longing. METHOD: Using Fehring's Diagnostic Content Validation model, expert nurses rated the frequency of longing seen in patients/caregivers. Agreement with the proposed definition was also tabulated. FINDINGS: None of the defining characteristics reached major criteria (>0.80). Six of the 84 characteristics achieved a weighted ratio of less than 0.50. The proposed definition and related factors were supported. CONCLUSION: Current research supports the proposed development of a nursing diagnosis for the human response of longing. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Because the psychosocial characteristics do not make longing easy to assess, continued research is needed to ask patients and caregivers about their personal experience with this human response.

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PURPOSE: This paper uses Rodgers' evolutionary view of concept analysis to define the human response of longing. The purpose is to develop a definition of longing as the first step in diagnosis development. DATA SOURCE: A literature review was conducted by searching the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, American Theological Library Association Religion, JSTOR Philosophy, JSTOR Religion, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases to yield an across-discipline sample of articles. DATA SYNTHESIS: Three researchers identified the attributes, antecedents, consequences, situational context, and surrogate terms of longing. CONCLUSIONS: An operational definition was developed. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Longing is clearly a human response to loss, crossing illness and situations in which nurses encounter patients in multiple settings. This supports the need to further develop longing into a nursing diagnosis.

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O presente artigo objetiva fazer leituras de alguns poemas do poeta piauiense Torquato Neto, articulando-os na perspectiva do descomedimento, o qual tem as disposições anímicas da melancolia e da saudade como ilustração. Faz ainda algumas articulações entre teoria literária e psicologia junguiana. (AU)

This article aims to interpret some of Torquato Neto's poems in order to illustrate the pathos of melancholy and longing in his work. This paper also intents to associate literary theory and junguian psychology. (AU)

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O presente artigo objetiva fazer leituras de alguns poemas do poeta piauiense Torquato Neto, articulando-os na perspectiva do descomedimento, o qual tem as disposições anímicas da melancolia e da saudade como ilustração. Faz ainda algumas articulações entre teoria literária e psicologia junguiana.

This article aims to interpret some of Torquato Neto's poems in order to illustrate the pathos of melancholy and longing in his work. This paper also intents to associate literary theory and junguian psychology.

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O objetivo da investigação aqui relatada foi buscar mapear a utilização do termo saudade em um corpus formado por trechos de 458 letras de canções populares brasileiras compostas e/ou gravadas entre 1927 e 1964 e que possuíam como tema a relação amorosa. Tal corpus foi submetido à análise lexical realizada pelo software ALCESTE (Analyse Lexicale par Context d’un Ensemble de Segments de Texte). Como resultado desse procedimento, obtivemos a formação de cinco classes de formas reduzidas: a) saudade, sujeito movente; b) os porquês (a mulher, o tempo e o sentimento compartilhado); c) coração (onde moram o amor e a saudade); d) sonhar com teu corpo, esperar dia e noite e; e) a saudade em mim. Procurou-se, na discussão desses resultados, a elaboração de um esquema que pudesse captar a complexidade da dinâmica do amor e da saudade no amante saudoso, de modo a proporcionar uma possível chave interpretativa para futuros estudos sobre o tema.

The objective of the investigation here reported was to map the usage of the “saudade” term (longing or yearning for lost or distant love) at a corpus formed by extracts of 458 popular Brazilian song lyrics composed and/or recorded from 1927 until 1964 and that had as main theme the love relationship. Such corpus was subjected to lexical analysis performed by ALCESTE (Analyse Lexicale par Context d’un Ensemble de Segments de Texte) software. Five reduced form classes were assembled as result of this procedure: a) longing for a moving subject; b) why? (The woman, the time, the shared feelings); c) heart (where love and longinglive); d) to dream about your body, to wait day and night, and; e) saudade in me. The elaboration of a scheme capable of capturing the dynamic complexity of love and yearningfor the loved one was attempted in the discussion of these results, in such a way as to provide a possible interpretative key for future studies on the subject.

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