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1.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 279(Pt 4): 135300, 2024 Sep 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39236942

RESUMEN

Cancer poses a significant threat to human health, and there is an urgent need for more effective treatments. Combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy is an effective strategy to enhance curative outcomes and holds great potential for widespread application. The natural phytochemical genistein (GEN) exhibits cytotoxicity against tumors and is a potential chemotherapeutic agent. Lentinan (LTN) is a natural polysaccharide with immune-enhancing properties that has been utilized in tumor treatment. This study constructed a pH-responsive nanoparticle GEN@LTN-BDBA with chemotherapy and immunotherapy functions using GEN and LTN. After characterizing the nanoparticles, the molecular mechanism of GEN@LTN-BDBA formation was explored using in silico simulation. GEN@LTN-BDBA can significantly inhibit the proliferation of A549 and HepG2 cells in vitro. The in vivo experiment results demonstrated that treatment with GEN@LTN-BDBA can significantly reduce tumor cell mass and prevent metastasis. In this nanoparticle, GEN induced oxidative stress and apoptosis of tumor cells. Meanwhile, the released LTN initiated an anti-tumor immune response by promoting dendritic cell (DC) maturation and upregulating the expression of costimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex. The construction method of GEN@LTN-BDBA can be extended to the preparation of other polysaccharides and hydrophobic chemotherapy molecules, offering a novel strategy to enhance the efficacy of monotherapy.

2.
Carbohydr Polym ; 346: 122586, 2024 Dec 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39245482

RESUMEN

Lentinan (LNT), a natural polysaccharide, has been reported to exhibit immunomodulatory effects in the intestine after oral administration. Herein, we aimed to investigate the lymphatic transport of LNT in Peyer's patches (PPs) by traceable fluorescent labeling and to explore whether/how LNT contacts related immune cells. Near-infrared imaging confirmed the absorption of LNT in the small intestinal segment and its accumulation within PPs after oral administration. Subsequently, tissue imaging confirmed that M cells are the main cells responsible for transporting LNT to PPs, and an M cell model was established to explore the involvement of Dectin-1 in the absorption process. Systematic in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that the Dectin-1 further mediates the uptake of LNT by mononuclear phagocytes in PPs. Moreover, LNT can promote the proliferation and differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes, thereby activating immune responses. In summary, this study elucidates the pharmacokinetic mechanisms by which LNT exerts oral immunomodulatory effects, providing a theoretical basis for the development and application of other polysaccharides.


Asunto(s)
Lectinas Tipo C , Lentinano , Ganglios Linfáticos Agregados , Ganglios Linfáticos Agregados/inmunología , Ganglios Linfáticos Agregados/efectos de los fármacos , Ganglios Linfáticos Agregados/metabolismo , Animales , Lentinano/farmacología , Lentinano/química , Lectinas Tipo C/metabolismo , Ratones , Administración Oral , Fagocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Fagocitos/metabolismo , Fagocitos/inmunología , Inmunomodulación/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Células M
3.
ACS Chem Neurosci ; 2024 Sep 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39264814

RESUMEN

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the two most common neurodegenerative diseases in the world. Misfolding of ß-amyloid (Aß) and α-synuclein (α-syn) and subsequent fibril formation are closely associated with the pathogenesis of AD and PD, respectively. Lentinan is a natural product commonly used in medicine and dietary supplements. It has potential antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral effects, but the underlying mechanism of its action on AD and PD remains unclear. In this study, lentinan inhibited the formation of Aß and α-syn fibers in a dose-dependent manner and disrupted their mature fibers. Lentinan inhibited the conversion of Aß and α-syn conformations to ß-sheet-rich conformations. Additionally, lentinan protected Caenorhabditis elegans against damage caused by the accumulation of Aß and α-syn aggregation and prolonged their lifespan. Notably, the beneficial effects of lentinan in AD and PD mice were also demonstrated, including ameliorating the cognitive and memory impairments in AD mice and behavioral deficits in PD mice. Finally, molecular interactions between lentinan and Aß/α-syn pentamers were also explored using molecular docking.

4.
Phytomedicine ; 134: 155965, 2024 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39214015

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Allergic asthma has been regarded as an inflammatory disease mediated by type 2 immunity. The treatment of progressive forms of asthma remains unsatisfactory despite substantial progress in drug development. Lentinan (LTN), a specific polysaccharide derived from Lentinus edodes, exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions. Nevertheless, the effect and underlying mechanisms of Lentinan on asthma remain unclear. PURPOSE: This research investigated the regulatory role of Lentinan on allergic airway inflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction in HDM (house dust mite)-induced asthma. STUDY DESIGN: HDM-induced C57BL/6 mice received different dosages of Lentinan through intraperitoneal injections, to observe the effect of Lentinan against allergic airway inflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction in asthma. METHODS: Mice were intranasally administered HDM extract solution on days 0, 1, 2 and on days 8 to 12, establishing the allergic asthma model. On days 8 to 12, mice were intraperitoneally administered varying doses of Lentinan (5/10/20mg/kg) 1h before HDM challenge. On day 14, samples were harvested for analysis. Cell counting, flow cytometry, ELISA, HE and PAS staining, IF staining, western blotting, RT-PCR, and bioinformatic analysis were conducted to delve into the underlying functions and mechanisms of Lentinan in asthma. RESULTS: Our study revealed that the treatment of Lentinan significantly ameliorated allergic airway inflammation and improved epithelial barrier dysfunction in experimental mice. Following Lentinan treatment, there was a significant reduction in eosinophil counts, accompanied by a diminished presence of type 2 cytokines. Reversal of epithelial barrier dysfunction after treatment was also observed. The therapeutic mechanism involved suppression of the PI3K/AKT/ NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION: Our research illuminated the protective role of Lentinan in allergic airway inflammation and impaired epithelial barrier, suggesting LTN could be an innovative and promising candidate for asthma treatment.


Asunto(s)
Asma , Lentinano , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , FN-kappa B , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt , Transducción de Señal , Lentinano/farmacología , Animales , Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Pyroglyphidae , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Líquido del Lavado Bronquioalveolar , Pulmón/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Hongos Shiitake/química , Citocinas/metabolismo , Masculino
5.
Clin Case Rep ; 12(8): e9228, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39077726

RESUMEN

Shiitake mushroom-induced flagellate dermatitis is a rare but important condition to consider in patients presenting with pruritic skin lesions following mushroom ingestion, especially in regions where such cases are uncommon. Early recognition and appropriate management with oral and topical steroids are crucial for effective symptom resolution and preventing complications. Clinicians should be aware of the characteristic rash and the temporal relationship between mushroom consumption and rash onset. Educating patients about the risks associated with consuming raw or undercooked shiitake mushrooms is essential to prevent recurrence.

6.
J Agric Food Chem ; 72(31): 17392-17404, 2024 Aug 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39056217

RESUMEN

Ketosis in dairy cows is often accompanied by the dysregulation of lipid homeostasis in the liver. Acetyl-coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) is specifically expressed in the liver and is important for regulating lipid homeostasis in ketotic cows. Lentinan (LNT) has a wide range of pharmacological activities, and this study investigates the protective effects of LNT on ß-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA)-induced lipid metabolism disorder in bovine hepatocytes (BHECs) and elucidates the underlying mechanisms. BHECs were first pretreated with LNT to investigate the effect of LNT on BHBA-induced lipid metabolism disorder in BHECs. ACAT2 was then silenced or overexpressed to investigate whether this mediated the protective action of LNT against BHBA-induced lipid metabolism disorder in BHECs. Finally, BHECs were treated with LNT after silencing ACAT2 to investigate the interaction between LNT and ACAT2. LNT pretreatment effectively enhanced the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol, inhibited the synthesis of triglycerides, increased the expression of ACAT2, and elevated the contents of very low-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, thereby ameliorating BHBA-induced lipid metabolism disorder in BHECs. The overexpression of ACAT2 achieved a comparable effect to LNT pretreatment, whereas the silencing of ACAT2 aggravated the effect of BHBA on inducing disorder in lipid metabolism in BHECs. Moreover, the protective effect of LNT against lipid metabolism disorder in BHBA-induced BHECs was abrogated upon silencing of ACAT2. Thus, LNT, as a natural protective agent, can enhance the regulatory capacity of BHECs in maintaining lipid homeostasis by upregulating ACAT2 expression, thereby ameliorating the BHBA-induced lipid metabolism disorder.


Asunto(s)
Ácido 3-Hidroxibutírico , Acetil-CoA C-Acetiltransferasa , Hepatocitos , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Regulación hacia Arriba , Animales , Bovinos , Hepatocitos/metabolismo , Hepatocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido 3-Hidroxibutírico/metabolismo , Ácido 3-Hidroxibutírico/farmacología , Metabolismo de los Lípidos/efectos de los fármacos , Acetil-CoA C-Acetiltransferasa/genética , Acetil-CoA C-Acetiltransferasa/metabolismo , Regulación hacia Arriba/efectos de los fármacos , Trastornos del Metabolismo de los Lípidos/metabolismo , Trastornos del Metabolismo de los Lípidos/genética , Trastornos del Metabolismo de los Lípidos/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastornos del Metabolismo de los Lípidos/inducido químicamente , Triglicéridos/metabolismo , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/metabolismo , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/genética , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/tratamiento farmacológico , Cetosis/metabolismo , Cetosis/genética , Cetosis/inducido químicamente
7.
Small ; : e2402792, 2024 Jun 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38940386

RESUMEN

Adjuvants play a critical role in the induction of effective immune responses by vaccines. Here, a self-assembling nanovaccine platform that integrates adjuvant functions into the delivery vehicle is prepared. Cationic Lentinan (CLNT) is mixed with ovalbumin (OVA) to obtain a self-assembling nanovaccine (CLNTO nanovaccine), which induces the uptake and maturation of bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) via the toll-like receptors 2/4 (TLR2/4) to produce effective antigen cross-presentation. CLNTO nanovaccines target lymph nodes (LNs) and induce a robust OVA-specific immune response via TLR and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) receptor, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions. In addition, CLNTO nanovaccines are found that promote the activation of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and induce the differentiation of germinal center (GC) B cells into memory B cells and plasma cells, thereby enhancing the immune response. Vaccination with CLNTO nanovaccine significantly inhibits the growth of ovalbumin (OVA)-expressing B16 melanoma cell (B16-OVA) tumors, indicating its great potential for cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, this study presents a simple, safe, and effective self-assembling nanovaccine that induces helper T cell 1 (Th1) and helper T cell (Th2) immune responses, making it an effective vaccine delivery system.

8.
Animals (Basel) ; 14(9)2024 Apr 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38731317

RESUMEN

In this study, we investigated the effects of lentinan (LNT) on hematological parameters, immune indices, and metabolite levels in dairy cows. We randomly assigned forty Holstein cows to four treatment groups. The treatments consisted of 0, 5, 10, and 15 g/d of LNT. Compared with the control group, the addition of 10 g/d of LNT decreased the content of ALT and IL-8 but simultaneously increased the content of IL-4 in the cows' serum. Supplementation with 10 g/d of LNT decreased the levels of lymphocyte, RDW, ALT, AST, TC, IL-2, and IL-8, but, concurrently, in-creased the levels of granulocytes and IL-4 in their serum. In addition, supplementation with 15 g/d of LNT decreased the levels of RDW, TC, IL-2, and IL-8, but, at the same time, increased the levels of IL-4 and IgM in their serum. For the metabolomic analysis, cows fed with 0 and 10 g/d of LNT were selected. The results showed that 10 metabolites, including reduced nicotinamide riboside and trehalose, were upregulated in the 10 g/d group. These differential metabolites were enriched in tyrosine metabolism and trehalose degradation and altered two metabolic pathways of ubiquinone and other terpene quinone biosynthesis, as well as starch and sucrose metabolism. These findings provide evidence that LNT could be used to reduce the risk of inflammation in dairy cows.

9.
Poult Sci ; 103(7): 103840, 2024 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38772093

RESUMEN

Marek's disease virus (MDV) is a significant tumorigenic virus that causes severe immunosuppression in chickens. Lentinan (LNT) is an immunomodulator containing ß-glucans and is widely used in areas such as antiviral, anticancer, and immune regulation. To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of LNT on specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks and its potential to inhibit MDV infection, we conducted an MDV challenge experiment and observed the immune-enhancing effect of LNT on SPF chicks. The results showed that LNT promoted the growth and development of SPF chicks and induced the upregulation of cytokines such as Mx protein, interferon-γ (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-2 (IL-2). The specific gravity of CD4+ T-lymphocytes and CD8+ T-lymphocytes and their ratios were also significantly upregulated. Prophylactic use of LNT inhibited MDV replication in lymphocytes, liver, and spleen. It also alleviated MDV-induced weight loss and hepatosplenomegaly in SPF chicks. The present study confirms that LNT can enhance the levels of innate and cellular immunity in SPF chicks and contributes to the inhibition of MDV replication in vivo and mitigation of immune organ damage in chicks due to MDV infection. This provides an adjunctive measure for better control of MDV infection.


Asunto(s)
Pollos , Herpesvirus Gallináceo 2 , Lentinano , Enfermedad de Marek , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral , Animales , Enfermedad de Marek/inmunología , Lentinano/farmacología , Lentinano/administración & dosificación , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/virología , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/inmunología , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/tratamiento farmacológico , Herpesvirus Gallináceo 2/fisiología , Organismos Libres de Patógenos Específicos , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Factores Inmunológicos/farmacología , Factores Inmunológicos/administración & dosificación , Dieta/veterinaria , Distribución Aleatoria
10.
Cell Biochem Biophys ; 82(2): 1421-1431, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38750384

RESUMEN

Pemetrexed is a folate analog metabolic inhibitor that is given for therapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Drug resistance affects the efficacy of pemetrexed in NSCLC. Lentinan is a polysaccharide extracted from Shiitake mushrooms which has antitumor roles in multiple cancers, including lung cancer. However, the effects of lentinan on pemetrexed resistance in NSCLC remain unclear. In present study, The pemetrexed-resistant NSCLC cells were established and exposed to pemetrexed and lentinan. Oxidative stress was investigated via mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1 staining), levels of MDA and SOD.The phosphorylation and total of PI3K and Akt levels were actuated using specific activator 740Y-P and measured through western blot. We observed that Lentinan decreased IC50 of pemetrexed in resistant NSCLC cells. Lentinan aggravated pemetrexed-induced proliferation inhibition of resistant NSCLC cells via reducing PCNA levels. Lentinan exacerbated pemetrexed-triggered oxidative stress through increasing ROS and MDA levels, and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential and SOD levels. Lentinan inhibited PI3K/Akt signaling activation in pemetrexed-treated cells. Activated PI3K/Akt pathway using activator 740Y-P reversed the effects of lentinan on pemetrexed-mediated proliferation inhibition and oxidative stress. Our findings uncover that Lentinan mitigates pemetrexed resistance in NSCLC through inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing oxidative stress by suppressing PI3K/Akt signaling.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Lentinano , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Estrés Oxidativo , Pemetrexed , Transducción de Señal , Humanos , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/efectos de los fármacos , Lentinano/farmacología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Pemetrexed/farmacología , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo
11.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 264(Pt 2): 130621, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38447834

RESUMEN

The immune system acts as a vital defense barrier against pathogenic invasions, and its stable operation is crucial for maintaining body health. Nevertheless, various natural or artificial factors can compromise the body's immune function, leading to immunosuppression, which may interfere with the efficacy of vaccination and increase the susceptibility of the body to disease-causing pathogens. In an effort to ensure successful vaccinations and improve overall physical well-being, the search for appropriate immune regulators to enhance immunity is of paramount importance. Lentinan (LNT) has a significant role in immune regulation and vaccine adjuvants. In the present study, we constructed an immunosuppressive model using dexamethasone (DEX) and demonstrated that LNT could significantly improved antibody levels in immunosuppressive mice and stimulated T-lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation in intestinal Peyer's patches. LNT also increased the production of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in the duodenal fluid, the number of goblet cells, and the proportion of mucin area. Moreover, LNT modulated the intestinal microbiota and increased the production of short-chain fatty acids. Additionally, LNT promoted the proliferation, differentiation, and pro-inflammatory cytokines production of DEX-treated splenic T lymphocytes in vitro. Thus, the present study highlights the potential of LNT in reversing immunosuppression and avoiding the failure of vaccination.


Asunto(s)
Terapia de Inmunosupresión , Lentinano , Animales , Ratones , Lentinano/farmacología , Tolerancia Inmunológica , Intestinos , Dexametasona/farmacología
12.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 264(Pt 2): 130716, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38458275

RESUMEN

Diabetic wound healing is a substantial clinical challenge, characterized by delayed angiogenesis and unresolved inflammation. Lentinan, a polysaccharide extracted from shiitake mushrooms, has the potential to regulate both macrophage polarization and angiogenesis, though this aspect remains inadequately explored. To facilitate lentinan's clinical utility, we have developed a GelMA hydrogel encapsulated with lentinan (10 µM), offering a controlled release mechanism for sustained lentinan delivery at the wound site. Application of the lentinan-encapsulated delivery system topically significantly expedites wound closure compared to control groups. Furthermore, histological examination demonstrates enhanced neovascularization and reduced inflammation in lentinan-treated wounds, as evidenced by increased M2 macrophage infiltration. Moreover, our results indicated that lentinan-induced AMPK activation promotes DAF16 expression, enhancing the resistance of macrophages and HUVECs to oxidative stress in high-glucose environments, thereby promoting M2 macrophage polarization and angiogenesis. All these findings underscore lentinan's capacity to modulate macrophage polarization and angiogenesis via the AMPK/DAF16 pathway, ultimately facilitating the healing of diabetic wounds.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Hidrogeles , Humanos , Lentinano/farmacología , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP , Angiogénesis , Cicatrización de Heridas , Inflamación/patología
13.
Chem Biol Drug Des ; 103(3): e14507, 2024 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38538070

RESUMEN

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an aggressive and devastating cancer due to its metastasis induced by increased invasion. Lentinan is a polysaccharide exerting antitumor roles in multiple cancers, including lung cancer. However, the influence of lentinan on cell invasion in NSCLC remains unclear. Cell invasion was detected by transwell analysis. Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) levels were measured through immunofluorescence staining. The markers arginase-1 (Arg-1), CD206 and interleukin (IL)-10 (IL-10) of M2 macrophages, Wnt3a, and ß-catenin levels were measured by western blot or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Lentinan did not affect cell viability and proliferation in NSCLC cells. Lentinan suppressed cell invasion and reduced the expression and secretion of MMP9. Lentinan attenuated also M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Moreover, lentinan mitigated the M2 macrophage conditioned medium-mediated cell invasion and MMP9 alterations in NSCLC cells. Lentinan inhibited the activation of the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling in NSCLC cells. The activated Wnt/ß-catenin pathway reversed the suppressive effects of lentinan on cell invasion and MMP9 level in NSCLC cells. In conclusion, lentinan reduces cell invasion in NSCLC cells by inhibiting the M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages and the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas , Lentinano , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , beta Catenina/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral/efectos de los fármacos , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Lentinano/farmacología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz , Macrófagos Asociados a Tumores/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos Asociados a Tumores/metabolismo , Macrófagos Asociados a Tumores/patología
14.
J Fungi (Basel) ; 10(2)2024 Feb 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38392825

RESUMEN

Medicinal mushrooms are multicomponent mixtures (MOCSs). They consist of a large number of individual compounds, each with different chemical structures, functions, and possible pharmacological activities. In contrast to the activity of an isolated pure substance, the effects of the individual substances in a mushroom or its extracts can influence each other; they can strengthen, weaken, or complement each other. This results in both advantages and disadvantages for the use of either a pure substance or a multicomponent mixture. The review describes the differences and challenges in the preparation, characterization, and application of complex mixtures compared to pure substances, both obtained from the same species. As an example, we use the medicinal and culinary mushroom Lentinula edodes, shiitake, and some of its isolated compounds, mainly lentinan and eritadenine.

15.
Eur J Med Res ; 29(1): 8, 2024 Jan 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38172925

RESUMEN

Shiitake mushrooms are a fungal food that has been recorded in Chinese medicine to nourish the blood and qi. Lentinan (lLNT) is an active substance extracted from shiitake mushrooms with powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor functions. Inflammatory diseases and cancers are the leading causes of death worldwide, posing a serious threat to human life and health and posing enormous challenges to global health systems. There is still a lack of effective treatments for inflammatory diseases and cancer. LNT has been approved as an adjunct to chemotherapy in China and Japan. Studies have shown that LNT plays an important role in the treatment of inflammatory diseases as well as oncological diseases. Moreover, clinical experiments have confirmed that LNT combined with chemotherapy drugs has a significant effect in improving the prognosis of patients, enhancing their immune function and reducing the side effects of chemotherapy in lung cancer, colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. However, the relevant mechanism of action of the LNT signaling pathway in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Therefore, this article reviews the mechanism and clinical research of LNT in inflammatory diseases and tumor diseases in recent years.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Lentinano/uso terapéutico , Lentinano/farmacología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Pronóstico
16.
Nat Prod Res ; : 1-4, 2024 Jan 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38270464

RESUMEN

This pioneering study explores the structural intricacies of therapeutic ß-glucan in Shiitake (Lentinula edodes), i.e. Lentinan (LNT). Lentinan, a neutral polysaccharide [ß-(1,3; 1,6) glucan], exists in three forms; single, double, and triple-helical, but conformation-dependent bioactivity studies are lacking. In this context, we meticulously assessed indigenous Shiitake accessions from Northeast India, unveiling the conformational spectrum of LNT through an innovative pipeline. The experiment approached the simultaneous estimation of total glucan (TG), triple helical glucan (THG), and single-double helical glucan (SDG). Profiling revealed the exceptional LNT content in DMRO-623 (TG: 46.74%, SDG: 9.34%, THG: 37.39%) which emerged as the highest documented to date. Beyond the culinary delight, this research and the novel approach to LNT quantification will create a pivotal platform for advanced mushroom research, offering prospects for novel discoveries, innovative applications, and therapeutic potential.

17.
Chemistry ; 30(22): e202303843, 2024 Apr 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38217885

RESUMEN

The development of hydrogels based on dextrans, pullulan and lentinan to be used in biomedical applications including tissue engineering is reported. Despite the fact that selected polysaccharides such as hyaluronic acid are well established, little is known, how these polysaccharides can be chemically modified to create hydrogels under controlled conditions. In this study we present a small library of chemically modified polysaccharides which are used for a divergent approach to achieve biomedical relevant hydrogels. In this case the crosslinking is based on thio ether formation between thiol modified donor and vinylsulfone or maleimide modified acceptor components. Successful synthesis of the linker systems and coupling at the polysaccharides, hydrogel formation takes place under physiological conditions. We extended the study by coupling small molecules like adhesion factors for increasing cell compatibility as well as a dye for further studies. The different hydrogels were studied to their rheological properties, water uptake, their permeability, biodegrability and their cytotoxicity.


Asunto(s)
Dextranos , Glucanos , Hidrogeles , Hidrogeles/química , Dextranos/química , Lentinano , Ingeniería de Tejidos , Polisacáridos/química
18.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 254(Pt 3): 128118, 2024 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37977452

RESUMEN

Current rabies vaccines require 5 doses to provide full protection from the deadly virus, which significantly reduce the compliance of recipients. To minimize the number of immunizations herein single injection vaccines were developed. First a single injection vaccine was designed using rabies virus glycoprotein (G protein) as antigen. A time-controlled release system which uses dynamic layer-by-layer films as erodible coating was employed to accomplish multiply pulsatile releases of G protein. The single-injection vaccine elicits potent humoral and cellular immune responses comparable to the corresponding multi-dose ordinary vaccines because of their similar release pattern of G protein. To further improve its performance, a second single injection vaccine, in which lentinan was added as adjuvant, was designed. This single-injection vaccine again elicits humoral and cellular immune responses comparable to the corresponding multi-dose ordinary vaccines because of their similar release pattern of antigen and adjuvant. In addition, the second single-injection vaccine elicits higher level immune response and provides higher efficiency on virus inhibition than the first one because lentinan can booster immune response.


Asunto(s)
Vacunas Antirrábicas , Rabia , Humanos , Rabia/prevención & control , Lentinano/farmacología , Anticuerpos Antivirales , Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/farmacología , Adyuvantes Farmacéuticos , Vacunas de Subunidad , Proteínas de Unión al GTP
19.
Artículo en Chino | WPRIM (Pacífico Occidental) | ID: wpr-1005898

RESUMEN

Objective To investigate the ameliorative effect of Lentinan (LNT) on sodium arsenite (SA)-induced hepatic lipid deposition in mice. Methods C57BL/6 mice were used as the experimental subjects, which were divided into control group, SA-exposed group, LNT + SA-exposed group and LNT control group. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected at the end of the experiment, and serum glutathione transaminase (ALT) and glutathione aminotransferase (AST) levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A part of liver tissues was stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) or oil red O to observe the characteristics of liver pathological damage and lipid deposition, and another part of liver tissues was used to detect triglyceride (TG) and Adiponectin (APN) levels by ELISA. Results Compared with control group or LNT control group, SA-exposed group showed the increased levels of AST and ALT, showing the characteristics of liver histopathological damage and lipid deposition, and the APN level decreased while the TG level increased (P<0.05). Compared with SA-exposed group, the levels of AST and ALT decreased in LNT + SA-exposed group, showing the reduced degree of liver tissue damage and lipid deposition, and APN level upregulated while TG level downregulated (P<0.05). Conclusion Chronic SA exposure induces liver function damage, APN downregulation and lipid deposition in C57BL/6 mice, while LNT intervention leads to the significantly improvement of hepatic damage and lipid deposition, which may be related to the elevated APN level in liver.

20.
Phytomedicine ; 123: 155242, 2024 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38100922

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: This study employed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive treatment with injectable Lentinan (LNT) in combination with chemotherapy for gastric cancer (GC). METHODS: Computer-based searches of 6 databases were performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) relevant to the treatment of GC with LNT through mid-March 2023. Two independent researchers performed risk of bias assessment and trial sequential analysis(TSA), extracted the data and used Revman 5.3 software for data analysis. The certainty of evidence was graded based on the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach. RESULTS: A total of 31 RCTs with 2729 patients were included in the analysis. The results revealed that adjunctive therapy with LNT was associated with improved treatment efficacy (RR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.36 ∼ 1.61, p < 0.00001), improvement in clusters of differentiation (CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+), natural killer (NK) cells, and quality of life assessment (RR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.20 ∼ 1.45, p < 0.00001) compared to using chemotherapy alone. In addition, there was a reduction in CD8+ levels, incidence of white blood cell decline, gastrointestinal reactions, and platelet decline. TSA results indicated that there was sufficient evidence to draw firm conclusions about these outcomes, and the GRADE scores showed 'high' or 'moderate' quality of evidence for these outcomes. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of treatment of GC with LNT in combination with chemotherapy was found to be better than chemotherapy alone. And no serious adverse effects were observed. However, further RCTs are needed to further validate the results of this study.


Asunto(s)
Lentinano , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Lentinano/farmacología , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Resultado del Tratamiento
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