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Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the organic tissue dissolution capacities of 3 different irrigation agitation techniques (IATs) in artificial internal root resorption cavities (IRCs). Materials and methods: Ninety freshly extracted maxillary human incisors were selected. After decoronation procedure, the roots were split longitudinally, and a standard IRC were prepared in the canals on each half of the roots. Then, the bovine pulp samples (~2,3 mg) were previously weighed and placed into the cavities. The root fragments were reassembled and cemented to create a circular IRC within the canal. Teeth samples were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=15); sodium chlorur (NaCl) and sonic irrigation (SI), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and SI, NaCl and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), NaOCl and PUI, NaCl and laser activated irrigation (LAI), NaOCl and LAI. After that, the teeth were decemented and the tissue samples inside the cavities were weighed again. The percentage of weight loss was calculated and statistically analyzed. Results: SI has significantly more successful results than PUI and LAI in groups which the irrigant was NaCl. There was also a significant difference between LAI and PUI in groups which the irrigant was NaOCl (Group 6 ˃ Group 4, p=0.003). There was no significant difference between LAI and SI with NaOCl. Conclusion: Complete dissolution of bovine pulp tissue from IRCs was not achieved by any tested techniques. However, the LAI with NaOCl was more effective than other IATs. In addition, there is no significant difference between the LAI and SI with NaOCl.

RESUMEN

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of several irrigation protocols in the removal of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2 ] from simulated internal root resorption cavities in a complex root canal anatomy model. The 20° to 35° curved mesiobuccal roots of 94 maxillary molars were sectioned longitudinally; internal resorption cavities were prepared in the apical third of the canal walls. Calcium hydroxide was placed into the cavities and the root halves reassembled. Four teeth were used as controls, and 90 teeth were randomly divided into six experimental groups (n = 15), according to the irrigation protocols used: syringe irrigation; H2 O2 (HP); Navitip FX; Vibringe-syringe; Vibringe-NaviTip FX; ultrasonically activated irrigation (UAI) using an ultrasonic K-file. In the HP group, 2.5% NaOCl and 3% H2 O2 were used, while 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA were used in the remaining groups. Stereomicroscope images and radiographs were used to measure the remaining Ca(OH)2 . The model proved to be suitable for simulating complex anatomy. Positive correlation was found between stereomicroscope and radiographic analyses (P < 0.05). UAI removed significantly more Ca(OH)2 than the other experimental groups (P < 0.05). The HP group was the least efficient protocol (P < 0.05). It would appear that a reliable model has been developed that simulates complex root canal anatomy. Irrigant activation protocols enhanced Ca(OH)2 removal.

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RESUMEN

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of six irrigation techniques to remove calcium hydroxide (CH) from a simulated internal root resorption cavity. METHODOLOGY: The root canals of 100 single-rooted teeth were prepared using the ProTaper system to size F5. The roots were split longitudinally, and standardized simulated internal root resorption cavities were prepared in the two root halves. The root halves were reassembled, and CH was placed into the root canals, with the exception of five teeth that served as the negative control group. Another five teeth (the positive control group) were not subjected to the CH removal procedure. Ninety teeth were randomly divided into six experimental groups (n = 15), according to the final irrigation techniques used: conventional syringe irrigation (CSI), CanalBrush (CB), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), self-adjusting file (SAF) system, EndoActivator (EA), and apical negative pressure irrigation (EndoVac system). Five millilitres of 3% NaOCl and 17% EDTA were used in all experimental groups during the CH removal procedure. The amount of remaining CH was evaluated under a stereomicroscope at 20 ×magnification, using a 4-grade scoring system. The data were statistically compared using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests (P < 0.05). RESULTS: Remnants of CH in simulated internal root resorption cavities were found in all experimental groups. SAF and PUI were superior to the other groups (P < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference between the SAF and PUI (P > 0.05). There were also no significant differences between the CSI, CB, EA and EndoVac groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: None of the irrigation techniques was able to completely remove CH from a simulated internal root resorption cavity.

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