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  Background: The STarT (Subgrouping for Targeted Treatment) Back Screening Tool (SBST) is an established clinical evaluation tool that easily assesses the risk of chronic or refractory low back pain. This study aimed to examine the usefulness of acupuncture in patients with low back pain.  Methods: A total of 71 outpatients with low back pain who underwent acupuncture and moxibustion at the Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, between 2019 and 2022 were included in this study, regardless of the specific medical condition causing the pain. Survey items included the SBST and lumbar pain intensity visual analog scale (VAS). Demographic factors and contents of acupuncture treatment were collected from the medical charts. The VAS score 4 weeks after the start of treatment was used as an index of clinical outcome and was analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and hierarchical multiple regression analysis.   Results: Classification using the SBST at the first visit resulted in 36, 30, and 15 patients in the low-, medium-, and high-risk groups, respectively. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed statistically significant differences in the mean VAS values with respect to differences in time point (P < 0.01), group (P < 0.01), and interaction (P < 0.05). The VAS values after 4 weeks in the high-risk group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups (both P < 0.01). In the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, with VAS as the dependent variable, the relationship between SBST classification and VAS maintained a significant positive relationship in all models, including adjustments for interaction terms and patients’ background items. A simple slope analysis indicated that this relationship was more evident in patients with lower limb symptoms than in those without symptoms.  Conclusion: The SBST could be a simple and useful tool for predicting the clinical outcomes of acupuncture.

RESUMEN

  Background: The STarT (Subgrouping for Targeted Treatment) Back Screening Tool (SBST) is an established clinical evaluation tool that easily assesses the risk of chronic or refractory low back pain. This study aimed to examine the usefulness of acupuncture in patients with low back pain.  Methods: A total of 71 outpatients with low back pain who underwent acupuncture and moxibustion at the Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, between 2019 and 2022 were included in this study, regardless of the specific medical condition causing the pain. Survey items included the SBST and lumbar pain intensity visual analog scale (VAS). Demographic factors and contents of acupuncture treatment were collected from the medical charts. The VAS score 4 weeks after the start of treatment was used as an index of clinical outcome and was analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and hierarchical multiple regression analysis.  Results: Classification using the SBST at the first visit resulted in 36, 30, and 15 patients in the low-, medium-, and high-risk groups, respectively. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed statistically significant differences in the mean VAS values with respect to differences in time point (P < 0.01), group (P < 0.01), and interaction (P < 0.05). The VAS values after 4 weeks in the high-risk group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups (both P < 0.01). In the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, with VAS as the dependent variable, the relationship between SBST classification and VAS maintained a significant positive relationship in all models, including adjustments for interaction terms and patients’ background items. A simple slope analysis indicated that this relationship was more evident in patients with lower limb symptoms than in those without symptoms.  Conclusion: The SBST could be a simple and useful tool for predicting the clinical outcomes of acupuncture.

RESUMEN

Background: Parenting quality experienced in childhood affects depressive symptoms in adulthood, and neuroticism and resilience are attracting attention as personality traits that mediate the effects of parental rearing quality experienced in childhood on adulthood depressive symptoms. However, the interaction between neuroticism and resilience remains unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that resilience and neuroticism are mediators between parental rearing quality experienced in childhood and depressive symptoms in adulthood, and furthermore, that resilience and neuroticism interact with each other in their effects on depressive symptoms. To test these hypotheses, we conducted structural equation modeling and hierarchical multiple regression analysis including interactions in adult volunteers. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on 528 adult volunteers recruited at Tokyo Medical University for 1 year from April 2017 to April 2018. The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-revised short version, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were used as questionnaires, and their scores were analyzed using structure equation modeling. The interaction between resilience and neuroticism was analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results: Structural equation modeling showed that parenting quality (care and overprotection) experienced in childhood had a significant indirect effect on the severity of depressive symptoms in adulthood, mediated by both neuroticism and resilience. Among the subscores of the PBI, "care" showed opposite effects to "overprotection". Structural equation modeling of "care" and "overprotection" explained 36.9% and 36.6% of the variability in depressive symptoms in adulthood, respectively. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that the negative interaction between neuroticism and resilience had a significant effect on depressive symptom severity in adulthood. Conclusion: The results of this study show that resilience and neuroticism are mediators of the effects from parental child-rearing to depressive symptoms in adulthood. Furthermore, resilience antagonizes the effect of neuroticism on adulthood depressive symptoms.

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BACKGROUND: Acceptance of disability (AOD) is a key concept in rehabilitation psychology that enhances psychosocial adjustment of individuals with disability. However, the impact of AOD on well-being has never been examined for patients with epilepsy. The present study investigated whether AOD affects quality of life (QOL) in patients with epilepsy in the presence of other multiple aspects of epilepsy based on the biopsychosocial model. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 151 consecutive patients with epilepsy (77 men, aged 18-74 years) who underwent comprehensive assessment including long-term video-EEG monitoring, neuroimaging studies, and neuropsychological and psychosocial assessment in our epilepsy monitoring unit. Data were obtained from medical records and self-reported questionnaires. The outcome variable was QOL. Predictive variables included demographic characteristics, seizure-related variables (i.e., duration of epilepsy, seizure frequency, and number of antiepileptic drugs), psychological factors (i.e., AOD, depression, and self-stigma), and social factors (i.e., social support and education level). Acceptance of disability was measured by the Adaptation of Disability Scale-Revised (ADS-R), which we translated into Japanese with the original author's approval, and examined its internal consistency reliability. Data were analyzed using four hierarchical multiple regression analysis models. RESULTS: The mean ADS-R score was 80 (range 45-115). The predictors accounted for 42% of the variance in QOL (R2 = 0.45, ΔR2 = 0.42, F[8, 141] = 14.47, p = 0.00). Higher AOD (p < 0.01), higher social support (p < 0.01), and lower depression scores (p = 0.02) were found to contribute significantly to higher overall QOL. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed AOD as an important psychological concept, in addition to social support and depression as previously reported, to improve the QOL of patients with epilepsy. Acceptance of disability should be incorporated in the intervention to increase QOL of patients with epilepsy.

Asunto(s)

Personas con Discapacidad , Epilepsia , Humanos , Masculino , Calidad de Vida , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios

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This study examines differences between the level of objective knowledge regarding radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) and risk perception of cell phones in Korea. We also investigate the extent to which socio-demographic factors, perceived EMF exposure, objective knowledge regarding EMF, and psychological factors influence the risk perception of cell phones using hierarchical multiple regression. All 3393 study subjects completed a survey measuring the degree of risk perception of EMF. They were sampled in accordance with representative proportions of sex, age group, and region of residence as shown in the 2019 Resident Registration Population Statistics reported by Korea. The variables that have the most influence on risk perception of cell phones can be induced from the beta values for each variable: The subjective factor, perceived level of exposure to EMF (ß = 0.253), was more strongly related to risk perception of cell phones than level of knowledge regarding EMF, an objective factor in this study. Of the psychological factors, Dreadfulness (ß = 0.331), Personal knowledge (ß = -174), and Familiarity (ß = -089) influenced risk perceptions of cell phones; Controllability did not. On the risk cognition map, people though that it was easy to control risk related to Cell phone use in daily life, while risk related to High technology was uncontrollable.

Asunto(s)

Teléfono Celular , Campos Electromagnéticos , Adulto , Campos Electromagnéticos/efectos adversos , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ondas de Radio , República de Corea , Riesgo , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

This study aims to examine the effects of multidimensional attitudes towards ambiguity on subclinical depression and anxiety in healthy individuals. Attitudes Towards Ambiguity Scale, consisting of four clusters (enjoyment, anxiety, exclusion, and noninterference), Self-Rating Depression Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-trait version were administered to 1019 Japanese volunteers. The result of a regression analysis suggested that the score of Attitudes Towards Ambiguity Scale-enjoyment factor significantly contributed to the Self-Rating Depression Scale score while that of Attitudes Towards Ambiguity Scale-anxiety factor significantly contributed to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-trait score. Among attitudes toward ambiguity, enjoyment may have protective effects against subclinical depression whereas anxiety can enhance anxiety-trait in nonclinical individuals.