RESUMEN
Introducción: El SARS-CoV-2 afecta el sistema respiratorio en diferentes grados. La cavidad oral es el lugar más colonizado por bacterias, por lo tanto, al no tener una adecuada higiene pueden presentarse diferentes enfermedades secundarias, lo que ha causado alerta en el gremio odontológico, ya que puede contribuir a complicaciones posteriores en los pacientes. Material y métodos: El estudio fue conformado por 47 pacientes voluntarios recuperados de SARS-CoV-2, residentes de Montemorelos, Nuevo León, México, donde fueron atendidos en Bucalia Dent, consultorio dental. Después del consentimiento informado de cada paciente, se realizó una historia clínica para conocer los síntomas, enfermedades sistémicas, ausencia de dientes y nivel de inflamación gingival de acuerdo al índice de Loe y Silness. A continuación, se tomó una muestra de biofilm microbiano (placa dentobacteriana), la cual se suspendió en una solución buffer de fosfato, posteriormente fue llevada al Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud (CIDICS), Monterrey, N.L, México. Se extrajo DNA y se purificó, después se realizó PCR para detectar los patógenos orales; la PCR se visualizó en gel de agarosa (1.5%) por tinción de bromuro de etidio. Resultados: Se detectó 80.85% Porphyromona gingivalis y 68.09% Fusobacterium nucleatum en pacientes recuperados de SARS-CoV-2; 23.4% presentaron inflamación leve de acuerdo al índice de Loe y Silness, 54.5% fueron masculinos y 45.5% femeninos. Por otro lado, 36.4% de los pacientes con inflamación leve tenían de cuatro a seis dientes ausentes. En estos pacientes se detectó 18.18% únicamente con Fusobacterium nucleatum y 27.27% sólo con Porphyromona gingivalis; el sexo masculino tuvo predisposición en 66.6% y el femenino en 33.33%. Se observó infección con los dos patógenos presentes en 45.45%; y 60% de estos pacientes fueron masculinos. Conclusiones: Los pacientes recuperados de SARSCoV- 2 analizados en esta investigación mostraron mala higiene oral y alta prevalencia de los patógenos mencionados altamente relacionados a inflamación gingival o enfermedad periodontal, lo que nos indica que es indispensable la intervención del odontólogo al finalizar el periodo de infección de cada paciente (AU)
Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 affects the respiratory system to different degrees. The oral cavity is a colonized place by bacterias, therefore, by not having good hygiene, different secondary diseases can occur; this has caused an alert in the dental industry, since it can contribute to later complications in patients. Material and methods: The study was conducted in 47 SARS-CoV-2 recovered volunteers from the Montemorelos city of the Nuevo León state, Mexico, who were attended at the Bucalia Dent dental clinic. An informed consent was obtained from each of the patients, then their clinical history was documented in order to know the symptoms, previous systemic diseases, absence of teeth and degree of gingival inflammation, as suggested by Loe and Silness. Subsequently, a dental plaque sample was taken from all patients, which was suspended in a phosphate buffered solution and shipped to The Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences (CIDICS), Monterrey, NL, Mexico for storage. DNA extraction and purification was performed and PCR was carried out for the oral pathogens detection. All PCR products were visualized on 1.5% agarose gel by ethidium bromide staining. Results: Porphyromona gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum were detected in 80.85% and 68.09% of SARS-CoV-2 recovered patients, respectively. 23.4% showed mild inflammation based on the Loe and Silness criteria, 54.5% were male and 45.5% female. On the other hand, 36.4% of patients with mild inflammation had between 4 to 6 missing teeth. A single infection by Fusobacterium nucleatum was detected in 18.18% and by Porphyromona gingivalis in 27.27%; the male sex had a predisposition with 66.66% and 33.33% female; coinfection of both pathogens was observed in 45.45% where 60% were male. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 recovered patients show poor oral hygiene and a high prevalence of oral pathogens related to the development of inflammatory gingival or periodontal disease, this suggests the need for an odontological clinical intervention at the end of the course of infection or disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Higiene Bucal , Fusobacterium nucleatum , Porphyromonas gingivalis , SARS-CoV-2 , ADN , Índice de Higiene Oral , Índice Periodontal , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Placa Dental/microbiología , Electroforesis en Gel de Agar , Distribución por Edad y Sexo , Gingivitis/epidemiología , MéxicoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The biologic width is defined as the coronal dimension to the alveolar bone that is occupied by healthy gingival tissue. The objective of the present study was to correlate radiographic findings of biologic width invasion with the periodontium status. METHODS: It were included 14 patients with restored teeth with biological width invasion, on the proximal sites, observed clinically and radiographically. 122 proximal sites were evaluated, 61 in the test group (biological width invasion) and 61 in the control group (adequate biological width). Smokers and patients presenting periodontal disease or restorations with contact in eccentric movements, horizontal over-contour or secondary caries were excluded from the sample. The invasion of the biologic width was diagnosed when the distance from the gingival margin of restoration to the bony crest was less than 3 mm. Intrabony defect and bone crest level, as well as, their vertical and horizontal components were radiographically evaluated when present. Plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, gingival recession height, keratinized gingival height and thickness, and clinical attachment level were clinically evaluated. Data were subjected to Spearman's Correlation and Wilcoxon's test. RESULT: The most prevalent tooth with biological width invasion was the first molar. There was a statistically significant correlation between the bone crest (p < 0.001), vertical (p < 0.001) and horizontal (p = 0.001) components. In the test group, there was a statistically significant correlation between bleeding on probing (p < 0.001; r = 0.618) and width of gingival recession (p = 0.030; r = - 0.602) with the intraosseous component; and between keratinized gingival height and bone level (p = 0.037; r = - 0.267). In the control group, there was a correlation between plaque index (p = 0.027; r = - 0.283) with bone level and correlation between keratinized gingival thickness and bone level (p = 0.034; r = - 0.273) and intrabony component (p = 0.042; r = 0.226). CONCLUSION: A statistically significant relationship was found between bleeding on probing and gingival recession in patients who presented intrabony defects due to the invasion of biological width, which may be also related to the thickness of the keratinized gingiva.
Asunto(s)
Pérdida de Hueso Alveolar/diagnóstico por imagen , Productos Biológicos , Recesión Gingival/diagnóstico por imagen , Periodoncio/patología , Adulto , Pérdida de Hueso Alveolar/etiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Índice de Placa Dental , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Encía/diagnóstico por imagen , Encía/patología , Recesión Gingival/etiología , Recesión Gingival/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pérdida de la Inserción Periodontal/diagnóstico por imagen , Pérdida de la Inserción Periodontal/etiología , Periodontitis/diagnóstico por imagen , Periodontitis/etiología , Prevalencia , RadiografíaRESUMEN
La gingivitis es una enfermedad periodontal de alta prevalencia en la población. El control mecánico de la placa bacteriana y el uso de un agente químico ayudan a su tratamiento y prevención. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la efectividad del colutorio de Manzanilla comparado con Placebo y Clorhexidina (0,12 por ciento) en la reducción de la inflamación gingival en pacientes con gingivitis entre 19 y 25 años de edad. Se realizó un ensayo clínico, mediante muestreo no probabilístico participaron 30 sujetos que fueron randomizados en tres grupos asignando a cado uno de los tratamientos: Manzanilla, Clorhexidina (0,12 por ciento) y Placebo. Se controló a la 7 y 15 días del uso del colutorio. Se evaluó el índice gingival, índice de placa y el índice hemorrágico. Se realizó análisis estadístico donde se mide la normalidad mediante Shapiro-Wilk, y ANOVA para medidas repetidas para la evaluación de los asociados. Los datos obtenidos muestran diferencias significativas en el análisis estadístico paramétrico y no paramétrico. EL colutorio de Manzanilla es efectivo en la reducción de la inflamación comparada con Placebo y Clorhexidina.
Gingivitis is a periodontal disease of high prevalence in the population. Mechanical control of bacterial plaque and the use of a chemical agenthelpfor the treatmentand prevention. The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness chamomille mouthwash compared with placebo and chlorhexidine (0.12 percent) in the reduction of gingival inflammation in patients with gingivitis between 19 and 25 years old. Was perfomed a clinical trial, through non-probability sampling. Involved 30 subjects who were randomized into three groups assigned to each treatment: Chamomile, Clorhexidine (0.12 percent) and Placebo. Was controlled at 7 and 15 days of use of the mouthwash. We evaluated gingival index, plaque index and bleeding index. Statistical analysis was conducted which measures the normality by Shapiro Wilk test, an Anova for repeated measures for evaluating partners. Data showed significant differences in the statistical analysis parametric an nonparametric. The Chamomile mouthwash is effective in reducing inflammation and Chlorhexidine compared with Placebo.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Antiinfecciosos Locales/uso terapéutico , Antisépticos Bucales/uso terapéutico , Clorhexidina/uso terapéutico , Gingivitis/terapia , Manzanilla/química , Análisis de Varianza , Índice de Placa Dental , Índice Periodontal , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Objetivo: Este trabalho avaliou a presença de inflamação gengival em áreas adjacentes a restaurações cervicais de classe V e sua relação com a lisura de superfície e adaptação à parede gengival das restaurações. Metodologia: Foram selecionados dezessete pacientes com ausência de fatores modificadores que alterassem o quadro da doença periodontal, excluindo os pacientes que estivessem em tratamento periodontal ou que concluíram em um prazo inferior a três meses. Os pacientes foram examinados por dois examinadores cegos. O examinador 1 avaliou a margem gengival vestibular em dente com restauração cervical de classe V e dentes adjacentes mesial e distal através de sondagem manual. O examinador 2 avaliou a restauração quanto à lisura e acabamento superficial, e à presença ou ausência de excesso de material. Resultados: Os resultados não foram estatisticamente significantes (testes Qui-quadrado e Teste de Fisher, P>0,05). Conclusão: Não houve relação significativa entre a presença de excesso de material restaurador e inflamação gengival, ou entre inflamação e qualidade de lisura da restauração.
Purpose: This study evaluated the presence of gingival inflammation related to class V restorations and its association with surface finishing and restoration adaptation. Methods: The sample was composed by 17 dental patients with no modifiers of periodontal disease. Exclusion criteria comprised subjects under current periodontal treatment or those who completed periodontal treatment less than three months before. All subjects were examined by two examiners in a blind design. Examiner 1 inspected the buccal gingival margin of teeth with class V restorations and the mesial and distal adjacent teeth by means of manual probing. Examiner 2 evaluated the restoration in relation to surface finishing and roughness, and presence/absence of filling overextension. Results: The results were not statistically significant (Chi-square test and Fisher test, P>0.05). Conclusions: No significant association was found between presence of filling overextension and gingival inflammation, or between inflammation and quality of restoration surface.