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Introducción: El proceso fisiológico de envejecer conlleva a situaciones de riesgo, así como al deterioro acelerado de la salud, que incluye la fragilidad. Objetivo: Determinar el estado del desempeño profesional del médico de la familia para la atención al adulto mayor frágil. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, la población estuvo constituida por 28 médicos de familia. Se evaluaron 4 dimensiones (cognitiva, asistencial, bioética y científica-investigativa) y 18 indicadores. Se efectuó triangulación metodológica para establecer problemas y potencialidades. En el procesamiento estadístico se realizó el análisis porcentual. Resultados: Hubo poco dominio por los médicos encuestados del criterio de fragilidad, así como de sus síntomas y signos (78,5 %), reflejaron un deficiente enfoque terapéutico en los adultos mayores frágiles (57,5 %). Se constató una baja frecuencia de realización de actividades de promoción de salud (85,7 % de los casos) e insuficiente utilización de los instrumentos necesarios para la evaluación multidimensional de los adultos mayores, empleados solo por el 23,0 % de los facultativos estudiados. Entre las potencialidades se observó buena disposición de los médicos a participar en cursos sobre fragilidad y aplicación correcta de los principios éticos y morales. Conclusiones: Se comprueba un insuficiente desempeño de los médicos de familia en la atención integral de los adultos mayores frágiles.

Introduction: The physiological process of aging leads to risk situations, as well as the accelerated deterioration of health that includes frailty. Objective: To determine the state of the professional performance of the family doctor for the care of the frail elderly. Method: An observational descriptive study was carried out, the population consisted of 28 family doctors. Four dimensions (cognitive, care, bioethics and scientific-investigative) and 18 indicators were evaluated. Methodological triangulation was carried out to establish problems and potentialities. In the statistical processing, the percentage analysis was performed. Results: There was little mastery of the respondents of the frailty criteria, knowledge of the symptoms and signs (78.5%), as well as a deficient therapeutic approach in frail older adults (57.5%). The frequency of carrying out health promotion activities (85.7% of the cases) and the use of instruments for the multidimensional evaluation of the elderly was low, used only by 23,0 %. Among the potentialities, a willingness of doctors to participate in courses on frailty and correct application of ethical and moral principles was observed. Conclusions: An insufficient performance of family doctors in the comprehensive care of frail older adults was determined.

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Abstract Objective: to analyze quality of life and factors associated among public university employees retired due to disabilities. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with a sample of public university employees retired due to disabilities. A characterization questionnaire and the World Health Organization Quality of Life - Disabilities instrument were applied via telephone or online contacts from November 2019 to September 2020. The associated factors were verified through multiple linear regression. Results: of the 80 retirees due to disability, 15% were professors and 85% had a technical-administrative career. As for the factors associated with Quality of Life, continuous medication use (βadj: -0.25; p=0.02) and problems in the nervous system (βadj: -0.21; p<0.05) were associated with the Overall domain; continuous medication use (βadj: -0.23; p=0.04), to the Physical domain; smoking (βadj: -0.21; p<0.05) and mental and behavioral disorders (βadj: -0.21; p<0.01), to the Psychological domain; smoking (βadj: -0.46; p<0.01) and respiratory (βadj: -0.21; p=0.03) and circulatory (βadj: -0.21; p=0.03) problems, to the Social domain; smoking (βadj: -0.33; p<0.01) and problems in the nervous system (βadj: -0.22; p=0.04), to the Environmental domain; mental and behavioral disorders, to the Disabilities module (βadj: -0.29; p<0.01) and to the Discrimination domain (βadj: -0.21; p<0.05); and smoking (βadj: -0.32; p<0.01) and problems in the nervous system (βadj: -0.20; p<0.05), to the Inclusion domain. The Autonomy domain did not present any association. Conclusion: the retirees under study presented impaired Quality of Life.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a qualidade de vida e os fatores associados entre servidores de universidades públicas aposentados por invalidez. Método: estudo transversal, com amostra de servidores aposentados por invalidez de universidades públicas. Um questionário de caracterização e o World Health Organization Quality of Life - Disabilities foram aplicados por contato telefônico ou online no período de novembro de 2019 a setembro de 2020. Verificaram-se os fatores associados por regressão linear múltipla. Resultados: dos 80 aposentados por invalidez, 15% eram docentes e 85% da carreira técnica-administrativa. Quanto aos fatores associados à qualidade de vida, o uso de medicação contínua (βaj: -0,25; p=0,02) e os problemas do sistema nervoso (βaj: -0,21; p<0,05) associaram-se ao domínio Overall; o uso de medicação contínua (βaj: -0,23; p=0,04) ao domínio físico; o tabagismo (βaj: -0,21; p<0,05) e os transtornos mentais e comportamentais (βaj: -0,21; p<0,01) ao domínio psicológico; o tabagismo (βaj: -0,46; p<0,01), os problemas respiratórios (βaj: -0,21; p=0,03) e circulatórios (βaj: -0,21; p=0,03) ao domínio social; o tabagismo (βaj: -0,33; p<0,01) e os problemas do sistema nervoso (βaj: -0,22; p=0,04) ao domínio ambiental; os transtornos mentais e comportamentais ao módulo incapacidades (βaj: -0,29; p<0,01) e ao domínio discriminação (βaj: -0,21; p<0,05); o tabagismo (βaj: -0,32; p<0,01) e os problemas do sistema nervoso (βaj: -0,20; p<0,05) ao domínio inclusão. O domínio autonomia não apresentou associação. Conclusão: os aposentados estudados apresentaram uma qualidade de vida prejudicada.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la calidad de vida y los factores asociados de empleados de universidades públicas jubilados por invalidez. Método: estudio transversal, con una muestra de trabajadores jubilados por invalidez de universidades públicas. Se aplicó un cuestionario de caracterización y el World Health Organization Quality of Life - Disabilities mediante contacto telefónico u online desde noviembre de 2019 hasta septiembre de 2020. Los factores asociados se verificaron mediante regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados: de los 80 jubilados por invalidez, el 15% era docente y el 85% era técnico-administrativo. En cuanto a los factores asociados a la calidad de vida, el uso continuo de medicamentos (βaj: -0,25; p=0,02) y los problemas del sistema nervioso (βaj: -0,21; p<0,05) se asociaron al dominio overall; el uso continuo de medicamentos (βaj: -0,23; p=0,04) el dominio físico; el tabaquismo (βaj: -0,21; p<0,05) y los trastornos mentales y conductuales (βaj: -0,21; p<0,01) al dominio psicológico; el tabaquismo (βaj: -0,46; p<0,01), los problemas respiratorios (βaj: -0,21; p=0,03) y circulatorios (βaj:-0,21;p=0,03) al dominio social; el tabaquismo (βaj: -0,33; p<0,01) y los problemas del sistema nervioso (βaj: -0,22; p=0,04) al dominio ambiental; los trastornos mentales y conductuales al módulo discapacidad (βaj: -0,29; p<0,01) y al dominio discriminación (βaj: -0,21; p<0,05); el tabaquismo (βaj: -0,32; p<0,01) y los problemas del sistema nervioso (βaj: -0,20; p<0,05) al dominio inclusión. El dominio autonomía no mostró asociación. Conclusión: la calidad de vida de los jubilados por invalidez que participaron del estudio estaba deteriorada.

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The low level of physical activity as well as overweight/obesity are associated with chronic diseases, which are the predominant causes of mortality, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status and the physical activity level of administrative collaborators in a private high education institution. A cross-sectional study was performed in 2023 in administrative collaborators of an university located in Niteroi, RJ. Collected data: personal information and health data (questionnaire), weight and height for nutrition status ("adequate body weight or overweight/obese" according to body mass index) and physical activity level ("low or adequate") according to international questionnaire (IPAQ, short version). Statistical analysis: SPSS, v.21. Results: A total of 54 administrative collaborators (female 70.4%), with means: 37.7 (10.9) years old, body weight 78.0 (22.3) kg, body mass index 28.2 (6.4) Kg/m², with no statistical difference in age by sex (p=0.78) and higher body mass index in men (p=0.012) compared to women. Overweight/obesity was observed in 61,1% (n=33) (CI: 46.9; 764.1%) of the sample. Low physical activity level in 37% (n=20) (CI: 24.3; 51.3%) and adequate in 63% (n=34) (CI: 48.7; 75.7%) of the administrative collaborators, with no statistical difference by nutritional status (p=0.89) nor by sex (p=0.96). It is necessary the development of actions to promote regular physical activity practices among administrative collaborators, including institutional programs for this purpose. These actions can minimize the risk of obesity/overweight, in addition to other complications associated with low level of physical activity. (AU)

O baixo nível de atividade física, bem como o sobrepeso/obesidade estão associados à doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, principais causas de mortalidade, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento. O objetivo foi avaliar o estado nutricional e o nível de atividade física de colaboradores administrativos de uma instituição privada de ensino superior. Estudo transversal realizado no ano de 2023 em colaboradores administrativos de uma universidade localizada em Niterói, RJ. Os dados coletados foram: informações pessoais e dados de saúde (questionário), peso e altura para estado nutricional ("peso corporal adequado ou sobrepeso/obesidade", conforme índice de massa corporal) e nível de atividade física ("baixo ou adequado") de acordo com questionário internacional (IPAQ, versão curta). Análise estatística: SPSS, v.21. Foram avaliados 54 colaboradores administrativos (sexo feminino 70,4%), com médias: 37,7 (10,9) anos, peso corporal 78,0 (22,3) kg, índice de massa corporal 28,2 (6,4) Kg/m², sem diferença estatística na idade por sexo (p=0,78) e maior índice de massa corporal entre homens em relação às mulheres (p=0,012). Sobrepeso/obesidade foi observado em 61,1% (n=33) (IC: 46,9; 74,1%) da amostra. Baixo nível de atividade física em 37% (n=20) (IC: 24,3; 51,3%) e adequado em 63% (n=34) (IC: 48,7; 75,7%) dos colaboradores administrativos, sem diferença estatística por estado nutricional (p=0,89) e sexo (p=0,96). Conclui-se serem necessárias ações que promovam a prática regular de atividade física entre colaboradores administrativos, incluindo programas institucionais para esse fim. Essas ações podem minimizar o risco de obesidade/sobrepeso, além de outras intercorrências associadas ao baixo nível de atividade física. (AU)

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Digital Dependence is a person's persistent inability to regulate digital devices on which they have become highly dependent. Internet dependence has been described since the mid-1990s, and studies on this topic have intensified since 2010. This type of individual dependence has received considerable published literature, but it is new in the collective setting of organizations, offering the hypothesis that it can also be collective, given the impacts it can provide. Research has evolved geographically from three countries to 17 since the beginning of the last decade, with 7 new scales for digital dependence. There were 13 new revalidations of the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), with an increase from 1,000 to 13,000 volunteers. Geographical evolution and an increase in the number of scales and volunteers and their different profiles were described. New approaches reinforce evolution and its impacts on human behavior. This study provides historical insight into Digital Dependence and opens new prospects for research on the differences between nations and people, sexes, professionals, and the need for further research in organizations.

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Nutrition Literacy (NL) positively impacts diet quality and has the potential to promote health and prevent nutrition-related chronic diseases. Brazil is one of the countries with the highest rates of nutrition-related chronic diseases. Nevertheless, in Brazil, few studies have explored the NL levels of its population. To provide remote access to the Nutrition Literacy Assessment Instrument for Brazilians (NLit-Br) and assess Brazilian bank employees, we conducted a study to estimate the validity of the NLit-Br online and to investigate whether bank employees have an adequate NL level. In the first step, we randomly assigned 21 employees from three financial institution branches to two groups to complete NLit-Br paper and online versions. After an interval period, both groups completed the NLit-Br with an opposite delivery method (paper vs. online). We compared the validity of the digital and paper versions of the NLit-Br by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and the reliability by Kuder-Richardson formula 20. Second, we evaluated 1174 bank employees using the NLit-Br online version. We found an excellent absolute agreement (ICC ≥ 0.75) between the paper and online versions. The questionnaire had good internal consistency (KR-20 = 0.64). The sample was characterized as mostly male (61.0%), married/cohabitant (73.8%), and white (69.8%), with high household income (85.2%), and graduated or postgraduate (97.4%). The mean age of the population was 42.1 (SD = 7.6) years. Subjects predominantly had possibly inadequate NL (62.3%). The online NLit-Br total score was significantly associated with gender, age, and household income (p < 0.05). Women and individuals with higher incomes had a higher degree of NL. Subjects over 50 years old had a lower degree of NL. There was no significant association between the NLit-Br score and the participants' education. The NLit-Br online is a valid instrument to assess NL remotely. The population studied showed a high prevalence of inadequacy of the NL. Therefore, there is a need for targeted actions to improve the NL of bank employees.

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BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers typically perform their work under adverse conditions, increasing their susceptibility to developing burnout syndrome (BO). The paucity of research on the relationship between organizational identification (OI) and perceptions of organizational justice has created the need to address this topic more deeply. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the relationship between OI and BO, identifying whether perceptions of organizational justice act as mediating variables. METHODS: In total, 402 healthcare workers (physicians, professionals, and nursing assistants) completed Colquitt's (2001) Organizational Justice Scale, Mael and Ashforth's (1992) Organizational Identification Scale, and Maslach's (1986) Burnout Inventory. Two competing structural equation models were evaluated. RESULTS: Our partial mediation model showed that the direct relationship between OI and BO was not significant (ß= -0.16; p = 0.07). Therefore, a total mediation model was selected, showing that the indirect effects of OI on BO through perceptions of distributive justice (ß= -0.16; p = 0.00) and interpersonal justice (ß= -0.11; p = 0.02) were significant. CONCLUSION: Adjusting the processes of health institutions considering a vision of organizational justice and increasing the worker's sense of belonging to his or her organization and his or her work team would, in turn, result in a lower probability of experiencing burnout syndrome.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the factors associated with the type of work activity performed by university technical-administrative staff retired due to disability. Method: Cross-sectional research with 68 workers, conducted using an electronic questionnaire between November 2019 and September 2020. Data were collected on sociodemographic, occupational characterization and causes of disability. Data were analyzed descriptively and by multiple logistic regressions. Results: Health professionals were more likely to have mental and behavioral disorders, associated with females and regardless of age. The chances of the nervous system diseases were higher in workers who performed administrative work, being associated with higher education. Operational employees were more likely to have musculoskeletal diseases associated with primary and secondary education and were male, regardless of age. Conclusion: There was an association between work activity performed before retirement and the diseases responsible for disability, with differences between gender, age, and educational levels.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar los factores asociados al tipo de trabajo desempeñado por trabajadores universitarios técnico-administrativos jubilados por invalidez. Método: Studio transversal con 68 trabajadores, realizada mediante cuestionario electrónico entre noviembre de 2019 y septiembre de 2020. Se recolectaron datos sociodemográficos, ocupacionales y causas de discapacidad. Los datos se analizaron de forma descriptiva y mediante regresiones logísticas múltiples. Resultados: Los profesionales de la salud tenían mayor probabilidad de presentar trastornos mentales y del comportamiento, asociados al sexo femenino e independientemente de la edad. Las posibilidades de enfermedades del sistema nervioso fueron mayores en los trabajadores que realizaban labores administrativas. Los servidores operativos tenían más probabilidades de tener enfermedades musculoesqueléticas asociadas a la educación primaria y secundaria y eran del sexo masculino, independientemente de la edad. Conclusión: Hubo asociación entre el trabajo realizado antes de la jubilación y las enfermedades responsables de la invalidez, con diferencias entre sexo, edad y nivel educativo.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar os fatores associados ao tipo de atividade laboral exercida por trabalhadores técnico-administrativos universitários aposentados por invalidez. Método: Pesquisa transversal com 68 trabalhadores, realizada por meio de questionário eletrônico entre novembro de 2019 e setembro de 2020. Foram coletados dados sobre a caracterização sociodemográfica, ocupacional e causas da invalidez. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente e por regressões logísticas múltiplas. Resultados: Os profissionais da saúde tiveram mais chances de apresentarem os transtornos mentais e comportamentais, associados ao sexo feminino e independentemente da idade. As chances de doenças do sistema nervoso foram maiores em trabalhadores que exerceram trabalho administrativo, sendo associadas ao ensino superior. Servidores operacionais apresentaram maiores chances de doenças osteomusculares associadas ao ensino fundamental e médio e ao sexo masculino, independentemente da idade. Conclusão: Houve associação da atividade laboral exercida anteriormente à aposentadoria com as doenças responsáveis pela invalidez, com diferenças entre sexo, idade e níveis educacionais.

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Abstract Introduction: Nutritional status reflects energy balance between food intake and physical activity, thus healthy eating habits should be promoted in the work environment. Objective: To characterize the nutritional status and cardiovascular risk of workers from the Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá Campus) and to determine the factors associated with the presence of overweight or obesity in this population. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study conducted between August 2017 and June 2018 in 131 workers. A bivariate analysis was performed in order to determine the association between the presence of overweight or obesity (Ov/Ob) and the variables considered using Pearson's chi-square and chi-square for linear trend tests, calculating prevalence ratios (PR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals; a significance level of p<0.05 was considered. Results: Ov/Ob and cardiovascular risk were observed in 61.83% of the participants. Belonging to socioeconomic strata 1 and 2 was a risk factor for Ov/Ob (PR=1.8, 95%CI: 1.12-2.89), while having postgraduate studies (PR=0.6, 95%CI: 0.37-0.96) and seniority <10 years in the institution (PR=0.65, 95%CI: 0.43-0.98) were protective factors. A positive linear correlation was found between Ov/Ob and age (p=0.01), as well as a negative correlation between Ov/Ob and educational level (p=0.01) and socioeconomic stratum (p=0.00). Sex, marital status, and position were not significantly associated with Ov/Ob. Conclusion: The high prevalence of Ov/Ob is evidence that the university should promote healthy lifestyles among its workers, particularly in those who have worked for more than 10 years in the institution and those with a lower socioeconomic stratum.

Resumen Introducción. El estado nutricional es el reflejo del equilibrio energético entre la ingesta de alimentos y la actividad física, por lo que se deben promover hábitos alimentarios saludables en el entorno laboral. Objetivo. Caracterizar el estado nutricional y el riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá, y determinar los factores asociados a la presencia de sobrepeso u obesidad en esta población. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal realizado entre agosto de 2017 y junio de 2018 en 131 trabajadores. Se realizó un análisis bivariado para determinar la asociación entre la presencia de sobrepeso u obesidad (S/O) y las variables consideradas usando las pruebas chi-cuadrado de Pearson y chi-cuadrado de tendencia lineal, calculando razones de prevalencia (RP) con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza del 95%; se consideró un nivel significancia de p<0.05. Resultados. Se observó S/O y riesgo cardiovascular en 61.83% de los trabajadores. Pertenecer a los estratos socioeconómicos 1 y 2 fue un factor de riesgo para S/O (RP=1.8, IC95%: 1.12-2.89), mientras que tener formación de posgrado (RP=0.6, IC95%: 0.37-0.96) y un tiempo <10 años trabajando en la institución (RP=0.65, IC95%: 0.43-0.98) fueron factores protectores. Se halló una correlación lineal positiva entre S/O y edad (p=0.01) y negativa entre S/O y nivel educativo (p=0.01) y estrato (p=0.00). El sexo, el estado civil y el cargo no se asociaron significativamente con S/O. Conclusión. La alta prevalencia de S/O evidencia que la universidad debe promover estilos de vida saludables en sus trabajadores, en particular en aquellos que han trabajado más de 10 años en la institución y aquellos con menor estrato socioeconómico.

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Introduction: Disability retirement is granted to civil servants considered permanently incapable of working. Noncommunicable diseases are the main cause of permanent disability and retirement in Brazil. The Federal University of Rio de Janeiro is one of the largest universities in Brazil, and determining the profile of employees who receive disability pensions at this institution is of great relevance. Objectives: To describe the profile of university employees who retired due to a disability between 2003 and 2017. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on disability retirement records for civil servants. Demographic variables such as sex, age at retirement, and employment position were evaluated. Results: A total of 630 cases were analyzed, including 334 (53%) full and 296 (47%) proportional retirements; 499 (79.2%) were aged 30 to 59 years at retirement, and 368 (51.4%) were women. The full retirement rate was higher among those with senior level positions (p < 0.001), in older age groups (p < 0.001), and in men (p = 0.012). Conclusions: Noncommunicable disease was the main cause of retirement. The mean age at permanent disability was early, regardless of sex or retirement type. Permanent disability was more common among employees in positions requiring less education. The disability rate was highest among women.

Introdução: A aposentadoria por invalidez é o benefício concedido aos servidores públicos quando considerados incapazes de forma permanente para o trabalho. As doenças não comunicáveis são a principal causa de incapacidade permanente e aposentadoria por invalidez no Brasil. A Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro é uma das maiores do Brasil, e conhecer o perfil das aposentadorias por invalidez dentro dessa instituição possui grande relevância. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil das aposentadorias por invalidez na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro no período entre 2003 e 2017. Métodos: Estudo seccional baseado no registro das aposentadorias por invalidez dos servidores. Foram avaliadas variáveis demográficas como sexo, idade na ocasião da aposentadoria e cargo de ingresso na universidade. Resultados: Foram analisados 630 casos, com 334 (53%) aposentadorias integrais e 296 (47%) proporcionais. Na ocasião da aposentadoria, 499 (79,2%) servidores apresentavam idade entre 30 e 59 anos e 368 (51,4%) eram do sexo feminino. Foi observado que, nos cargos de nível superior, há maior ocorrência de aposentadorias integrais (p < 0,001 ), assim como nas faixas etárias mais elevadas (p < 0,001 ) e também no sexo masculino (p = 0,012). Conclusões: As doenças não comunicáveis foram as principais causas das aposentadorias. A média de idade da invalidez permanente foi precoce, independentemente do sexo e do tipo de aposentadoria. Servidores de cargos de menor escolaridade estiveram entre os que mais apresentaram incapacidade permanente. O sexo feminino foi o que mais apresentou invalidez.

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Introducción: Los riesgos psicosociales son factores que pueden afectar el bienestar psi-cológico y emocional de una persona en el entorno laboral, como el estrés laboral, la falta de apoyo social y la falta de autonomía en el trabajo. Estos riesgos pueden tener una gran influencia en el desarrollo del síndrome de burnout, una afección psicológica que se carac-teriza por agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y disminución del rendimiento laboral. Objetivo: Identificar los factores psicosociales de riesgo que puedan afectar de manera considerable al desarrollo del síndrome de burnout, planteando medidas preventivas que ayudaran a aplacar los riesgos evidenciados.Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo - transversal, con diseño no experimental, se uti-lizó 2 instrumentos: 1) Factores Psicosociales (FPSICO3.0), el cual está compuesto por 44 preguntas con su subdivisión de 89 sub preguntas, mide 9 factores de riesgo psicosocial (intra laborales); 2) Factores de riesgo Psicosociales (MBI-HSS) contiene 22 preguntas, mide 3 factores para burnout: baja realización personal del trabajo, agotamiento emocional y des-personalización. Resultados: Según la correlación de Spearman (Rho) manejado con margen de error del 0.05, los factores de riesgo psicosocial (intra laborales) tiempo de trabajo, demanda psicológica, participación/supervisión; interés por el trabajador y compensación; son directamente propor-cionales al nivel de burnout. Los resultados muestran que el 7% de personal presenta burnout y el 51% indicios del mismo, a mayor edad hay mayor prevalencia de burnout y el puesto de trabajo con mayor vulnerabilidad es el de médico general en funciones hospitalarias. Discusión: Los instrumentos (MBI-HSS y Fpsico 3.0) utilizados en la presenteb investiga-ción, fueron desarrollados para la población hospitalaria dentro de condiciones laborales, mismos que también han sido utilizados por varias investigaciones previas en el Ecuador y en diferentes países, por lo que el análisis de los estudios previos similares reflejan sobre los factores psicosociales que más inciden en el personal sanitario de las áreas de emergencias tanto ecuatorianas como extranjeras y son similares a los resultados del presente estudio, enfatizando además que el factor carga de trabajo en todas las investigación comparativas, a pesar de ser un factor de riesgo alto, no incide en la nuestra, al ser susceptible de buen manejo y adaptación ante la demanda de pacientes.

Introduction: Psychosocial risks can affect the psychological and emotional well-being of a person in the work environment, aspects such as work stress, lack of social support and autonomy at work. These risks may cause the appearance of Burnout syndrome, a psycho-logical condition characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and work perfor-mance decrease. Objective:Identify the psychosocial risk factors that can significantly lead to the development of Burnout syndrome; propose preventive measures that will help mitigate the risks evidenced.Materials and Methods:Descriptive - cross-sectional study, with a non-experimental de-sign, 2 instruments were used: 1) Psychosocial Factors (FPSICO3.0), which is made up of 44 questions with their subdivision of 89 sub-questions, measures 9 psychosocial risk factors (in-tra-work); 2) Psychosocial Risk Factors (MBI-HSS) contains 22 questions, measures 3 factors for burnout: low personal performance at work, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Outcome: According to Spearman's correlation (Rho) managed with a margin of error of 0.05, psychosocial risk factors (intra-work) work time, psychological demand, participation/supervision; worker interest and compensation; are directly proportional to the level of bur-nout. The results show that 7% of the staff have burnout and 51% have signs of it. The older, the higher the prevalence of burnout; The profession with the greatest vulnerability to Bur-nout syndrome are doctors and nurses working in hospitals.Discussion: The instruments (MBI-HSS and Fpsico 3.0) used in the present research were developed for the hospital employees within working conditions, which have also been used by previous researches in Ecuador as well as in different countries, so the similar previous studies reflect on the psychosocial factors that most affect health workers in both Ecuadorian and foreign emergency areas and are similar to the results of the present study, which empha-sizes the workload factor in all comparative research, despite being a high risk factor, it does not affect ours, as it is susceptible to good management and adaptation to patient demand.

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Reliable serological tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among infected or vaccinated individuals are important for epidemiological and clinical studies. Low-cost approaches easily adaptable to high throughput screenings, such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) or electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), can be readily validated using different SARS-CoV-2 antigens. A total of 1,119 serum samples collected between March and July of 2020 from health employees and visitors to the University Hospital at the University of São Paulo were screened with the Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay (Elecsys) (Roche Diagnostics) and three in-house ELISAs that are based on different antigens: the Nucleoprotein (N-ELISA), the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD-ELISA), and a portion of the S1 protein (ΔS1-ELISA). Virus neutralization test (CPE-VNT) was used as the gold standard to validate the serological assays. We observed high sensitivity and specificity values with the Elecsys (96.92% and 98.78%, respectively) and N-ELISA (93.94% and 94.40%, respectively), compared with RBD-ELISA (90.91% sensitivity and 88.80% specificity) and the ΔS1-ELISA (77.27% sensitivity and 76% specificity). The Elecsys® proved to be a reliable SARS-CoV-2 serological test. Similarly, the recombinant SARS-CoV-2 N protein displayed good performance in the ELISA tests. The availability of reliable diagnostic tests is critical for the precise determination of infection rates, particularly in countries with high SARS-CoV-2 infection rates, such as Brazil. Collectively, our results indicate that the development and validation of new serological tests based on recombinant proteins may provide new alternatives for the SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic market.

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BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic made workers suddenly change their routines and several companies adopted a remote work modality. This change quickly started to be analysed in academic literature. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to perform a scientific mapping on the theme "remote work" to highlight the prominent themes associated with the subject for 2020 and 2021, covering the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Identifying mainly the "motor themes", this study contributes to identify themes developed and relevant to the subjects analyzed. METHODS: An initial sample of 479 articles published in the analyzed period was listed from the Web of Science database. After analysing these articles, 186 were selected and were analyzed by Scimat software. Journals and references were also analyzed. RESULTS: The centrality and density indexes of the sub-themes "job-satisfaction" and "flexible-work" were more evidenced in the analysis, enabling the classification of these sub-themes directly as "motor themes". Regarding the density index of the sub-theme, the classification "stress" was less seen. After a careful analysis of the articles content, it was verified that this is also a "motor theme". CONCLUSIONS: Considering the three defined "motor themes", they can be considered the most developed and important sub-themes of study in this field and, therefore, need to be well understood by new researchers in the field. In addition, these findings show that the mentioned sub-themes must be focused on by managers, considering the relevance that the literature attributes to them.

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Objetivo: Investigar as características sociodemográficas, ocupacionais e de morbidade dos servidores que tiveram licenças por transtorno mental e comportamental (TMC), bem como as associações dessas características com o afastamento precoce. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal (coorte retrospectiva), realizado no Instituto Federal de Educação do Ceará (IFCE), com vistas ao delineamento do perfil epidemiológico dos servidores afastados por TMC (n=250), no período de 2010 a 2018, e as associações das características epidemiológicas (sexo, grupo do cargo, local de trabalho, tempo na instituição, estado civil, faixa etária e remuneração) com o afastamento precoce, através das curvas de sobrevivência de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: Ocorreram 684 afastamentos por TMC em 250 servidores (incidência de 4,9%), resultando em 22.409 dias perdidos de trabalho (DAW) e efeitos financeiros de aproximadamente R$ 6.845.220. Houve um aumento na quantidade de afastamentos, de DAW e da taxa de incidência de servidores afastados ao longo do período do estudo. O grupo dos transtornos do humor (F30-F39) da CID-10 apresentou-se como a principal causa de afastamento por TMC (n=367; 53,6%) e DAW (13.057). A análise de sobrevida mostrou afastamento precoce nos servidores do interior, solteiros, com faixa etária de 18 a 39 anos, tempo de serviço na instituição de até 9 anos e classe econômica C. Conclusão: Houve crescimento no IFCE, entre 2010 e 2018, dos afastamentos, dos DAW e da incidência de servidores afastados por TMC, com predominância dos transtornos do humor, os quais geraram efeitos financeiros elevados para a instituição. Evidenciou-se associação positiva entre algumas características sociodemográficas e o afastamento precoce por TMC

Objective: To investigate the sociodemographic, occupational and morbidity characteristics of civil servants on leave due to mental and behavioral disorders (MBD) and the associations of these characteristics with early leave. Methods: Longitudinal (retrospective cohort) study carried out at the Ceará Federal Institute of Education (IFCE) with a view to identifying the epidemiological profile of civil servants who were on leave due to MBD (n=250) from 2010 to 2018 and the associations of epidemiological characteristics (sex, job category, workplace, length of service at the institution, marital status, age range and salary) with early leave through the Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: There were 684 leaves due to MBD among 250 civil servants (incidence of 4.9%), resulting in 22,409 days away from work (DAW) and financial effects of approximately R$ 6,845,220. There was an increase in the number of leaves, days away from work, and rate of incidence of civil servants on leave during the study period. The group of mood disorders (F30-F39) in ICD-10 was the main cause of leaves due to MBD (n=367; 53.6%) and DAW (13,057). The survival analysis showed earlier leaves among civil servants in the countryside, single individuals, those aged 18-39 years, and those with up to 9 years of service at the institution and belonging to economic class C. Conclusion: There was an increase in leaves, DAW and incidence of civil servants on leave due to MBD at IFCE, with a predominance of mood disorders, which generated high financial effects for the institution. There was evidence of a positive association between some sociodemographic characteristics and early leave due to MBD.

Objetivo: Investigar las características sociodemográficas, ocupacionales y de morbilidad de los funcionarios que estuvieron de baja por trastorno mental y de conducta (TMC) así como las asociaciones de esas características con el alejamiento precoz. Métodos: Estudio longitudinal (cohorte retrospectivo), realizado en el Instituto Federal de Educación de Ceará (IFCE) parala delineación del perfil epidemiológico de los funcionarios de baja por TMC (n=250), en el periodo entre 2010 y 2018 y las asociaciones de las características epidemiológicas (sexo, equipo de cargo, sitio del trabajo, tiempo en la institución, estado civil, franja de edad y remuneración) con el alejamiento precoz, a través de las curvas de supervivencia de Kaplan-Meier.Resultados: Se dieron 684 bajas por TMC en 250 funcionarios (incidencia del 4,9%), lo que resulta en 22.409 días perdidos de trabajo (DAW) y efectos financieros de aproximadamente R$ 6.845.220. Hubo un aumento de la cantidad de bajas, de DAW y de la tasa de incidencia de funcionarios de baja a lo largo del período del estudio. El grupo de los trastornos de humor (F30-F39) de la CID-10 se presentó como la principal causa de baja por TMC (n=367; 53,6%) y DAW (13.057). El análisis de la sobrevida ha presentado el alejamiento precoz de los funcionarios del campo, solteros, en la franja de edad entre 18 y 39 años, tiempo de servicio en la institución de hasta 9 años y de la clase económica C. Conclusión: Hubo un crecimiento en el IFCE, entre 2010 y 2018, de las bajas, de los DAW y de la incidencia de los funcionarios de baja por TMC, con predominio de los trastornos de humor los cuales generaron efectos financieros elevados para la institución. Se ha evidenciado una asociación positiva entre algunas características sociodemográficas y el alejamiento precoz por TMC.

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Introduction: Mental disorders have been responsible for increasing sickness absenteeism, and are associated with long-term disabilities, resulting in reduced productivity and quality of life for workers. Objectives: To describe the profile of sickness absenteeism due to mental and behavioral disorders among federal civil servants in the executive branch in the state of Acre between 2013 and 2018. Methods: In this descriptive time series analysis with a quantitative design, sick leaves for mental and behavioral disorders approved by clinics of the Integrated Subsystem for Civil Servant Health Care of Acre were investigated. Results: Mental and behavioral disorders were the second main cause of absences during the study period, leading to more than 19,000 lost workdays. The prevalence of these leaves ranged from 0.81% in 2013 to 2.42% in 2018. Sick leaves due to mental disorders were granted mainly to female employees aged > 41 years for a period of 6-15 days. The most frequent diagnoses were depressive episodes, followed by other anxious disorders. Conclusions: Sickness absenteeism due to mental and behavioral disorders increased during the study period. These results reveal an urgent need for health promotion programs and prevention policies for these disorders in this population, as well as for further research to assess the impact of work conditions and the organization of work processes on the mental health of federal civil servants.

Introdução: Os transtornos mentais têm sido responsáveis por números crescentes de absenteísmo-doença e estão associados a incapacidades de longa duração, acarretando a redução da produtividade e qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil do absenteísmo-doença ocasionado por transtornos mentais e comportamentais em servidores públicos federais do Poder Executivo no estado do Acre no período de 2013 a 2018. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo de série temporal com abordagem quantitativa que avaliou as licenças para tratamento de saúde por transtornos mentais e comportamentais, concedidas através da perícia médica em uma das unidades do Subsistema Integrado de Atenção à Saúde do Servidor do estado do Acre. Resultados: Os transtornos mentais e comportamentais representaram a segunda principal causa de afastamentos entre os servidores durante os anos estudados, gerando mais de 19 mil dias de trabalho perdidos. A prevalência desses afastamentos variou de 0,81% no ano de 2013 a 2,42% no ano de 2018. As licenças foram concedidas principalmente a servidores do sexo feminino, com idade superior a 41 anos e com tempo de afastamento entre 6 a 15 dias. Os diagnósticos mais frequentes foram episódios depressivos, sendo seguidos por outros transtornos ansiosos. Conclusões: O absenteísmo-doença ocasionado pelos transtornos mentais e comportamentais aumentou no período do estudo. Tais resultados indicam a necessidade urgente de políticas de promoção à saúde e prevenção desses agravos a essa população e de estudos que avaliem o impacto das condições e a organização dos processos de trabalho na saúde mental dessa população de servidores.

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INTRODUCTION: The recent transformations undergone by Brazilian labor court, especially with the introduction of electronic process of law (processo judicial eletrônico [PJe]), had a significant influence on how people work. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms and work ability in public sector employees working in a specialized labor court body. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 449 workers, who provided demographic and occupational information and completed the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and the Work Ability Index (WAI). RESULTS: Symptoms occurred more frequently in wrists/hands (62.4%), shoulders (62.1%), and neck (60.4%) in the past 12 months, and in the neck (29.8%), shoulders (29.4%), and wrists/hands (29.2%) in the past 7 days. The mean WAI score was 38.7 (6.4), and 31.4% of participants had poor or moderate work ability. WAI scores were poorer when participants had previous problems, and the number of body segments involved in complaints was greater among those with inadequate work ability. CONCLUSIONS: Higher frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms in wrists/hands, shoulders, and neck may be related to using PJe for work and is associated with poorer work ability scores, highlighting the importance of preventive interventions for work-related musculoskeletal disorders.

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Knowledge of the psychosocial determinants of physical activity is critical to informing preventive and therapeutic interventions in the workplace. This study reviewed available evidence on psychosocial factors that have been associated with physical activity among workers. Studies were selected in December 2019 from the Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases, with no date limits, using the following search terms: "physical activity", "physical exercise", "psychosocial", "workers", and "working-age". Thirty-nine studies published between 1991 and 2019 were evaluated. The determinants of physical activity investigated among workers were smoking status, stress, psychosocial working conditions, depression, anxiety, social relationships, work ability, job satisfaction, burnout, and self-efficacy. Some consistencies and controversies were observed in the associations among these determinants and physical activity and are discussed, as are suggestions for future studies. The findings of this review may be of interest to physical activity interventions designed to reduce psychosocial risks factors in work environments.

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ABSTRACT Objective To describe the use of psychotropic drugs among civil servants with registered absenteeism due to mental disorders, and to investigate associations with duration of leave of absence. Methods A cross-sectional study with civil servants on leave of absence due to mental disorders, between January and December 2017. Demographic, occupational and clinical variables were extracted from secondary data. Non-parametric tests were used to investigate correlations between use of psychotropic drugs and leave duration. Cluster analysis was used to investigate associations between occupational characteristics and illness profile. Results Antidepressants were the most commonly used drugs (82.9%). Central tendency values for days on leave differed according to the number of psychotropic drugs used. In cluster analysis, a particular cluster (servants of intermediate age group and work experience - mean of 46 years and 15 years, respectively) stood out regarding use of antidepressants, severity of depression and frequency and duration of leave of absence. Conclusion Leave of absence due to mental disorders was associated with higher rates of psychotropic drug use. The group of servants identified in this study may be a primary target for health promotion, prevention and recovery actions at the organization.

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever a utilização de psicofármacos por servidores públicos com registro de absenteísmo por transtornos mentais, e analisar sua associação com a duração do afastamento do trabalho. Métodos Estudo transversal com servidores públicos em afastamento laboral por transtornos mentais, entre janeiro a dezembro de 2017. Variáveis demográficas, ocupacionais e clínicas foram obtidas a partir de dados secundários. Foram empregados testes não paramétricos para avaliar a correlação entre o uso de psicofármacos e o tempo de afastamento. A análise de cluster foi utilizada para verificar a associação entre as características ocupacionais e o perfil de adoecimento do servidor. Resultados Os antidepressivos foram os medicamentos mais utilizados (82,9%). Observaram-se diferenças nos valores centrais de dias de afastamentos por número de psicofármacos utilizados. Na análise de cluster , um dos conglomerados (servidores com idade e tempo de trabalhos intermediários - média 46 anos de idade e 15 anos de trabalho) destacou-se em relação à utilização de antidepressivos, gravidade do quadro depressivo, frequência e duração do afastamento. Conclusão O afastamento laboral por transtornos mentais esteve associado à maior utilização de psicofármacos. O grupo de servidores identificado pode ser alvo prioritário de ações de promoção, prevenção e recuperação da saúde na instituição.

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Resumo Objetivos: analisar o sofrimento psíquico de agentes penitenciários do estado do Rio de Janeiro e apontar os fatores a ele associados no âmbito social, destacando o ambiente de trabalho. Métodos: estudo quantitativo e qualitativo. As unidades prisionais foram selecionadas por meio da amostragem estratificada. Utilizou-se a escala de sofrimento psíquico Self-Reported Questionnaire (SRQ20) e uma escala de apoio social. Variáveis explicativas foram relacionadas tanto ao perfil profissional como aos fatores de âmbito social e do trabalho e foram utilizados modelos de regressão logística (stepwise). Resultados: participaram 217 homens e 100 mulheres, em nove unidades prisionais femininas e masculinas. A prevalência de sofrimento psíquico foi de 27,7%, sem diferenças segundo o gênero. Os sintomas mais frequentes foram: dormir mal (53,0%) e sentir-se nervoso, tenso ou agitado (52,0%). Entre os possíveis fatores que propiciam o sofrimento psíquico, estão: relacionamento interpessoal entre agentes e presos; ameaças constantes; superlotação; poucos profissionais e sobrecarga de trabalho. E entre os possíveis fatores protetores, estão: praticar alguma religião; ter apoio social; contar com a compreensão dos colegas; ter o reconhecimento de seu trabalho e relacionar-se bem com superiores. Conclusão: a superlotação e a insalubridade do ambiente trazem consequências negativas para a saúde mental dos trabalhadores; no entanto, formas de apoio social e valorização profissional podem protegê-los.

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the psychological suffering of prison agents in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and to point out the social factors associated with it, especially in the work environment. Methods: this is a quantitative and qualitative study. Prison units were selected using stratified sampling. We used the Self-Reported Questionnaire (SRQ20) and a social support scale. Explanatory variables were related to both the professional profile as well as the social and work scope factors, and we employed logistic regression models (stepwise). Results: in total, 217 men and 100 women from nine female and male prison units participated. The prevalence of psychological distress was 27.7%, with no gender differences. The most frequent symptoms were sleeping poorly (53.0%) and feeling nervous, tense or agitated (52.0%). Among the possible factors that lead to psychological distress are interpersonal relationships between agents and prisoners; constant threats; overcrowded cells; few professionals and work overload. Among the possible protective factors are practicing a religion; having social support; relying on the co-workers' understanding; being recognized for their work and having a good relationship with their superiors. Conclusion: overcrowding and unhealthy environment produce negative consequences on worker's mental health. However, forms of social support and professional enhancement can protect them.

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BACKGROUND: There is strong evidence that physical exercise in the workplace is effective for reducing workers' musculoskeletal complaints. Studies with industrial workers and studies on progressive resistance exercises during breaks are scarce. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of a resistance exercise program on perceived fatigue control among industrial workers. METHODS: 204 employees from the dairy industry were allocated to two groups, the intervention group (IG) (n = 98) and the control group (CG) (n = 106). The primary outcome measures were perceived fatigue control and maximum muscle strength, measured through the Need for Recovery Scale and one-repetition maximum contraction (1-RM), respectively. Secondary outcome measures were musculoskeletal complaints, physical activity level, perceived risk factors, physical fitness (BMI, vital signs, and body fat percentage), and workers´ productivity. All outcomes were assessed at baseline and then again after 4 months. The IG performed resistance exercises using progressively greater loads while the CG performed general exercise using elastic bands. The exercise protocols were performed three times per week for 20 min. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed using the mixed linear model. Results were considered significant when p < 0.05. RESULTS: The IG did not show to be superior to the CG, although both groups improved perceived fatigue control and muscle strength after the resistance physical exercise program in the worplace. There was also no significant difference between the groups for musculoskeletal complaints and other secondary variables analyzed. However, both groups showed significant improvements between baseline and after 4 months of intervention for all evaluated outcomes (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The implementation of a progressive resistance exercise program during work breaks for perceived fatigue control was no more effective than exercises using elastic bands. However, resistance exercises during work breaks presented better results on all measured outcomes regardless of the exercise protocol used. TRIAL REGISTRATION: U.S. National Institutes of Health, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02172053. Registered 19 June 2014.

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Mesoamerican nephropathy (MeN) is an endemic form of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that is not related to risk factors for CKD, such as diabetes and hypertension. It primarily affects men, rural and agricultural laborers, who work in an extremely hot and dry environment. The greatest increase in the prevalence of CKD, particularly since the late 1990s, has been reported in Central America and Southern Mexico, where the prevalence is almost 9 times higher than in the USA. The highest mortality associated with CKD is reported in El Salvador where a 10-fold increase was recorded in 1984-2005. In histological examination, MeN patients manifest tubulointerstitial lesions and, in some cases, also lesions in the glomeruli. The cause of MeN remains unclear. Repeated episodes of occupational heat stress, and sweating accompanied by water loss, have a significant impact on the disease development. The disease is a significant social and economic problem, and a challenge in the field of diagnostics, therapy and prevention for physicians of many specialties, especially for occupational physicians. Med Pr. 2020;71(3):353-61.

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