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Objetivo: Analizar la función sexual y el síndrome climatérico en mujeres de 45 a 64 años residentes de la Región de Ñuble. Métodos: Se realizó un muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia con 251 mujeres. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos, Menopause Rating Scale y Female Sexual Function Index. El análisis estadístico incluyó pruebas descriptivas, ANOVA y correlación de Pearson. Resultados: El grupo etario más frecuente fue de 45 a 49 años. En síntomas climatéricos, se destacan molestias moderadas en lo somático. La función sexual evaluada por la escala Female Sexual Function Index, muestra variabilidad. La correlación entre Menopause Rating Scale y Female Sexual Function Index indica que un mayor puntaje en el primero se relaciona con menor función sexual. Conclusiones: Existe una prevalencia significativa de síntomas climatéricos en mujeres, con molestias moderadas en lo somático y leves en lo psicológico y urogenital. Variabilidad en la función sexual; puntajes más altos en dolor y más bajos en lubricación y orgasmo. Existe una correlación inversa entre las escalas Menopause Rating Scale y el Female Sexual Function Index(AU)

Objective: To analyze sexual function and climacteric syndrome in women aged 45 to 64 years residing in the Ñuble Region. Methods: A non-probabilistic convenience sampling was carried out with 251 women. Two instruments were used, Menopause Rating Scale and Female Sexual Function Index. Statistical analysis included descriptive tests, ANOVA and Pearson correlation. Results: The most common age group was 45 to 49 years. In climacteric symptoms, moderate somatic discomfort stands out. Sexual function, assessed by the Female Sexual Function Index scale, shows variability. The correlation between Menopause Rating Scale and Female Sexual Function Index indicates that a higher Menopause Rating Scale score is related to lower sexual function. Conclusions: There is a significant prevalence of climacteric symptoms in women, with moderate somatic discomfort and mild psychological and urogenital discomfort. Variability in sexual function; higher scores on pain and lower on lubrication and orgasm. There is an inverse correlation between the Menopause Rating Scale and Female Sexual Function Index scales(AU)

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OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated whether the consumption of a cereal bar combining different phytoestrogens could contribute to the reduction of climacteric symptoms in women. METHODS: This is a clinical, prospective, randomized, simple-blind trial. Forty-eight women, aged 40-65 years, with climacteric symptoms, from a city in southwestern Paraná, Brazil. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups; Phytoestrogens group (PHY = 24), which received for 90-day period a cereal bar containing 80.73 milligrams of soybean and flaxseed phytoestrogens, and the placebo group (PLA = 24), which consumed rice flakes biscuit. Clinical, sociodemographic and anthropometric data were collected and climacteric symptoms were assessed using the Kupperman Index (KI). RESULTS: Forty-three women were analyzed (PHY = 21 and PLA = 22). There were significant reductions in the overall KI score in both groups at the end of the intervention period (p < 0.05). However, the comparison between the groups using linear regression models presented expressively better symptom improvement in the PHY group -6.43 over time (95% CI: -11.6; -1.26; p < 0.05) KI points, with perimenopausal -15.15 (95% CI: -28.95; -1.35) and postmenopausal women -19.34 (95% CI: -33.68; -4.99) showed considerably greater reductions in symptoms at the end of the intervention period compared to premenopausal women. There was also significant reduction in symptoms of hot flushes, paresthesia, sexual complaints, insomnia and melancholy. CONCLUSION: The consumption of a cereal bar containing phytoestrogens was able to improve the symptoms of climacteric syndrome.

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O climatério é o período de transição entre a fase reprodutiva e não reprodutiva da mulher, que ocorre habitualmente entre os 40 a 65 anos. Este período geralmente é marcado por alterações que vão além das mudanças físicas. Muitas mulheres podem passar pelo climatério sem queixas ou sem precisar de tratamentos; em outros casos podem ocorrer sintomas de diversos tipos e intensidade, os mais relatados são: calores (fogachos), sudorese fria, insônia e alterações psicoemocionais. A terapia de reposição hormonal (TRH) ainda é o meio de tratamento mais indicado pelos profissionais da saúde no tratamento das queixas climatéricas e para reposição de estrogênio. No entanto, pode causar diferentes efeitos adversos. Com isso é necessário investigar outras formas de tratamento que auxiliem no combate às queixas climatéricas. Objetivo: Analisar os medicamentos fitoterápicos e plantas medicinais utilizados para minimizar os sintomas da síndrome climatérica. Método: Foi realizada uma busca rápida de literatura nas bases de dados: BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde), Pubmed, MedLine, Lilacs e Scielo, no período de 2005 a 2020. Resultando na análise de 8 ensaios clínicos randomizados que se adequaram aos critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Foi encontrada eficácia no uso da isoflavona de soja, Actaea racemosa L., extrato das raízes de Rheum rhaponticum, extrato de cohosh preto (Cimicifuga racemosa) e erva de São João (Hypericum perforatum) e Morus Nigra L. sobre os sintomas do climatério. Conclusão: O uso da fitoterapia mostrou-se uma alternativa no tratamento das queixas climatéricas. No entanto, é necessário que haja a realização de novos estudos para a determinação da posologia mais adequada.

The climacteric is the transition period between the reproductive and non-reproductive phases of women,which usually occurs between the ages of 40 and 65. This period is usually marked bychanges that go beyond physical changes. Many women can go through the climacteric without complaints or needing treatment; In other cases, symptoms of different types and intensity may occur, the most reported of which are: hot flashes, cold sweats, insomnia and psycho-emotional changes. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is still the method of treatment most recommended by health professionals in the treatment of climacteric complaints and estrogen replacement. However, it can cause different adverse effects. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate other forms of treatment that help combat climacteric complaints. Objective: To analyze herbal medicines and medicinal plants used to minimize the symptoms of climacteric syndrome. Method: A quick literature search was carried out in the databases: VHL (Virtual Health Library), Pubmed, MedLine, Lilacs and Scielo, from 2005 to 2020. Resulting in the analysis of 8 randomized clinical trials that met the criteria of inclusion. Results: Efficacy was found in the use of soy isoflavone, Actaea racemosa L., extract from the roots of Rheum rhaponticum, extract of black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) and St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) and Morus Nigra L. on the symptoms of climacteric. Conclusion: The use of herbal medicine proved to be an alternative in the treatment of climacteric complaints. However, further studies must be carried out to determine the most appropriate dosage.

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introducción: Es evidente que el síndrome climatérico puede manifestarse de formas diferentes, con un mayor o menor grado de intensidad, de acuerdo a las condiciones sociales y ambientales de cada mujer, esto puede afectar el patrón biológico y variar su estado de salud.Objetivos: Caracterizar a las mujeres de edad mediana en virtud de la intensidad del síndrome climatérico y un conjunto de características biológicas, psicológicas y sociales, así como identificar entre las variables evaluadas, aquellas que constituyen factores de riesgo para los niveles más intensos del síndrome climatérico en las mujeres de edad mediana Métodos: La investigación clasifica como observacional, que transita del nivel descriptivo al analítico, con una muestra de 532 mujeres de edad entre 40 a 59 años del municipio Plaza de la Revolución durante el primer semestre de 2017. Las variables estudiadas fueron edad en años, edad de aparición de los síntomas, apoyo familiar y cantidad de enfermedades. Resultados: La intensidad del síndrome climatérico en mujeres de edad mediana, de manera global, mostró ser menos intenso en aquellas que no han tenido la menopausia, con una tendencia decreciente con la edad en este segmento poblacional. Conclusiones: La intensidad del síndrome climatérico está asociada con la edad cronológica de la mujer de edad mediana, la edad de aparición de la menopausia, el apoyo familiar y la cantidad de enfermedades relacionadas(AU)

Introduction: The climacteric syndrome can evidently manifest itself in different ways, with a greater or lower degree of intensity. According to the social and environmental conditions of each woman, this can affect the biological pattern and vary the woman's state of health. Objectives: To characterize women of middle age based on the intensity of the climacteric syndrome and a set of biological, psychological and social characteristics, as well as to identify, among the variables evaluated, those that constitute risk factors for the most intense levels of the climacteric syndrome in women of middle age. Methods: The research was classified as observational, which moves from the descriptive to the analytical level, with a sample of 532 women aged 40-59 years of Plaza de la Revolución Municipality during the first semester of 2017. The variables studied were age in years, age of symptoms onset, family support and number of diseases. Results: The intensity of the climacteric syndrome in women of middle age showed to be globally less intense in those that have not had menopause, with a tendency that decreases with age in this population segment. Conclusions: The intensity of the climacteric syndrome is associated with the chronological age of the woman of middle age, the age of menopause onset, family support and the number of associated diseases(AU)

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Introducción: El síndrome climatérico se puede definir como el conjunto de signos y síntomas que se presentan en la perimenopausia y postmenopausia, incluye síntomas vasomotores, alteraciones del sueño, alteraciones psicológicas y atrofia genital. Objetivo: Conocer el impacto del síndrome climatérico sobre la función sexual y calidad de vida de las mujeres que atraviesan esta etapa de la vida. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica. Los artículos revisados fueron obtenidos de fuentes como Google Académico, Pubmed, LILACS; la selección de la bibliografía comprendió artículos publicados entre 2011 y 2018. Conclusiones: La sexualidad en este periodo y la vejez es un tema de vital importancia para la salud pública. La disfunción sexual como resultado del síndrome climatérico desencadena sentimientos de baja autoestima, desapego y frustración, lo que ocasiona en la mujer que lo padece desinterés por el sexo y un impacto negativo muy claro en su calidad de vida.

The climacteric syndrome can be defined as a set of signs and symptoms that appear in perimenopause and postmenopause, including vasomotor symptoms, sleep disturbances, psychological alterations and genital atrophy. Objective: To know the impact of the climacteric syndrome on the sexual function and quality of life of the women going through this stage of life. Methods: The present work is literature review. Reviewed articles were obtained from sources such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, LILACS; the selection of literature included articles published between 2011 and 2018. Conclusions: Sexuality in this period and old age is a topic of vital importance for public health. Sexual dysfuntion as a result of climateric syndrome originates feelings of low self­esteem, detachment and frustration, causing disinterest in sex, having a clear negative impact on women quality of life.

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Introducción: el estudio del climaterio y la menopausia tiene gran importancia y vigencia por su morbilidad asociada. Objetivo: determinar la presencia de factores de riesgo ateroscleróticos con la intensidad y evolución del síndrome climatérico en este grupo. Métodos: estudio prospectivo y de intervención en mujeres de 40 a 59 años con síndrome climatérico a las que se les aplicó terapia hormonal -previo consentimiento informado- y se observó la respuesta evolutiva al mismo. Resultados: las variables estudiadas: sobrepeso, obesidad, sedentarismo, hábito de fumar, circunferencia de cintura, hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus tipo 2; así como la sobrecarga de género que tenían dichas mujeres, tuvieron relación con la presencia y evolución desfavorable del síndrome climatérico. La obesidad y el sobrepeso son las de mayor influencia sobre la evolución de este síndrome. La otra variable de mayor importancia fue el hábito de fumar. En orden de importancia le siguió el sedentarismo. Conclusiones: los factores de riesgo para aterosclerosis estudiados se asociaron con síndrome climatérico más intenso y con una evolución desfavorable del mismo, aporte científico de esta investigación, lo que también ocurrió con la sobrecarga de género. El aumento de la circunferencia de cintura, el índice de masa corporal elevado y el tabaquismo fueron los factores de riesgo de mayor importancia en la evolución desfavorable de dicho síndrome(AU)

Introduction: The study of climacteric and menopause has great importance and validity due to its associated morbidity. Objective: Determine the presence of atherosclerotic risk factors with the intensity and evolution of the climacteric syndrome in this group. Methods: A prospective and interventional study was carried out in women aged 40 to 59 years with climacteric syndrome who received hormone therapy - previous informed consent. The evolutionary response was observed. Results: The variables studied (overweight, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking habits, waist circumference, arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus), these women gender overload were related to the presence and unfavorable evolution of the climacteric syndrome. Obesity and overweight are the most influential on this syndrome evolution. The other major variable was smoking. In order of importance, sedentary followed. Conclusions: The atherosclerosis risk factors studied were associated with a more intense climacteric syndrome and with an unfavorable evolution of them, which is the scientific contribution of this research. Increased waist circumference, high body mass index and smoking habits were the most important risk factors for the unfavorable evolution of this syndrome(AU)

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Introducción: el estudio del climaterio y la menopausia tiene gran importancia y vigencia por su morbilidad asociada. Objetivo: determinar la presencia de factores de riesgo ateroscleróticos con la intensidad y evolución del síndrome climatérico en este grupo. Métodos: estudio prospectivo y de intervención en mujeres de 40 a 59 años con síndrome climatérico a las que se les aplicó terapia hormonal -previo consentimiento informado- y se observó la respuesta evolutiva al mismo. Resultados: las variables estudiadas: sobrepeso, obesidad, sedentarismo, hábito de fumar, circunferencia de cintura, hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus tipo 2; así como la sobrecarga de género que tenían dichas mujeres, tuvieron relación con la presencia y evolución desfavorable del síndrome climatérico. La obesidad y el sobrepeso son las de mayor influencia sobre la evolución de este síndrome. La otra variable de mayor importancia fue el hábito de fumar. En orden de importancia le siguió el sedentarismo. Conclusiones: los factores de riesgo para aterosclerosis estudiados se asociaron con síndrome climatérico más intenso y con una evolución desfavorable del mismo, aporte científico de esta investigación, lo que también ocurrió con la sobrecarga de género. El aumento de la circunferencia de cintura, el índice de masa corporal elevado y el tabaquismo fueron los factores de riesgo de mayor importancia en la evolución desfavorable de dicho síndrome(AU)

Introduction: The study of climacteric and menopause has great importance and validity due to its associated morbidity. Objective: Determine the presence of atherosclerotic risk factors with the intensity and evolution of the climacteric syndrome in this group. Methods: A prospective and interventional study was carried out in women aged 40 to 59 years with climacteric syndrome who received hormone therapy - previous informed consent. The evolutionary response was observed. Results: The variables studied (overweight, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking habits, waist circumference, arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus), these women gender overload were related to the presence and unfavorable evolution of the climacteric syndrome. Obesity and overweight are the most influential on this syndrome evolution. The other major variable was smoking. In order of importance, sedentary followed. Conclusions: The atherosclerosis risk factors studied were associated with a more intense climacteric syndrome and with an unfavorable evolution of them, which is the scientific contribution of this research. Increased waist circumference, high body mass index and smoking habits were the most important risk factors for the unfavorable evolution of this syndrome(AU)

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Se efectuó una intervención educativa en 82 mujeres de edad mediana con síndrome climatérico, pertenecientes a la Policlínica nr 1 "Francisca Rivero" de Manzanillo en Granma, desde enero hasta junio del 2012, a fin de modificar algunos conocimientos sobre el climaterio y así mejorar la calidad de vida de estas féminas. En la casuística, el hábito de fumar, así como los antecedentes de trastornos menstruales influyeron para que se adelantara la menopausia. Asimismo, los sofocos y la sudoresis figuraron entre los síntomas vasomotores más relevantes. Antes de la acción educativa, la mayoría de las afectadas tenían nociones inadecuadas al respecto y después de esta lograron modificarlas positivamente, por lo cual se demostró la efectividad del programa de actividades aplicado.

An educational intervention was carried out in 82 middle-age women with climacteric syndrome, belonging to "Francisca Rivero" Polyclinic nr 1 in Manzanillo Granma, from January to June, 2012, in order to modify some knowledge on climacterium and in this way to improve the life quality of these female patients. In the case material, the smoking habit as well as the history of menstrual disorders influenced so as to advance menopause. Likewise, hot flashes and sudoresis were among the most relevant vasomotor symptoms. Before the educational action, most of the affected women had inadequate notions in this respect and after this they were able to modify them positively, reason why the effectiveness of the applied program of activities was demonstrated.

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Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y longitudinal de 221 mujeres con menopausia artificial por doble ooforectomía, que asistieron a la consulta especializada para la atención al climaterio y la menopausia, del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero de 2009 hasta agosto de 2012. La edad promedio de las pacientes intervenidas fue de 37,8 años y la mayoría de estas tenían menos de 40 años (64,2 %). En la casuística predominaron el fibroma uterino como causa principal de la operación (68,8 %), los síntomas clasificados como muy molestos (para una asociación significativa entre la severidad del síndrome climatérico y el grupo de edad menor de 40 años), así como los sofocos y las sudoraciones nocturnas (87,3 %). Entre los síntomas psicológicos más relevantes figuraron: depresión, irritabilidad e insomnio, y los regímenes terapéuticos más aplicados fueron los estrógenos continuos y la medicina natural.

A descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study was conducted in 221 women with artificial menopause by double oophorectomy, who attended the specialized department for climacteric and menopause care of "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" General Teaching Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from January 2009 to August 2012. The average age of patients undergoing surgery was 37.8 years and most of them were under 40 years (64.2%). Uterine fibroid as main cause of surgery (68.8%), symptoms classified as very annoying (for a significant association between the severity of climacteric syndrome and the age group under 40 years) prevailed in the case material, as well as hot flashes and night sweating (87.3%). Among the most significant psychological symptoms were depression, irritability and insomnia, and more frequent regimens were continuous estrogen and natural medicine.

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Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal, a fin de describir las principales manifestaciones clínicas del síndrome climatérico en 341 mujeres de edad mediana que asistieron a la consulta especializada para la atención al climaterio y la menopausia del Hospital "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero de 2009 hasta mayo de 2012. La edad promedio de las pacientes en la etapa perimenopáusica fue de 47,2 años, mientras que en las posmenopáusicas resultó ser de 49,4 años. Se aplicó la escala climatérica cubana, desde un enfoque médico social. En la posmenopausia artificial, los síntomas fueron muy molestos para 69,1 % de las afectadas; asimismo, los sofocos predominaron en 88,2 %, seguidos de las sudoraciones nocturnas en 82,7 % de ellas. La depresión y el insomnio figuraron entre los síntomas psicológicos más relevantes, con 84,7 y 78,0 %, respectivamente. La medicina natural y la terapia hormonal de reemplazo constituyeron las principales modalidades de tratamiento.

A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in order to describe the main clinical manifestations of the climacteric syndrome in 341 middle-aged women, who attended the specialized care for climacteric and menopause of "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from January 2009 to May 2012. The average age of patients in the perimenopausal stage was 47.2 years, while in postmenopausal women was found to be 49.4 years. The Cuban climacteric scale was applied from a social medical approach. In the artificial postmenopause, the symptoms were very bothersome for 69.1 % of those affected; also, hot flashes prevailed in 88.2 %, followed by the night sweats in 82.7 % of them. Depression and insomnia were among the most significant psychological symptoms, with 84.7 and 78.0 %, respectively. Natural medicine and hormone replacement therapy were the main treatment modalities.

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Introdução: O climatério é considerado um evento natural, ocorrendo em função da falência ovariana podendo ou não apresentar sintomas denominados de síndrome climatérica. Objetivo: Conhecer a prevalência do uso da fitoterapia para alívio de sintomas apresentados em pacientes climatéricas cadastradas na Unidade de Saúde São Defende, município de Criciúma, Santa Catarina. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, no período de janeiro a agosto de 2008 por meio de questionário contendo questões abertas e fechadas em pacientes climatéricas entre 40 e 60 anos, cadastradas na referida Unidade de Saúde. Os dados obtidos pelos questionários quanto ao uso de plantas medicinais e/ou fitoterápicos foram submetidos ao programa Epi-Info versão 6.04d para a análise das variáveis quantitativas e qualitativas e utilizado o programa Excel for Windows para elaboração de gráficos e tabelas. Para verificar a associação entre as variáveis independentes e desfecho, foram feitas análises bivariadas utilizando o teste do x2 ao nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Das 51 mulheres que responderam o questionário, 40 (78%) fazem uso de plantas medicinais e/ou de fitoterápicos, destas 75% relataram que o resultado obtido com esta terapêutica foi satisfatório. Das 40 mulheres questionadas 19 (47,5%) fazem uso de fitoterápicos com ou sem prescrição médica. Conclusões: As plantas medicinais e os fitoterá-picos assumem relevância, por atender as necessidades pessoais e socioeconômicas das pacientes, bem como as integram no convívio social, dando-lhes como retorno melhor qualidade de vida, o que evidencia a necessidade de mais pesquisas conclusivas sobre o tema.

Introduction: The climacteric is considered a natural occurrence which occurs due to the ovarian failure able or not able to present symptoms called climacteric syndrome. Objective: To know the prevalence of the phytotherapy use to relieve the symptoms present in climacteric patients registered at Unidade de Saúde São Defende, Criciúma municipality, Santa Catarina. Methods: It was carried out a transversa study, from January to August in 2008, through questionnaires open and closed questions, in climacteric patients between 40 and 60 years old registered at the Unidade de Saúde referred before. The data obtained through such questionnaires in relation to the use of medicinal plants and/or phytotherapy were submitted to the Epi-Info program 6.04d version for the analyses of the quantitative and qualitative variables and the Excel for Windows program was used to have the graphics and tables developed. To verify the association between the independent variables and the outcome, bivariate analyses were done through the chi-square test in a level of significance of 5%. Results: 40 (78%) out of 51 women who answered the questionnaires make use of medicinal plants and/or phytotherapy, among these ones 75% reported that they had a satisfactory result. And 47,5% (19 women) make use of phytotherapy withor no medical subscription. Conclusions: The medicinal plants and the phytotherapy are relevant for meeting the patients personal and socio-economical necessities, as well as integrate them in the social living, providing them a better quality of living, showing up the necessity of more conclusive researches on the subject.