RESUMEN
Introducción: Los niños contactos de pacientes con lepra se consideran las personas con mayores posibilidades de desarrollar la enfermedad. Objetivo: Valorar la utilidad del seguimiento serológico de anticuerpos contra el glicolípido fenólico I para el diagnóstico de lepra en niños. Métodos: Investigación prospectiva. Se incluyeron todos los niños contactos de pacientes diagnosticados con lepra en las provincias de La Habana, Santiago de Cuba y Guantánamo entre enero 2013-junio 2015. Los menores se evaluaron clínicamente mediante examen dermatoneurológico y se determinó la presencia de anticuerpos contra el glicolípido fenólico I de Mycobacterium leprae para el estudio serológico. Los niños con serología positiva se siguieron, con estos dos métodos, cada seis meses durante dos años. La confirmación de un caso nuevo de lepra se realizó mediante baciloscopía y biología molecular. Resultados: Se estudiaron 151 niños, de ellos 44 (29,13 por ciento) resultaron positivos al glicolípido fenólico I. Se diagnosticaron durante el período 12 casos, de los cuales 11 tuvieron serología positiva. Presentaron sospecha clínica 10 niños de los estudiados, solo se confirmó un caso nuevo, el cual tuvo serología negativa. En ocho de los niños diagnosticados se detectó presencia de bacilos ácido alcohol resistente en la lámina de baciloscopía. En los restantes cuatro niños el diagnóstico se confirmó por la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. Conclusiones: Los resultados de esta investigación denotan la utilidad del seguimiento serológico de anticuerpos contra el glicolípido fenólico I en el diagnóstico de lepra en niños, en apoyo a la vigilancia clínica(AU)
Introduction: Children having contact with leprosy patients are considered the contacts with greater possibilities of developing the disease. Objective: To assess the usefulness of antibodies´ serologic follow up against the phenolic glycolipid I (PGL-1) for the diagnosis of leprosy in children. Methods: Prospective study in which were included all children contacts of patients diagnosed with leprosy in Havana, Santiago de Cuba and Guantanamo provinces between January 2013 and June 2015. They were evaluated clinically by the dermato-neurological examination and the presence of antibodies against the PGL-1 of M. leprae was determined. Children with positive serology were followed up using these same two methods every six months for two years. The confirmation of a new case of leprosy was made by smear microscopy and molecular biology / PCR-Rlep. Results: A total of 151 children were studied. Of these, 44 children (29.13 percent) were positive for phenolic glycolipid I. A total of 12 children were diagnosed during this period, of which 11 had positive serology. Only 10 children of the studied ones presented clinical suspicion and of these only one new case was confirmed, which had negative serology. In eight of the diagnosed children, the presence of acid-fast bacilli was detected in the smear microscopy. In the remaining four children, the diagnosis was confirmed by the PCR result. Conclusion: The results of this investigation show the usefulness of the antibodies´ serologic follow up against the phenolic glycolipid I in the diagnosis of leprosy in children as a support to clinical surveillance(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Lepra/prevención & control , Lepra/transmisión , Trazado de Contacto/métodos , Compuestos Fenólicos/métodos , Diagnóstico Precoz , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
Introducción: Los niños contactos de pacientes con lepra se consideran las personas con mayores posibilidades de desarrollar la enfermedad. Objetivo: Valorar la utilidad del seguimiento serológico de anticuerpos contra el glicolípido fenólico I para el diagnóstico de lepra en niños. Métodos: Investigación prospectiva. Se incluyeron todos los niños contactos de pacientes diagnosticados con lepra en las provincias de La Habana, Santiago de Cuba y Guantánamo entre enero 2013-junio 2015. Los menores se evaluaron clínicamente mediante examen dermatoneurológico y se determinó la presencia de anticuerpos contra el glicolípido fenólico I de Mycobacterium leprae para el estudio serológico. Los niños con serología positiva se siguieron, con estos dos métodos, cada seis meses durante dos años. La confirmación de un caso nuevo de lepra se realizó mediante baciloscopía y biología molecular. Resultados: Se estudiaron 151 niños, de ellos 44 (29,13 por ciento) resultaron positivos al glicolípido fenólico I. Se diagnosticaron durante el período 12 casos, de los cuales 11 tuvieron serología positiva. Presentaron sospecha clínica 10 niños de los estudiados, solo se confirmó un caso nuevo, el cual tuvo serología negativa. En ocho de los niños diagnosticados se detectó presencia de bacilos ácido alcohol resistente en la lámina de baciloscopía. En los restantes cuatro niños el diagnóstico se confirmó por la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. Conclusiones: Los resultados de esta investigación denotan la utilidad del seguimiento serológico de anticuerpos contra el glicolípido fenólico I en el diagnóstico de lepra en niños, en apoyo a la vigilancia clínica(AU)
Introduction: Children having contact with leprosy patients are considered the contacts with greater possibilities of developing the disease. Objective: To assess the usefulness of antibodies´ serologic follow up against the phenolic glycolipid I (PGL-1) for the diagnosis of leprosy in children. Methods: Prospective study in which were included all children contacts of patients diagnosed with leprosy in Havana, Santiago de Cuba and Guantanamo provinces between January 2013 and June 2015. They were evaluated clinically by the dermato-neurological examination and the presence of antibodies against the PGL-1 of M. leprae was determined. Children with positive serology were followed up using these same two methods every six months for two years. The confirmation of a new case of leprosy was made by smear microscopy and molecular biology / PCR-Rlep. Results: A total of 151 children were studied. Of these, 44 children (29.13 percent) were positive for phenolic glycolipid I. A total of 12 children were diagnosed during this period, of which 11 had positive serology. Only 10 children of the studied ones presented clinical suspicion and of these only one new case was confirmed, which had negative serology. In eight of the diagnosed children, the presence of acid-fast bacilli was detected in the smear microscopy. In the remaining four children, the diagnosis was confirmed by the PCR result. Conclusion: The results of this investigation show the usefulness of the antibodies´ serologic follow up against the phenolic glycolipid I in the diagnosis of leprosy in children as a support to clinical surveillance(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Trazado de Contacto/métodos , Compuestos Fenólicos/métodos , Lepra/prevención & control , Lepra/transmisión , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Estudios Prospectivos , Diagnóstico PrecozRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Childhood leprosy is an important marker of the status of the ongoing leprosy control programme, as it is an indicator of active disease transmission in the community. Despite achievement of elimination status of leprosy in 2005, the reported prevalence of childhood cases continue to be high. METHOD: A retrospective analysis of 11 year records of leprosy patients aged less than 15 years in a tertiary care hospital of central Delhi was carried out from 2005-2015. Data were analysed using SPSS 22.0 system. RESULT: A total of 113 (7.6%) cases of childhood leprosy were reported during the 11 year period from 2005-2015. Multibacillary cases constituted a total of 57 (50.4%), while paucibacillary constituted 56 (49.6%) cases. The M:F ratio noted was 2.5:1. Signs of reaction were found in 15% cases, while deformity was noted in 24.7% cases. CONCLUSION: The rate of childhood leprosy continues to be high. Lack of proper access to health facilities, ignorance among the general population, high susceptibility due to immature immune system etc make this population highly vulnerable. LIMITATIONS: Limited data of 11 years from an urban center were analyzed.